Organizations Law Commons^™

Sept. 23, 2004, Cso, Overall Matrix Comparing Pss With Safeguards, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Ancillary Joint Ventures And The Unanswered Questions After Revenue Ruling 2004-51, Gabriel O. Aitsebaomo

ExpressO

Ever since the Internal Revenue Service (the "Service") issued Revenue Ruling 98-15… in which it emphasized "control" as a critical factor in determining whether a tax-exempt hospital that enters into a whole-hospital joint venture with a for-profit entity would continue to maintain its tax-exemption, practitioners and scholars alike have sought guidance from the Service regarding whether such "control" would also be required of an exempt organization that enters into an "ancillary joint venture" with a for-profit entity. In response, the Service issued Revenue Ruling 2004-51 on May 6, 2004.

… In Revenue Ruling 2004-51, the Service enunciated that a tax-exempt …

Sept. 22, 2004, Ifc, Draft Ltr From Ifc To Csos Defending Changes In Safeguards, Cao

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

Sept. 17, 2005, Letter From D.Tallant, Cedha To P. Woicke, Exvp, Ifc, Commeting On Pol'y And Ps Consultation, Daniel Tallant

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Sept. 14, 2004, M. Miranda And J. Sohn, Wri Comments On Ifc Draft Policy, Marta Miranda, Jon Sohn

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Sept. 3, 2004, F. Mckay, Draft Comments On Ifc Proposed Ps 7 Indigenous Peoples, Fergus Mckay

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Sept. 2004, Cao, Comparative Matrix Of Accountability Mechanisms, Cao

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

Aug. 12, 2004, Ifc, Disclosure Policy Review Briefing Note, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Aug. 12, 2004, Ifc, Consultation Draft Policy And Perf. Stnds With D. Hunter Marginal Comments, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Aug. 12, 2004, Ifc, Consultation Draft Ses Policy And Perf. Standards, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Aug. 2, 2004, Ifc, Comments Of Essd And Leg Relating To Safeguard Policy Revision, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Jul. 14, 2004 Ifc, Memo To Code Board Re Safeguard Policy Rev., Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Jun. 4, 2004, Wbg, Striking A Better Balance, The Final Report Of The Extractive Industries Review, Wbg

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Medical Malpractice And Contract Disclosure: An Equilibrium Model Of The Effects Of Legal Rules On Behavior In Health Care Markets, Kathryn Zeiler

Faculty Scholarship

This paper develops a theoretical model of how specific legal rules affect the types of contracts managed care organizations ("MCOs") use to compensate physicians. In addition, the analysis provides insights into how physician treatment decisions and the rate of medical malpractice lawsuits react to different legal rules. In particular, the model predicts that outcomes in jurisdictions forcing MCOs to disclose physician contract terms to patients differ from those that do not. Contracts vary depending on the disclosure rule and how treatment costs relate to expected damages and litigation costs. Moreover, the model predicts that jurisdictions forcing contract disclosure observe higher …

Apr. 22, 2004, Draft Cso Talking Points For Ifc Mtg On Safeguards, Disclosure And H.Rts., Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

April 14, 2004, Ltr From M. Taylor, Cao, To Wwf Caucasus, Rejecting Btc Complaint, Meg Taylor

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

Apr. 12, 2004, Wbg, Comm. On Dev.. Effect., Enhancing World Bank Support To Middle Income Countries, Wbg

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Econometric Methods In Staples, Jonathan Baker, Orley Ashenfelter, David Ashmore, Suzanne Gleason, Daniel Hosken

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

Econometrics played a major role in the investigation and litigation of the Federal Trade Commission's successful challenge to the proposed merger between two office superstore chains, Staples and Office Depot. Our goal in writing this essay is to describe the econometric issues at stake in evaluating the FTC's central claim that the price charged by office supply superstores was related to the number and identity of superstore firms participating in the market. Similar statistical models were relied upon by the FTC and the merging firms to analyze pricing. Our discussion of these models highlights the advantages and disadvantages of alternative …

Apr. 2004, Bic, Policy Update, Ppah Wbg To Lead Review, Bic

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Sept. 25-26, 2004, Bic, Banktrack And Foe, Paper On Ifis, Ecas, Private Banks; A Triple Alliance, Bic

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Apr. 2004, Bic, Wb To Lead Revision Of Private Sector Envtl Standards, Bic

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Whose Public?: Parochialism And Paternalism In State Charity Law Enforcement, Evelyn Brody

All Faculty Scholarship

This piece was inspired by the increasing tendency of State attorneys general – backed up by courts and legislatures – to effectively confiscate the assets of wealthy nonprofits through overreaching enforcement actions. The article develops a legal framework for ascertaining the proper State role. It reviews many case studies including, most notoriously, the thwarted diversification of the Milton Hershey School Trust out of Hershey Foods Corporation (an investment worth over $5 billion) – thereby preserving the local operations of a publicly traded company. While few state attorneys general have the funding and inclination to engage in aggressive charity enforcement, the …

The Effects Of Ballot Position On Election Outcomes, Jonathan G.S. Koppell, Jennifer A. Steen

Publications from President Jonathan G.S. Koppell

This article presents evidence of name-order effects in balloting from a study of the 1998 Democratic primary in New York City, in which the order of candidates' names was rotated by precinct. In 71 of 79 individual nominating contests, candidates received a greater proportion of the vote when listed first than when listed in any other position. In seven of those 71 contests, the advantage to first position exceeded the winner's margin of victory, suggesting that ballot position would have determined the election outcomes if one candidate had held the top spot in all precincts.

The Irrelevance Of State Corporate Law In The Governance Of Public Companies, J. Robert Brown Jr.

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Weak state regulation of corporate governance process and the race to the bottom resulted in federal intervention in the 1930s and the adoption of the securities laws. The laws largely ousted the states from the corporate disclosure and proxy process. The duties of directors, however, remained subject to state regulation.

The race to the bottom, therefore, continued. One example was the adoption of waiver of liability provisions. It took less than two decades after Delaware adopted the first such provision in the aftermath of Van Gorkom for all 50 states to have something similar in place. Likewise, fiduciary obligations gradually …

Investing In The Close Corporation: What The Minority Shareholder Needs To Know Before Giving Up Money And Power, Shawn Diedtrich

ExpressO

Much of the focus in business planning and choice of entity is spent on tax considerations, startup financing, and liability issues owed to the world outside of the entity. Little attention, if any, is given to fiduciary duties between the owners. Even if a discussion occurs, it is likely to focus on the duties of majority owners and/or managers. The surprise comes when a minority owner finds out it may owe a fiduciary duty to the majority—a non-intuitive result. This article attempts to serve as an aid to a minority investor before committing to the investment in a startup close …

Quest For Cash: Exempt Organizations, Joint Ventures, Taxable Subsidiaries, And Unrelated Business Income, J. Patrick Plunkett, Heidi Neff Christianson

William Mitchell Law Review

Most “for-profit” or “business” activities of exempt organizations take one of three forms: (A) The exempt organization may undertake to perform the business activities within the existing structure of the exempt organization. (B) The exempt organization may form a “taxable” subsidiary or affiliate which will perform the business activities. (C) The exempt organization may “partner” with other individuals and entities (both nonprofit and for-profit) to form a corporation, limited liability company (LLC), partnership, joint venture, strategic alliance, or other collaborative effort which will perform the “for-profit” activities. Depending in part upon which of these forms is chosen, any business activities …

A Crash At The Crossroads: Tax And Campaign Finance Laws Collide In Regulation Of Political Activities Of Tax-Exempt Organizations, Elizabeth Kingsley, John Pomeranz

William Mitchell Law Review

[T]his article will look at the tax law's definitions of “political” activity by § 501(c)(3)s, other § 501(c)s, and § 527s, identifying the many points of congruence and the occasional important differences. We further attempt to explain why the FEC's detour onto the slippery pavement of tax law led to this crash, and why attempts to follow the tax law's definitions of political activity will inevitably lead regulatory efforts astray. The legal roads of tax and election law begin from different policy rationales, intersect in seemingly similar concepts, but then proceed to wildly different legal destinations. We conclude with a …

Enron.Org: Why Sarbanes-Oxley Will Not Ensure Comprehensive Nonprofit Accountability, Dana Brakman Reiser

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Undated (2004), Cso Gap Analysis Of Ifc Proposed Pss, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Undated (2004), Csos, Draft V1 Of Gaps Analysis, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.