Legal Writing and Research Commons^™

The School Of SharīʿA Judges: SharīʿA Courts’ Reform And Legal Modernization In Egypt (1907-1927), Yamen Nouh

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis studied the history of the school of sharīʿa judges (1907-1927) as an essential episode of the reform of Sharīʿa courts in Egypt in the early 20th century. The thesis studied the school in connection with the broader context of legal modernization of the Egyptian legal system. The study explored the institutional, pedagogical, and legal aspects of the reform that the school advocated. The study analyzed the impact of the school’s pedagogy on the practice of the Islamic judiciary and the theoretical conception of Sharīʿa. The study used a significant yet understudied historical source: the judicial press. A comparative …

“Any”, James J. Brudney, Ethan J. Leib

BYU Law Review

Our statute books use the word “any” ubiquitously in coverage and exclusion provisions. As any reader of the Supreme Court’s statutory interpretation docket would know, a large number of cases turn on the contested application of this so-called universal quantifier. It is hard to make sense of the jurisprudence of “any.” And any effort to offer a unified approach—knowing precisely when its scope is expansive (along the “literal-meaning” lines of “every” and “all”) or confining (having a contained domain related to properties provided by contextual cues)—is likely to fail. This Article examines legislative drafting manuals, surveys centuries of Court decisions, …

Law School News: For 30 Years: A Justice-Centered Mission 12-19-2023, Helga Melgar

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

Closing The Feedback Gap: Reflections As Diagnostic Resource, Jaclyn Celebrezze

Presentations

Providing students with helpful, actionable feedback is a perennial challenge. This presentation identifies an additional data source for instructors when drafting feedback: digital student reflections. This process has a dual benefit for both instructors and students. For instructors, digitized reflections unlock an understanding of why a student drafted a certain way, minimizing guesswork and ensuring more targeted feedback. For students, this process directs the instructor’s gaze to a concrete concern or discomfort for immediate response. While not a solution for all feedback problems, digitizing student reflections allows instructors and students to work together to close the gap.

Law Library Blog (December 2023): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Presidential Power And What The First Congress Did Not Do, Michael D. Ramsey

Notre Dame Law Review Reflection

Scholars, advocates, and judges have long debated the scope of the President’s “executive Power” under Article II, Section 1, of the Constitution. New articles by, among others, Professors Jean Galbraith, Julian Mortenson, Jed Shugerman, and Ilan Wurman have sharply rekindled those contentions, particularly with regard to the President’s power to remove executive officers and to conduct the foreign affairs of the United States. This Essay takes a close look at one piece of the executive power puzzle: what the First Congress did and did not do in 1789 regarding the powers of the President. Unlike prior accounts, which have devoted …

W&L Law Library Newsletter, Vol. 3, Iss. 1 (Dec. 2023), The Law Library At Washington And Lee University School Of Law

W&L Law Library Newsletter

W&L Law Library Newsletter, Volume 3, Issue 1 (December 2023).

Feedback Loops: More Valuable Than Money, Patrick Barry

Articles

In an essay called "Secrets of Positive Feedback,” Douglas Conant, the former CEO of Campbell Soup Company, shares a key element of the leadership style that helped him resurrect Campbell’s from financial ruin in 2001 and turn it into both a highly profitable business by the time he stepped down in 2011 and an award-winning, much more inclusive workplace: During his ten years at the helm, he wrote more than 30,000 thank-you notes to his employees and customers.

Duncan Alford, Setting The Bar For Collegiality And Professionalism, Caroline L. Osborne

Law Faculty Scholarship

Duncan E. Alford (1963 – 2023), lawyer, librarian, scholar, colleague. This essay documents the significant contributions our colleague, Duncan E. Alford, University of South Carolina School of Law made to his profession. Professor Alford’s is remembered for his significant contributions.

Disfavoring Statutory Parentheses (Except In Certain Circumstanaces), Zachary A. Damir

Notre Dame Law Review

Parentheses in statutes have been at issue in an increasing number of court cases, even at the Supreme Court. Parentheses have a slightly different story from other punctuation marks and they have been used consistently throughout legal history. The Federal Constitution, early statutes, and a large part of our modern state and federal law separate words from their sentences using parentheses. But if a parenthetical conflicts with the material outside of the parentheses, it is the current practice to discard the interior text as surplus-age, even though the legislature may have had a reason to include that text in a …

The Unreasonable Effectiveness Of Large Language Models In Zero-Shot Semantic Annotation Of Legal Texts, Jaromir Savelka, Kevin D. Ashley

Articles

The emergence of ChatGPT has sensitized the general public, including the legal profession, to large language models' (LLMs) potential uses (e.g., document drafting, question answering, and summarization). Although recent studies have shown how well the technology performs in diverse semantic annotation tasks focused on legal texts, an influx of newer, more capable (GPT-4) or cost-effective (GPT-3.5-turbo) models requires another analysis. This paper addresses recent developments in the ability of LLMs to semantically annotate legal texts in zero-shot learning settings. Given the transition to mature generative AI systems, we examine the performance of GPT-4 and GPT-3.5-turbo(-16k), comparing it to the previous …

To Write Or Not To Write: The Ethics Of Judicial Writings And Publishing, Nick Badgerow, Michael Hoeflich, Sarah Schmitz

St. Mary's Journal on Legal Malpractice & Ethics

Judges are bound by the Model Code of Judicial Conduct promulgated by the American Bar Association and adopted most states, including the federal judiciary. Within these rules governing judicial conduct, Judges owe duties to the public and to their calling, to be (and appear to be) objective, fair, judicious, and independent. When judges venture into the realm of extrajudicial writing—in the form of fiction novels, short stories, legal books, children’s books, and the like—they must consider the ethical bounds of that expression. The Model Code of Judicial Conduct imposes five main constraints upon extrajudicial writings: (a) a judge may not …

Congressional Briefing: Increasing Access To Medicare-Funded Physician Residency Slots, Julia Mattingly, Sarah Youngman, Ariel Ringo, Sarah Belcher

Commonwealth Policy Papers

The Fiscal Year (FY) 2022 Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) final rule designated the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid to implement 1,000 new Medicare-funded physician residency slots to qualifying hospitals authorized by the Consolidated Appropriations Act (CAA) of 2021, phasing in 200 slots per year over five years.However, in its first round of allocation of 200 slots in 2023, only 5 rural hospitals in the country received slots, despite Section 126 of the CAA.

In this brief, we discuss potential solutions to address this allocation shortfall.

A Critical Access Pharmacy Program, Julia Mattingly, Jack Reynolds

Commonwealth Policy Papers

With much light on rural hospital closures and healthcare workforce shortages, a sect of rural healthcare rarely discussed is the availability and accessibility of rural independent pharmacies. Pharmacies are a vital part of healthcare delivery in rural communities, with many not only supplying medications but also offering clinical services such as immunizations, blood pressure and glucose monitoring, medication counseling, and more. As funds are available, Congress should designate the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to establish a Critical Access Pharmacy Care Program to ensure the sustainability of critical access pharmacies throughout the United States. Specifics of the proposed program …

Congressional Briefing: Support America’S Circular Economy By Upcycling Bourbon & Brewing Wastes In Reauthorizing The Farm Bill, Samuel Kessler

Commonwealth Policy Papers

Following state level development of a new spent grain incentive system, leading to KY House Bill 627 in 2022, CPC’s Congressional Summit dialogue considered initial components and possibilities for designing an incentive to upcycle “keystone” organic wastes in regional economies across the US. For member offices, a set of general recommendations are provided for a national spent-grain upcycling incentive pilot program. It is suggested that staff of the Bourbon caucus consult with the references in this briefing and USDA Rural Development to consider further development of an incentive program in the reauthorization of the Farm Bill.

It is further urged …

Congressional Briefing: A Geographically Targeted Approach For A Preceptor Tax Incentive Using Primary Care Health Professional Shortage Areas, Julia Mattingly, Sarah Belcher

Commonwealth Policy Papers

This congressional briefing outlines federal policy implications, following state level use of HPSAs in targeted incentives for healthcare workforce development also published by the Commonwealth Policy Institute.

Draft State Legislation: "Cycle-Based Adoption Of The International Code Council’S Model Building And Energy Conservation Codes", Hailey M. Mattingly

Commonwealth Policy Papers

This draft state legislation crafted with nonprofit partners is created in order to update building codes across the Commonwealth of Kentucky with uniform professional standards also adopted by surrounding states which are provided by the ICC, in order to improve resilience to natural disasters. This bill draft is accompanied with a short brief published in the same volume.

Maximize “West End Opportunity” In America: Alternative Policy Options To Address Perceived Drawbacks Of Tax Increment Financing (Tif) & Opportunity Zones, Justin Avert, Samuel C Kessler

Commonwealth Policy Papers

In March 2021, the Kentucky General Assembly passed House Bill 321 (Acts Chapter 203) authorizing the creation of a tax increment finance (TIF) district within the West End of Louisville. Designed to spur community-wide economic development, it set up a public-private nonprofit partnership. Known as the West End Opportunity Partnership (WEOP), this 21-seat board include community representatives and has sole control over any fund disbursement. Funds can be used towards a broad array of investments including small business loans, financing affordable housing units, home improvements, etc.

Residents within the district have expressed opposition to the TIF, skepticism towards the board …

Libertarianism And The Common Law, Allen Mendenhall

Belmont Law Review

What are the qualities and characteristics of the common law that feature or reflect libertarianism? The common law is both a historical phenomenon and an active process or a juridical mode of settling disputes. Therefore, a precise answer to questions about the compatibility between libertarianism and the common law is difficult to articulate. This Essay describes elements of the common law - both its manifestation in history and its theoretical approaches to judging - that illuminate its libertarian attributes and tendencies. It suggests that the common law has epistemological importance as a kind of bottom-up ordering based on traceable patterns …

Tiktok Is Not Your Doctor: Reprioritizing Consumer Protection In Pharmaceutical Advertisement Regulation, Nora Klein

Belmont Law Review

This Note will examine DTCA in the context of DTC telemedicine companies, with a focus on the proliferation of such advertisements on social media platforms. Part I discusses the intertwining forces that have led to the prevalence of DTC telehealth advertising on social media. Part II introduces the current regulatory scheme applicable to DTCA, and explains the First Amendment protections afforded to commercial speakers. Part III explores why DTC telemedicine companies are not subject to the regulations applicable to DTCA generally, as well as the implications stemming from the current lack of oversight. Finally, Part IV proposes a solution to …

The Digital Person: Law Enforcement & The Purchase Of Data In A Post Carpenter Age, Jay E. Town

Belmont Law Review

It once was reasonable to expect courts to rule that there is no reasonable expectation of privacy, even in the digital era, because nearly all of the information streamed from mobile devices, applications, and browsers is voluntarily shared per the terms of the platforms', websites', and applications' agreements. But then the United States Supreme Court issued its opinion in Carpenter v. United States. Scholars and jurists alike opined, to some degree of hyperbole, on the enormity of the impact this holding would have on the Fourth Amendment going forward. Defense counsel and privacy advocates regaled the case as a …

Securing Patent Law, Charles Duan

Belmont Law Review

A vigorous conversation about intellectual property rights and national security has largely focused on the defense role of those rights, as tools for responding to acts of foreign infringement. But intellectual property, and patents in particular, also play an arguably more important offense role. Foreign competitor nations can obtain and assert U.S. patents against U.S. firms and creators. Use of patents as an offense strategy can be strategically coordinated to stymie domestic innovation and technological progress. This Essay considers current and possible future practices of patent exploitation in this offense setting, with a particular focus on China given the nature …

Recalibrating Bruen: The Merits Of Historical Burden-Shifting In Second Amendment Cases, Kevin G. Schascheck Ii

Belmont Law Review

After Bruen, the prevailing assumption was that the Second Amendment framework shifted radically for all gun laws. Courts throughout the country have already invalidated key gun safety statutes while applying the new test. However, such holdings fail to grapple with the full weight of Second Amendment doctrines. A proper application of the doctrine in toto will result in no significant changes to the constitutionality of the vast majority of gun laws after Bruen.

This Article explains the underdeveloped interaction between two principal Second Amendment doctrines - presumptions of legal validity and historical analyses. That interaction, framed in its simplest terms, …

Taming The Wild West: The Time Is Near For Congress To Intervene In Name, Image, And Likeness Deals For Collegiate Athletes, Bradley Kilborn Kilborn

Belmont Law Review

This note proposes a multifaceted approach for congressional intervention in the NIL market. While there are many areas needing NIL regulation in the collegiate athletic market, the most critical area of need for NIL regulation involves the collectives and directives. These entities have formed and operated without any meaningful guardrails since the NCAA permitted student-athletes to be compensated for their NIL. Additionally, they have been able to influence recruiting both at the high school recruit level and in the collegiate athlete transfer portal.

Law Library Blog (November 2023): Legal Beagle's Blog Archive, Roger Williams University School Of Law

Law Library Newsletters/Blog

No abstract provided.

Market Access Obligations And Foreign Investments In Renewable Energy: An Analysis Of International Trade And Investment Law Instruments, Mohammad Akefi Ghaziani, Mostafa Fazaeli, Moosa Akefi Ghaziani, Dr. Huma Amin

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Today's development of renewable energy technologies is perceived as an essential ingredient of the world’s response to emerging challenges of energy security, global warming, and climate change. However, the global deployment of renewables needs huge financial and technological contributions that many States cannot afford. Therefore the promotion of foreign investments in this sector is at the stake. However, the global flow of investment and technology in this sector is not free from the regulations of international trade and investment law instruments. Among the prominent provisions common to these instruments are Market Access obligations. WTO agreements and IIAs provide for different …

The 80/20 Rule For Legal Research, Olivia R. Smith Schlink

Library Staff Online Publications

A few semesters ago I was discussing the value of secondary sources with a student when they paused to think, then described secondary sources as “kind of like the 80/20 Rule, but different.” I’d never heard of the 80/20 Rule, but I jotted it down onto a Post-It note to look into later. Fast-forward to today and I now introduce my students to what I’ve dubbed “the 80/20 Rule for Legal Research” in all classes about secondary sources.

Table Of Contents, Seattle University Law Review

Seattle University Law Review

Table of Contents

Revisiting Immigration Exceptionalism In Administrative Law, Christopher J. Walker

Reviews

With all the changes swirling in administrative law, one trend seems to be getting less attention than perhaps it should: the death of regulatory exceptionalism in administrative law. For decades, many regulatory fields—such as tax, intellectual property, and antitrust—viewed themselves as exceptional, such that the normal rules of the road in administrative law do not apply. The Supreme Court and the lower courts have increasingly rejected such exceptionalism in many regulatory contexts, emphasizing that the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and related administrative law doctrines are the default rules unless Congress has clearly chosen to depart from them by statute in …

A Guide To Emtala, Kaylee Jacobson

Law Student Works

This Pathfinder research guide provides an overview of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA). This guide is intended for both attorneys in the field and hospital compliance departments. It is essential for attorneys to understand both the requirements of an EMTALA claim and the circuit splits on interpretation. Hospital compliance departments have an interest in understanding EMTALA for preventative and response measures.

This guide walks the researcher through a brief background on EMTALA and how to research the federal statute using primary, secondary, and news-based sources. The goal is to equip them with the necessary tools to perform …