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Full-Text Articles in Legal Writing and Research

The Middle Class, Urban Schools, And Choice, Michael Lewyn Jan 2017

The Middle Class, Urban Schools, And Choice, Michael Lewyn

Belmont Law Review

It is common knowledge that middle- and upper-class parents tend to disfavor urban public schools, and that they often move to suburbs in order to avoid having to send their children to those schools. Thus, the condition of urban public schools contributes to suburban sprawl—that is, the movement of people and jobs from city to suburb. Because most suburbs are highly dependent on automobiles, such sprawl makes it more difficult for people without cars to reach jobs and other destinations, as well as increasing greenhouse gas emissions and other forms of automobile related pollution.This Article discusses a variety of possible …


Regionalism Panel Discussion, Jon Cooper, Ralph Schulz, Michael Skipper, Karl Dean Jan 2017

Regionalism Panel Discussion, Jon Cooper, Ralph Schulz, Michael Skipper, Karl Dean

Belmont Law Review

Regionalism Panel Discussion Featuring: Mr. Jon Cooper, Mr. Ralph Schulz, and Mr. Michael Skipper. Moderated by Mayor Karl Dean. October 7, 2016


Strengthening Our Cities, Raumesh Akbari Jan 2017

Strengthening Our Cities, Raumesh Akbari

Belmont Law Review

Belmont Law Review Symposium Presentation: Representative Raumesh Akbari, Strengthening Our Cities. October 7, 2016


Slicing The Pie: A Call For Congress To Enact Single-Factor Payroll Apportionment Of Interstate Business Revenue, Michael Bowen Jan 2017

Slicing The Pie: A Call For Congress To Enact Single-Factor Payroll Apportionment Of Interstate Business Revenue, Michael Bowen

Belmont Law Review

Almost all states levy some form of corporate income tax. In administering a corporate income tax system, states must make a series of policy decisions, including the tax rate and tax base. A more interesting problem arises, however, when considering corporations that do business in multiple states: how to determine the portion of income attributable to business within each state. This policy of apportionment is a crucial element of a corporate income tax system. Although the federal government has considered involving itself in determining how this income is apportioned to the various states, it never has. States have very little …


Municipal Finance And Asymmetric Risk, Lori Raineri, Darien Shanske Jan 2017

Municipal Finance And Asymmetric Risk, Lori Raineri, Darien Shanske

Belmont Law Review

In 2016, both major presidential candidates supported a big increase in federal spending for infrastructure improvements. This is a good thing in light of the state of America’s infrastructure. Given that much of the nation’s infrastructure is owned and maintained by local governments, such proposals require local governments to access the capital markets even more than they currently do. And, as it is, the municipal market is extremely large. In 2015 alone, there were 6,530 “new money” municipal bond issues, totaling nearly $153.86 billion. Looking forward, there is therefore good reason to pause and think about how local governments might …


First Zipcar, Now Uber: Legal And Policy Issues Facing The Expanding “Shared Mobility” Sector In U.S. Cities, Joseph P. Schwieterman, Mollie Pelon Jan 2017

First Zipcar, Now Uber: Legal And Policy Issues Facing The Expanding “Shared Mobility” Sector In U.S. Cities, Joseph P. Schwieterman, Mollie Pelon

Belmont Law Review

Innovations and technological disruptions in the “sharing economy” are shifting the contours of urban travel in the United States. Carsharing organizations such as car2go and Zipcar have grown exponentially over the past decade, expanding their memberships from 52,347 in 2004 to 1,181,087 in 2015. Ridesourcing companies like Lyft and Uber, which were entirely absent from most U.S. cities as recently as 2010, are now global powerhouses, each reportedly worth billions of dollars. Private investors, after avoiding investments in urban transit services for more than half a century, are now offering venture capital for Bridj, Chariot, and other companies. This Article …


Privileged For Being Stationary: Why The Practice Of Differentiating Between In-State And Out-Of-State Tuition Rates Are Unconstitutional, Hannah Mccann Jan 2017

Privileged For Being Stationary: Why The Practice Of Differentiating Between In-State And Out-Of-State Tuition Rates Are Unconstitutional, Hannah Mccann

Belmont Law Review

State universities charging out-of-state tuition prices through the use of durational residency requirements is unconstitutional in violation of the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV for students who come into a state in order to attend school there because the practice hinders the operation of a system of higher education within the nation as a whole by allowing states to confer the privilege of in-state tuition upon residents that people coming into the state from other states do not receive. Additionally, the practice of using durational residency requirements in determining who is eligible for in-state tuition violates the right …


The Effects Of Personal Property Tax Liens On The Rights Of Secured Creditors, Keith Maune Jan 2017

The Effects Of Personal Property Tax Liens On The Rights Of Secured Creditors, Keith Maune

Belmont Law Review

In most states, counties are allowed to tax personal property and may attach liens to the personal property if the taxes are not paid. However, secured creditors may already have a lien on the same personal property, which they perfected by making the appropriate filing as set forth by the Uniform Commercial Code (the “UCC”). The laws that control the relative rights of the counties and the secured creditors vary widely among states. In some states, despite a creditor’s apparent priority under the UCC, a county’s lien can override a creditor’s prior lien, even without any registration or opportunity for …


Judicial Perspectives Series, Roger A. Page Jan 2017

Judicial Perspectives Series, Roger A. Page

Belmont Law Review

A transcript of the Judicial Perspective Panel Event at Belmont University College of Law Symposium.


Pumping 9 To 5: Why The Flsa’S Provisions Provide Illusory Protections For Breastfeeding Moms In The Workplace, Kierstin Jodway Jan 2017

Pumping 9 To 5: Why The Flsa’S Provisions Provide Illusory Protections For Breastfeeding Moms In The Workplace, Kierstin Jodway

Belmont Law Review

On March 30, 2010, former President Barack Obama signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which amended the Fair Labor Standards Act (“FLSA”) of 1938. Due to this amendment, the FLSA now requires employers to provide workplace accommodations for working mothers who wish to continue expressing breast milk after returning to work. Although this legislation was intended to be a step in support of transforming the role of women in the workplace, in practice its protections fail to advance the legal policies and progressive changes to the American workplace that our society has tirelessly pushed for. This …


Aesthetic Nondiscrimination & Fair Use, Brian L. Frye Jan 2016

Aesthetic Nondiscrimination & Fair Use, Brian L. Frye

Belmont Law Review

While courts do not consider the aesthetic value of an element of a work in determining whether it is protected by copyright, they do consider the aesthetic value of the use of a copyrighted element of a work in determining whether that use is a fair use. This asymmetry improperly and inefficiently discriminates in favor of copyright protection and against fair use. Moreover, the fair use transformativeness inquiry discriminates against marginalized authors, because courts are less likely to appreciate the aesthetic value of their uses of copyrighted works. Courts should apply the aesthetic nondiscrimination principle to both copyright and fair …


The Inadvisability Of Nonuniformity In The Licensing Of Cover Songs, Yolanda M. King Jan 2016

The Inadvisability Of Nonuniformity In The Licensing Of Cover Songs, Yolanda M. King

Belmont Law Review

In February 2015, the U.S. Copyright Office released a report entitled Copyright and the Music Marketplace, which summarizes its study of the music industry and recommends significant revisions to copyright law in response to the rapidly changing demands of the industry. Among its recommendations, the Copyright Office proposes an amendment to section 115(a)(2) of the Copyright Act. Currently, section 115(a)(2), referred to as the compulsory licensing provision of copyright law, permits someone to record a new version of a previously recorded and publicly distributed song, regardless of the format of the newly recorded version. The revised section 115(a)(2) would require …


Symposium Panel: Bringing Blurred Lines Into Focus, Suzanne Kessler, Ramona Desalvo, Sara Ellis Jan 2016

Symposium Panel: Bringing Blurred Lines Into Focus, Suzanne Kessler, Ramona Desalvo, Sara Ellis

Belmont Law Review

Belmont Law Review Symposium: Bringing Blurred Lines into Focus, October 2015.


Modern Legal History 2015: The Road To Obergefell, Abby Rubenfeld, Regina Lambert Jan 2016

Modern Legal History 2015: The Road To Obergefell, Abby Rubenfeld, Regina Lambert

Belmont Law Review

We’re going to have the opportunity to hear about the road to Tanco v. Haslam, one of the most important individual rights constitutional decisions from the United States Supreme Court in the last half-century. We’ll have an opportunity to gain from Ms. Rubenfeld’s and Ms. Lambert’s perspectives and experiences and hear their stories, Belmont Law Review Modern Legal History Symposium, November 20, 2015.


Social Media And “Flash-Infringement”: Live Music Culture And Dying Ip Protection, Michael M. Epstein Jan 2016

Social Media And “Flash-Infringement”: Live Music Culture And Dying Ip Protection, Michael M. Epstein

Belmont Law Review

This article interrogates issues of music intellectual property rights infringement at live performances. I am especially interested in music infringement at live concerts and DJ-driven mash-up parties, and the use of technologies to transfer protected content by smartphone — or remote storage device — at or near the performance site. The covalent forces of social media, including the use of smartphone apps such as Meerkat and Periscope, and flash mob culture have created a perhaps unstoppable threat to copyright and other intellectual property rights — a phenomenon that I define in this article as “flash infringement.” In a flash infringement …


Symposium Presentation: Nsai Director Bart Herbison On Copyright Reform For Songwriters, Bart Herbison Jan 2016

Symposium Presentation: Nsai Director Bart Herbison On Copyright Reform For Songwriters, Bart Herbison

Belmont Law Review

A transcript of a presentation at the Belmont University College of Law Symposium, "Entertainment Law and Music Business in Transition."


Salvaging General Jurisdiction: Satisfying Daimler And Proposing A New Framework, B. Travis Brown Jan 2016

Salvaging General Jurisdiction: Satisfying Daimler And Proposing A New Framework, B. Travis Brown

Belmont Law Review

General jurisdiction is slowly being eroded. What was once a well-trodden path used to hale corporate defendants into the courthouse is now increasingly barred or shut. In its most recent general jurisdiction opinion, Daimler AG v. Bauman, the U.S. Supreme Court continued its trend towards divesting general jurisdiction of its utility. This is a mistake. The 21st century’s economy is increasingly complex, and general jurisdiction must evolve with this complexity. Failing to do so allows intricate corporate structures to insulate corporate defendants from the jurisdiction of U.S courts. Although the theory of personal jurisdiction has come a long way since …


The Burden Of The Bargain: Revisiting The Predicament Of Meshing Workers’ Compensation And Tort Law In Light Of Widespread Acceptance Of Aligning Liability With Fault, Margaret Hearn Teichmann Jan 2016

The Burden Of The Bargain: Revisiting The Predicament Of Meshing Workers’ Compensation And Tort Law In Light Of Widespread Acceptance Of Aligning Liability With Fault, Margaret Hearn Teichmann

Belmont Law Review

Most courts, legislatures, and scholars agree that the widespread movement over the past half-century toward aligning liability with fault has positively influenced tort law; however, the change has not come without difficulty. Courts and legislatures have struggled to determine how these developing doctrines affect apportionment of damages in various contexts. This note addresses the issue of how damages should be apportioned among multiple tortfeasors when an injured plaintiff has suffered a workplace injury and the employer or a coworker is partially to blame.


The Attorney–Client Privilege And Former Employees: History, Principle, And Precedent, Heath Henley Jan 2016

The Attorney–Client Privilege And Former Employees: History, Principle, And Precedent, Heath Henley

Belmont Law Review

When does attorney-client privilege protect communications between an attorney and her client’s former employee? Unfortunately, there is no simple answer to this question. In federal courts, privilege over communications with current employees is generally governed by the subject-matter test. Under this legal doctrine, communication is privileged when it regards subject matter within the scope of the employee’s position. The rationale for the doctrine is that it is often the lower level employees who will have the information that an attorney needs. Extending the doctrine to former employees, however, has caused courts to stumble as they have attempted to reconcile evidentiary …


Symposium Address: U.S. Representative Marsha Blackburn On Federal Copyright Reform, Marsha Blackburn Jan 2016

Symposium Address: U.S. Representative Marsha Blackburn On Federal Copyright Reform, Marsha Blackburn

Belmont Law Review

A transcript of the address at the Belmont University College of Law Symposium, "Entertainment Law and Music Business in Transition."


Judicial Perspective Panel 2015, Jeffrey S. Bivins, Holly Kirby Jan 2016

Judicial Perspective Panel 2015, Jeffrey S. Bivins, Holly Kirby

Belmont Law Review

A transcript of the Judicial Perspective Panel Event at Belmont University College of Law Symposium.


Fair Play Fair Pay: The Need For A Terrestrial Public Performance Right And General Copyright Reform, Loren E. Mulraine Jan 2016

Fair Play Fair Pay: The Need For A Terrestrial Public Performance Right And General Copyright Reform, Loren E. Mulraine

Belmont Law Review

Copyright is a unique species of the law, tethered in a very tangible way to what is largely an intangible: intellectual property. It should be no surprise then that any collection of laws governing property that can be literally created in a moment out of nothing but the mind of the creator, will ultimately have an eternal struggle keeping pace with that very thing it purports to govern. Historically, copyright law has been relegated to being the horse that is second to cross the finish line at the Kentucky Derby. The horse is indeed world class; however, it is simply …


For Patients And Profits: Ethical Astuteness And The Business Of Dialysis, Joshua E. Perry Jan 2015

For Patients And Profits: Ethical Astuteness And The Business Of Dialysis, Joshua E. Perry

Belmont Law Review

The view of ethical astuteness introduced and outlined in this paper aims to add value for a firm in the healthcare business – with a particular application to a for-profit organization providing dialysis services – by addressing two chief concerns: A.) The competing priorities between the patient’s interest in the healthcare encounter and the investor’s interest in generating a return on profits; and B.) The vulnerabilities of a financially-conflicted, for-profit healthcare provider to an allegation of medical malpractice.


The Great Tactician: The Chief Justice, Obamacare, And Walking The Tightrope Of Partisan Politics, Katherine H. Blankenship Jan 2015

The Great Tactician: The Chief Justice, Obamacare, And Walking The Tightrope Of Partisan Politics, Katherine H. Blankenship

Belmont Law Review

This note argues that true judicial restraint is a fictional impossibility. Any practice of judicial restraint is at the very same moment an exercise of judicial activism because a judge cannot approach the law from a truly objective, mechanical position. Every judicial opinion is influenced not only by the political and moral vantage point of the judge, but also the judge’s policy and societal concerns. This thesis is illustrated by a case study of National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, and, specifically, Chief Justice Roberts’s opinion regarding the individual mandate and the Medicaid provision of the Affordable Care Act. …


Our Patient System And Health Care Information Technology: Valuable Incentive Or Impediment To Innovation?, Gary Montle, Ryan Levy, Margaret Rowland Jan 2015

Our Patient System And Health Care Information Technology: Valuable Incentive Or Impediment To Innovation?, Gary Montle, Ryan Levy, Margaret Rowland

Belmont Law Review

Patentable inventions have often been transformative, but the pace of such innovation has changed exponentially in the last thirty years. The patent law still seeks to reward ingenuity and nowhere should this maxim be truer than in the area of health information technology. But the pace and scope of changes in that arena have made rewarding that ingenuity with a patent increasingly difficult. The courts have struggled to apply patent laws to technology that is new and novel to a fault. This Article seeks to address how it is possible to continue to reward ingenuity in a field where progress …


Gestational Surrogacy Contracts In Tennessee: Freedom Of Contract Concerns & Feminist Principles In The Balance, Jennifer S. White Jan 2015

Gestational Surrogacy Contracts In Tennessee: Freedom Of Contract Concerns & Feminist Principles In The Balance, Jennifer S. White

Belmont Law Review

Drawing upon feminist theory and principles of freedom of contract, this Note proposes a new statutory framework for addressing surrogacy in the state of Tennessee. Part I provides a balanced discussion of why couples choose surrogacy as well as varying types of surrogacy available to individuals. Part II explores the judicial and legislative responses toward surrogacy contracts in the United States and discusses significant surrogacy litigation that continues to shape the public policy arguments surrounding this issue. Part III provides background on Tennessee’s approach to the right to privacy as well as recent surrogacy case law and legislation. Part IV …


Legislating Autism Coverage: The Conservative Insurance Mandate, Lori Shealy Unumb Jan 2015

Legislating Autism Coverage: The Conservative Insurance Mandate, Lori Shealy Unumb

Belmont Law Review

Since 2007, numerous state legislatures have enacted insurance mandates relating to treatment for autism. In the absence of an autism insurance mandate, health insurers typically do not cover “one of the most commonly prescribed therapies” for autism, which is an intensive therapeutic intervention based on Applied Behavior Analysis (commonly called “ABA therapy”). The autism insurance mandates that have swept the nation during the last decade require coverage for ABA therapy and other care that is ordered by a physician and deemed medically necessary to treat autism. This article (1) examines why so many legislatures that traditionally resist insurance mandates embrace …


Restoring The Parameters Of Public Health In A Time Of Hobby Lobby And Ebola: The Case For A Wellness Account, John D. Blum Jan 2015

Restoring The Parameters Of Public Health In A Time Of Hobby Lobby And Ebola: The Case For A Wellness Account, John D. Blum

Belmont Law Review

The genesis of this piece lies in two seemingly unrelated events in law and public health, the governmental response to the Ebola crisis, and the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Burwell v. Hobby Lobby, sparked by religious objections to certain employer mandates under the Affordable Care Act. While this essay focuses on the Burwell v. Hobby Lobby case and not Ebola, its core premise is that health policy is best served when government authorities focus strategies and responses within the parameters of individual and population concern. This piece will propose an alternative approach to women’s health promotion, a wellness account, …


Free Conscience In Decline: The Insignificance Of The Free Exercise Clause And The Role Of The Religious Freedom Restoration Act In The Wake Of Hobby Lobby, John Fahner Jan 2015

Free Conscience In Decline: The Insignificance Of The Free Exercise Clause And The Role Of The Religious Freedom Restoration Act In The Wake Of Hobby Lobby, John Fahner

Belmont Law Review

Unfortunately, the modern Free Exercise Clause doctrine favors a progressive interpretation concerned more with efficiency and practicality than meaningful protection of conscience. Individual liberty of conscience, once present in the American legal understanding of free exercise, is no longer a concern of the First Amendment. A truly panacean remedy requires an introspective look into the foundations of the Free Exercise Clause and a careful evaluation of the justifications for the jurisprudential departure therefrom. To that end, this note seeks to reinforce the importance and historical understanding of the Free Exercise Clause and highlight the incongruities of the modern doctrine in …


Striking A Balance: A Proposed Amendment To The Federal Rules Of Evidence Excluding Partial Apologies, Chandler Farmer Jan 2015

Striking A Balance: A Proposed Amendment To The Federal Rules Of Evidence Excluding Partial Apologies, Chandler Farmer

Belmont Law Review

Regarding evidentiary protection for apologies, this note seeks to strike a balance by advocating for the approach adopted by a majority of states: evidentiary protection for some, but not all apologies. Such an approach, while not perfect, aligns the competing interests of encouraging the legal, psychological, and emotional benefits that accompany apologies with preserving a plaintiff’s right to utilize probative evidence. By way of introduction, section one of this note briefly discusses the current legal treatment of apologies in United States jurisdictions. Section two compares the advantages of excluding apologetic statements from evidence with the disadvantages of such evidentiary protection …