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Constitutional Law

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Full-Text Articles in Legal Remedies

The Scope Of 'High Crimes And Misdemeanors' After The Impeachment Of President Clinton, Neil J. Kinkopf Jan 2000

The Scope Of 'High Crimes And Misdemeanors' After The Impeachment Of President Clinton, Neil J. Kinkopf

Faculty Publications By Year

Constitutional theorists have begun focusing a great deal of attention on constitutionalism outside the judiciary. As Professor Neal Katyal points out in his insightful paper, the impeachment and trial of President Clinton provide an outstanding opportunity to reflect upon the practice of constitutionalism outside the courts. During these episodes, the House of Representatives and the Senate confronted numerous constitutional questions, but rarely resolved them on the basis of an identifiable construction of the Constitution's meaning. There is, however, at least one important question of constitutional interpretation that the House of Representatives must be understood to have resolved: the scope of …


The Standing Of The United States: How Criminal Prosecutions Show That Standing Doctrine Is Looking For Answers In All The Wrong Places, Edward A. Hartnett Jun 1999

The Standing Of The United States: How Criminal Prosecutions Show That Standing Doctrine Is Looking For Answers In All The Wrong Places, Edward A. Hartnett

Michigan Law Review

The Supreme Court insists that Article III of the Constitution requires a litigant to have standing in order for her request for judicial intervention to constitute a "case" or "controversy" within the jurisdiction of a federal court; it also insists that the "irreducible constitutional minimum" of standing requires (1) that the litigant suffer an "injury in fact"; (2) that the person against whom the judicial intervention is sought have caused the injury; and (3) that the requested judicial intervention redress the injury. The requisite injury in fact, the Court repeatedly declares, must be "personal," "concrete and particularized," and "actual or …


Too Much (Legislation) Is Never Enough: Utilizing A Court's Equity Power To Enjoin Lawful Firearm Sales, 32 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1225 (1999), Edward G. Renner Jan 1999

Too Much (Legislation) Is Never Enough: Utilizing A Court's Equity Power To Enjoin Lawful Firearm Sales, 32 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1225 (1999), Edward G. Renner

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Constitutionality Of Taxing Compensatory Damages For Mental Distress When There Was No Accompanying Physical Injury, Douglas A. Kahn Jan 1999

The Constitutionality Of Taxing Compensatory Damages For Mental Distress When There Was No Accompanying Physical Injury, Douglas A. Kahn

Articles

Since 1919, statutory tax law has excluded from gross income compensatory damages received on account of a personal injury or sickness.1 The current version of that exclusion is set forth in section 104 (a) (2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.2 The construction of that exclusion, both by the courts and by the Commissioner, underwent significant alterations over the 80-year period that the provision has existed.3 The statute itself was amended several times, most recently in 1996.4 It is the 1996 amendment that has raised a constitutional issue concerning the validity of a portion of the statute.5


Constitutional Remedies, Section 1983 And The Common Law, Michael L. Wells Sep 1998

Constitutional Remedies, Section 1983 And The Common Law, Michael L. Wells

Scholarly Works

Constitutional tort law marries the substantive rights granted by the Constitution to the remedial mechanism of tort law. The sweeping language of 42 U.S.C. 1983 provides that "[e]very person who, under color of any [state law] subjects, or causes to be subjected, any [person] to the deprivation of any [constitutional rights] shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress." Constitutional tort suits raise, in a new context, many tort-like remedial questions relating to causation, immunity, and damages--and therein lies a problem. The usual source of answers to …


Full Faith And Credit And The Equity Conflict, Polly J. Price Jan 1998

Full Faith And Credit And The Equity Conflict, Polly J. Price

Faculty Articles

As this Article relates, the current problem with interstate en­forcement of injunctions and other equitable decrees is illustrated by the Court's confusion in Baker. The Court reached the correct result in the case before it, but the basic problems of "equity con­flict" remain unresolved. Both the Court's opinion and the two con­currences were unsatisfactory because the Court failed to address the key underlying issue of whether or to what extent courts may rely on state law to enjoin extraterritorial conduct. Had the Court focused on this issue, I argue, it could have based its decision upon a more appealing rationale. …


Early Patent Publication: A Boon Or Bane? A Discussion On The Legal And Economic Effects Of Publishing Patent Applications After 18 Months Of Filing, John F. Duffy, Hayden Gregory, Robert Rines, Herbert Wamsley, Douglas Wyatt Jan 1998

Early Patent Publication: A Boon Or Bane? A Discussion On The Legal And Economic Effects Of Publishing Patent Applications After 18 Months Of Filing, John F. Duffy, Hayden Gregory, Robert Rines, Herbert Wamsley, Douglas Wyatt

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Liability For Uncertainty: Making Evidential Damage Actionable, Ariel Porat, Alex Stein Jul 1997

Liability For Uncertainty: Making Evidential Damage Actionable, Ariel Porat, Alex Stein

Cardozo Law Review

Because factual uncertainty distorts the allocation of civil liability, this Article argues that the law should impose liability for uncertainty. Justified on both corrective justice and economic efficiency grounds, this liability should be imposed upon any person who negligently aggravates the uncertainty of a civil case by making its evidential base deficient. Because "evidence" belongs to the world of inferences rather than things, evidential damage may be inflicted in a variety of ways, far beyond destruction of documents and other physical tampering with evidence. Through adoption and refinement of this insight, the Article diagnoses the presence of evidential damage …


The Unwelcome Judicial Obligation To Respect Politics In Racial Gerrymandering Remedies, Jeffrey L. Fisher Mar 1997

The Unwelcome Judicial Obligation To Respect Politics In Racial Gerrymandering Remedies, Jeffrey L. Fisher

Michigan Law Review

Like it or not, the attack on "bizarrely" shaped majority-minority electoral districts is now firmly underway. Nearly four years have passed since the Supreme Court first announced in Shaw v. Reno that a state's redistricting plan that is "so extremely irregular on its face that it rationally can be viewed only as an effort to segregate the races for purposes of voting" may violate the Equal Protection Clause. Such a district, the Court held, reinforces racial stereotypes, carries us further from the goal of a political system in which race no longer matters, and "threatens to undermine our system of …


Emphasizing The Constitutional In Constitutional Torts (Symposium On Section 1983), Christina B. Whitman Jan 1997

Emphasizing The Constitutional In Constitutional Torts (Symposium On Section 1983), Christina B. Whitman

Articles

It has been surprisingly difficult to extricate constitutional litigation from torts. In this Article I would like to resist once more' the idea that tort doctrines and tort categories provide a useful model for constitutional decision-making. When it comes to deciding the merits of a constitutional claim, torts is a distraction. That is the case whether torts serves as a positive model for the constitutional cause of action or as an alternative to be shunned. As part of this argument, I also question the claim2 that Monroe v. Pape,3 the 1961 case that opened the door for damages relief under …


Determining Ripeness Of Substantive Due Process Claims Brought By Landowners Against Local Governments, David S. Mendel Nov 1996

Determining Ripeness Of Substantive Due Process Claims Brought By Landowners Against Local Governments, David S. Mendel

Michigan Law Review

Landowners who sustain economic harm from arbitrary and capricious applications of land use regulations may sue the local government entities responsible for applying those regulations under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging that the local government entities deprived them of substantive due process in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment. A landowner who brings this claim - an "as-applied arbitrary and capricious substantive due process" claim - may in appropriate cases seek declaratory and injunctive relief, damages, and attorney's fees. Despite controversy among courts and commentators over both the definition of property interests protected by the Due Process Clause and the standard …


Nahmani V. Nahmani, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal, Dalia Dorner, Eliezer Goldberg, Yaakov Kedmi, Jacob Turkel, Gavriel Bach, Eliahu Mazza, Tova Strasberg-Cohen, Theodor Or, Itzchak Zamir, Aharon Barak Sep 1996

Nahmani V. Nahmani, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal, Dalia Dorner, Eliezer Goldberg, Yaakov Kedmi, Jacob Turkel, Gavriel Bach, Eliahu Mazza, Tova Strasberg-Cohen, Theodor Or, Itzchak Zamir, Aharon Barak

Translated Opinions

Facts: Ruth and Daniel Nahmani, a married couple, were unable to have a child because of an operation that Ruth underwent. They therefore decided to try in-vitro fertilization of Ruth’s ova with Daniel‟s sperm, with a view to implanting the fertilized ova in a surrogate mother. Under Israeli law, surrogacy was not permitted and in-vitro fertilization was only permitted for implantation in the woman from whom the ova were taken. Because of the great expense of the in-vitro fertilization procedure in the United States, the couple petitioned the Supreme Court, sitting as the High Court of Justice, to allow …


Pretrial Publicity In Criminal Cases Of National Notoriety: Constructing A Remedy For The Remediless Wrong, Robert M. Hardaway, Douglas B. Tumminello Jan 1996

Pretrial Publicity In Criminal Cases Of National Notoriety: Constructing A Remedy For The Remediless Wrong, Robert M. Hardaway, Douglas B. Tumminello

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Part I of this Article examines the history of pretrial publicity in American courts and explores the values that the Sixth Amendment seeks to protect. Part II criticizes the Supreme Court's current approach to the pretrial publicity problem. Part III analyzes case studies of nationally notorious trials. Part IV explores remedial measures reasonably calculated to nullify the effects of prejudicial publicity and cases in which a trial judge's omission of those measures constitutes reversible error. Finally, this Article concludes by setting forth a proposed standard that should be applied in order to ensure the defendant's right to a fair trial …


Structures Of Environmental Criminal Enforcement, Michael E. Herz Jan 1996

Structures Of Environmental Criminal Enforcement, Michael E. Herz

Articles

No abstract provided.


Nahmani V. Nahmani, Tova Strasberg-Cohen, Aharon Barak, Dov Levin, Itzchak Zamir, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal Mar 1995

Nahmani V. Nahmani, Tova Strasberg-Cohen, Aharon Barak, Dov Levin, Itzchak Zamir, Tzevi Eliyahu Tal

Translated Opinions

Facts: Ruth and Daniel Nahmani, a married couple, were unable to have a child because of an operation that Ruth underwent. They therefore decided to try in-vitro fertilization of Ruth’s ova with Daniel’s sperm and implanting the fertilized ova in a surrogate mother. Under Israeli law, surrogacy was not permitted and in-vitro fertilization was only permitted for implantation in the mother. Because of the great expense of the in-vitro fertilization procedure in the United States, the couple petitioned the Supreme Court, sitting as the High Court of Justice, to allow the in-vitro fertilization procedure to be conducted in Israel, for …


Constitutional Torts: Combining Diverse Doctrines And Practicality, Thomas A. Eaton, Michael Wells Mar 1995

Constitutional Torts: Combining Diverse Doctrines And Practicality, Thomas A. Eaton, Michael Wells

Scholarly Works

Constitutional Torts is, in part, a response to our sense that the upper level curriculum could be improved by courses that bring together areas of doctrine that are often studied in isolation. We think there is substantial value in bringing together seemingly disparate areas of doctrine that bear on a common real-world problem. Students benefit from learning how to put together concepts from different substantive areas in order to solve problems they will face in practice.


Seqra’S Too Valuable To Trash: A Reply To Stewart Sterk, Philip Weinberg May 1993

Seqra’S Too Valuable To Trash: A Reply To Stewart Sterk, Philip Weinberg

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Hudson V. Mcmillian And Prisoners' Rights: The Court Giveth And The Court Taketh Away, Doretha M. Van Slyke Jan 1993

Hudson V. Mcmillian And Prisoners' Rights: The Court Giveth And The Court Taketh Away, Doretha M. Van Slyke

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


Hudson V. Mcmillian And Prisoners' Rights: The Court Giveth And The Court Taketh Away, Doretha M. Van Slyke Jan 1993

Hudson V. Mcmillian And Prisoners' Rights: The Court Giveth And The Court Taketh Away, Doretha M. Van Slyke

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Bar Against Challenges To Employment Discrimination Consent Decrees: A Public Choice Perspective, John O. Mcginnis Jan 1993

The Bar Against Challenges To Employment Discrimination Consent Decrees: A Public Choice Perspective, John O. Mcginnis

Articles

No abstract provided.


Altruistic Communities And The Responsible Use Of Legal Power, John W. Ragsdale Jr Jan 1992

Altruistic Communities And The Responsible Use Of Legal Power, John W. Ragsdale Jr

Faculty Works

When an animate, conscious body - individual, collective, economic or political - is imbued with a strong central vision or focus, the ongoing actions of the body automatically become coordinated and subordinated to the dictates of that core imagery. When the center is affirmative and qualitative, then the body has a distinct capacity for self-sufficiency, endurance, and equilibrium. If, however, the central focus is negative or linear, then the capacity for internal homeostasis is greatly lessened. A core of fear, anger, or endless material craving can prompt the exercises of power that herein will be called irresponsible. Such exercises of …


Sex, Lies And Videotape: The Pornographer As Censor, Marianne Wesson Jan 1991

Sex, Lies And Videotape: The Pornographer As Censor, Marianne Wesson

Publications

The legal branch of the women's movement, although of one mind on some subjects, is divided on the proper approach to pornography. Some feminists oppose the imposition of any legal burdens on pornography because they fear that feminist speech will be caught in the general suppression, and others believe that any such burdens must violate the first amendment. Professor Wesson suggests that pornography should be defined to include only those materials that equate sexual pleasure with the infliction of violence or pain, and imply approval of conduct that generates the actor's arousal or satisfaction through this infliction. So defined, pornography …


From Parratt To Zinermon: Authorization, Adequacy, And Immunity In A Systematic Analysis Of State Procedure, Daniel S. Feder May 1990

From Parratt To Zinermon: Authorization, Adequacy, And Immunity In A Systematic Analysis Of State Procedure, Daniel S. Feder

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Book Review, Richard B. Collins Jan 1990

Book Review, Richard B. Collins

Publications

No abstract provided.


A Step Towards Fairness In Capital Litigation: Missouri Resource Center, Sean O'Brien Jan 1990

A Step Towards Fairness In Capital Litigation: Missouri Resource Center, Sean O'Brien

Faculty Works

No abstract provided.


The History And Culture Of Affirmative Action, Anthony J. Scanlon May 1988

The History And Culture Of Affirmative Action, Anthony J. Scanlon

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


A Synthesis And Integration Of Supreme Court Precedent Regarding The Regulatory Taking Of Land, John W. Ragsdale Jr Jan 1987

A Synthesis And Integration Of Supreme Court Precedent Regarding The Regulatory Taking Of Land, John W. Ragsdale Jr

Faculty Works

In the post World War II era of rapid land development, emergent environmental problems, and heightened legislative response, the taking clause has proved to be the most pervasive and significant limitation on the power of government over private land usage. The dimensions and implications of this provision and the interpretive Supreme Court opinions have attracted the attention of numerous scholars whose efforts, usually, have been rather critical. The authors have often sought to question the logic, language and premises of fundamental opinions, to warn of the economic, moral and ecological consequences of portended judicial trends, to pose new taking tests …


Orderlies In The Court? A Proposal For The Proper Designation Of Medical Malpractice Claims, Russell S. Schwartzman Dec 1986

Orderlies In The Court? A Proposal For The Proper Designation Of Medical Malpractice Claims, Russell S. Schwartzman

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.


Malley V. Briggs: The Court Offers A Civil Remedy For Fourth Amendment Violations On The Wake Of An Eroding Exclusionary Rule, 19 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1101 (1986), Ellen Keefe-Garner Jan 1986

Malley V. Briggs: The Court Offers A Civil Remedy For Fourth Amendment Violations On The Wake Of An Eroding Exclusionary Rule, 19 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1101 (1986), Ellen Keefe-Garner

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Backing Off Bivens And The Ramifications Of This Retreat For The Vindication Of First Amendment Rights, Joan Steinman Nov 1984

Backing Off Bivens And The Ramifications Of This Retreat For The Vindication Of First Amendment Rights, Joan Steinman

Michigan Law Review

In Part I of this Article, Chappell and Bush are analyzed against the backdrop of the preceding Bivens cases. The analysis explains how these cases presented situations that were similar to one another but unlike any the Supreme Court previously had faced in Bivens cases. It demonstrates how the Court departed from the line of analysis that its previous Bivens cases had established, in a way that makes it more difficult for at least some plaintiffs seeking vindication of their constitutional rights to succeed in having a money damage remedy implied directly under the Constitution. The Article then argues that …