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Articles 631 - 660 of 791

Full-Text Articles in Legal History

Freedom Of Expression In A Pluralistic Society, James W. Nickel Jan 1989

Freedom Of Expression In A Pluralistic Society, James W. Nickel

Articles

No abstract provided.


Summary Of Tokugawa Criminal Justice, Daniel H. Foote Jan 1989

Summary Of Tokugawa Criminal Justice, Daniel H. Foote

Articles

The summary set forth below is derived principally from the late Professor Yoshiro Hiramatsu's-comprehensive study of Tokugawa criminal justice. Hiramatsu's work focusses on the period from the promulgation of the Osadamegaki by the Shogun Yoshimune in 1742 through the end of the Tokugawa era in 1867. (As described by Professor Dan F. Henderson, Conciliation and Japanese Law, Tokugawa and Modern (1965), Vol. 1, at 7, fn. 26, the Osadamegaki, which consisted of two books, constituted "a compilation and rough codification of prior decrees and precedents", and "was the only such official attempt to systematize the law in the Tokugawa period." …


Human Rights And International Relations, Sandip Bhattacharji May 1988

Human Rights And International Relations, Sandip Bhattacharji

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Human Rights and International Relations by R.J. Vincent


Some Aspects Of Householding In The Medieval Icelandic Commonwealth, William I. Miller Jan 1988

Some Aspects Of Householding In The Medieval Icelandic Commonwealth, William I. Miller

Articles

There has been much, mostly inconclusive, discussion about how to define the household in a manner suitable for comparative purposes. Certain conventional criteria are not very useful in the Icelandic context, where it appears that a person could be attached to more than one household, where the laws suggest it was possible for more than one household to be resident in the same uncompartmentalised farmhouse; and where headship might often be shared. Definitions, for example, based on co residence or on commensalism do not jibe all that well with the pastoral transhumance practised by the Icelanders. Sheep were tended and …


Beating Up On Women And Old Men And Other Enormities: A Social Historical Inquiry Into Literary Sources, William I. Miller Jan 1988

Beating Up On Women And Old Men And Other Enormities: A Social Historical Inquiry Into Literary Sources, William I. Miller

Articles

The Icelandic sagas, besides being one of the most impressive literatures existing in any language, preserve detailed accounts of feud and legal action, and describe with intelligence and care the general techniques and strategies of dispute processing. They also contain, incidental to the narrative, information about values and law, marriage and death, householding arrangements and the systems of exchange, naming patterns, and so on, for those who care to coax such information from the texts.


Ordeal In Iceland, William I. Miller Jan 1988

Ordeal In Iceland, William I. Miller

Articles

Ordeal holds a strange fascination with us. It appalls and intrigues. We marvel at the mentality of those cultures that officialize it; we feel a sense of horror as we imagine ourselves intimately involved with boiling water or glowing irons. And we don't feel up to it. So our terror and cowardice becomes their brutality and irrationality. I am not about to urge to reinstitution of ordeals, although most practicing lawyers will tell you that that is still what going to law is, a crapshoot they say. What I want to do is call attention to the difficulty of not …


World Legal History Needs You, David A. Funk Dec 1987

World Legal History Needs You, David A. Funk

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.


Crime And The Courts In England 1660-1800, Frank C. Shaw May 1987

Crime And The Courts In England 1660-1800, Frank C. Shaw

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Crime and the Courts in England 1660-1800 by J.M. Beattie


The Triumph Of Justice, Stephan Landsman May 1987

The Triumph Of Justice, Stephan Landsman

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Affair: The Case of Alfred Dreyfus


Medieval Universities, Germany And The United States: On Comparative Legal Education, Walter Otto Weyrauch May 1987

Medieval Universities, Germany And The United States: On Comparative Legal Education, Walter Otto Weyrauch

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Institutions, Laws And Values Of The Hopi Indians: A Stable State Society, John W. Ragsdale Jr Jan 1987

The Institutions, Laws And Values Of The Hopi Indians: A Stable State Society, John W. Ragsdale Jr

Faculty Works

The Hopi Indians of northeastern Arizona have existed as a stable or steady state society for a thousand years or more, and, even though they have felt the impact of white growth society in this century, they have maintained a greater cultural integrity than any other native people in the United States. This Article examines traditional Hopi values and institutions, especially their law. Hopi thinking and social organization were shaped by a profound reverence for their environment and an equally profound awareness of the constraints it imposed. With its growing sense of a need for balance with the environment, modern …


A History Of Injunctions In England Before 1700, David W. Raack Oct 1986

A History Of Injunctions In England Before 1700, David W. Raack

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Conscience And The Law: The English Criminal Jury, Robert C. Palmer Apr 1986

Conscience And The Law: The English Criminal Jury, Robert C. Palmer

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Verdict According to Conscience by Thomas Andrew Green


Euthanasia For Sale?, A.W. Brian Simpson Apr 1986

Euthanasia For Sale?, A.W. Brian Simpson

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Easing the Passing: The Trial of Dr. John Bodkin Adams by Patrick Devlin


The Trials Of Israel Lipski, Blaine G. Renfert Apr 1986

The Trials Of Israel Lipski, Blaine G. Renfert

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Trials of Israel Lipski by Martin L. Friedland


Origins Of The Common Law (A Three-Part Series) Part Iti: Common Law Under The Early Normans, David A. Thomas Mar 1986

Origins Of The Common Law (A Three-Part Series) Part Iti: Common Law Under The Early Normans, David A. Thomas

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


Gift, Sale, Payment, Raid: Case Studies In The Negotiation And Classification Of Exchange In Medieval Iceland, William I. Miller Jan 1986

Gift, Sale, Payment, Raid: Case Studies In The Negotiation And Classification Of Exchange In Medieval Iceland, William I. Miller

Articles

Near the end of Eyrbyggja saga Porir asks Ospak and his men where they had gotten the goods they were carrying. Ospak said that they had gotten them at Pambardal. "How did you come by them?" said Porir. Ospak answered, "They were not given, they were not paid to me, nor were they sold either." Ospak had earlier that evening raided the house of a farmer called Alf and made away with enough to burden four horses. And this was exactly what he told Porir when he wittily eliminated the other modes of transfer by which he could have acquired …


Dreams, Prophecy And Sorcery: Blaming The Secret Offender In Medieval Iceland, William I. Miller Jan 1986

Dreams, Prophecy And Sorcery: Blaming The Secret Offender In Medieval Iceland, William I. Miller

Articles

An eminent legal historian once noted that the fundamental problem of law enforcement in primitive societies is that of the secret offender. The Icelandic legal and dispute processing systems depended on a wrongdoer publishing his deed, or at least committing it in an open and notorious manner. No state agencies existed to investigate and discover the non-publishing wrongdoer. But there were strong normative inducements to wrong openly; one's name was at stake. There was absolutely no honor in thievery, only the darkest shame; the ransmadr, on the other hand, suffered no shame for his successful raids, even if he did …


Review Of Culture And History In Medieval Iceland, William I. Miller Jan 1986

Review Of Culture And History In Medieval Iceland, William I. Miller

Reviews

It is a common dysfunction of scholars, particularly medieval historians, to fear grand syntheses and all-encompassing explanations. This is less frequently a disease among anthroplogists, and in fact in anthropologists of a structural bent there is no reticence whatsoever, but positive delight in the big, the general, the quasi- and the just plain theoretical. And in the best French tradition they often construct their models per ecartant les faits. Kirsten Hastrup is a structuralist more influenced by Levi-Strauss than Evans-Pritchard; she is also a trained anthropologist. This is both good and bad news. The Icelandic materials are as well suited …


A House Of Lords' Judgment, And Other Tales Of The Absurd, Alan Watson Oct 1985

A House Of Lords' Judgment, And Other Tales Of The Absurd, Alan Watson

Scholarly Works

In this paper I want to look at four approaches to deciding a case in different societies-contemporary England, uncodified civil or 'mixed' law systems (with an example from 17th century Scot-land and another from early 20th century South Africa), 19th century France after codification, 15th century Germany with a glance at 13th and 14th century Spain-where the attempt is made each time to reach the correct decision by applying the mental process thought most appropriate. None of the approaches examined here is result-oriented, and to outsiders, especially to lawyers brought up in a different legal culture, the mental process seems …


Origins Of The Common Law (A Three-Part Series)-Part Ii. Anglo-Saxon Antecedents Of The Common Law, David A. Thomas Sep 1985

Origins Of The Common Law (A Three-Part Series)-Part Ii. Anglo-Saxon Antecedents Of The Common Law, David A. Thomas

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.


Their Litigious Society, A.W. Brian Simpson Feb 1985

Their Litigious Society, A.W. Brian Simpson

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Whilton Dispute, 1264-1380: A Social-Legal Study of Dispute Settlement in Medieval England by Robert C. Palmer


The Well-Ordered Police State: Social And Institutional Change Through Law In The Germanies And Russia, 1600-1800, Michigan Law Review Feb 1985

The Well-Ordered Police State: Social And Institutional Change Through Law In The Germanies And Russia, 1600-1800, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Well-Ordered Police State: Social and Institutional Change Through Law in the Germanies and Russia, 1600-1800 by Marc Raeff


Verdict According To Conscience: Perspectives On The English Criminal Trial Jury 1200-1800, Thomas A. Green Jan 1985

Verdict According To Conscience: Perspectives On The English Criminal Trial Jury 1200-1800, Thomas A. Green

Books

This book treats the history of the English criminal trial jury from its origins to the eve of the Victorian reforms in the criminal law. It consists of eight free-standing essays on important aspects of that history and a conclusion. Each chapter addresses the phenomenon that has come to be known as "jury nullification," the exercise of jury discretion in favor of a defendant whom the jury nonetheless believes to have committed the act with which he is charged. Historically, some instances of nullification reflect the jury's view that the act in question is not unlawful, while in other cases …


English Common Law And Islamic Law In The Middle East And South Asia: Religious Influences And Secularization, Herbert Liebesny Jan 1985

English Common Law And Islamic Law In The Middle East And South Asia: Religious Influences And Secularization, Herbert Liebesny

Cleveland State Law Review

In England, during the first half of the seventeenth century a serious conflict having both legal and political implications arose concerning the Royal Prerogative. King James I insisted upon the Royal Prerogative, which placed the King above the law and gave him absolute power. Sir Edward Coke, on his part, argues that the common law was above the King's Prerogative. This led to a violent clash between Coke and the King in November 1608. A general discussion of the further development of common law and of the decisive role of Parliament is beyond the framework of this Article. One aspect, …


Formal Rationality In Islamic Law And The Common Law, John Makdisi Jan 1985

Formal Rationality In Islamic Law And The Common Law, John Makdisi

Cleveland State Law Review

Rationality in a legal system suggests a consistent set of legal propositions as well as methods for modifying, limiting, and expanding the laws which are governed by some type of logical apparatus. It is a desirable characteristic because it furthers one of the primary ends of a legal system: It facilitates social interaction by enabling members of society to calculate the consequences of their conduct. It is not an easy concept to define, however. Rationality may take different forms, more or less formal, more or less innovative. These different forms shall be examined to determine the type of rationality which …


Review Of The Justice Of The Western Consular Courts In Nineteenth Century Japan, Whitmore Gray Jan 1985

Review Of The Justice Of The Western Consular Courts In Nineteenth Century Japan, Whitmore Gray

Reviews

Richard Chang attacks the generalization accepted by many historians that the Western consular tribunals in nineteenth-century Japan were so partial- toward West- erners and against Japanese-that they seldom rendered evenhanded justice. His study required two steps. First he tried to determine how many "mixed" cases came to trial-cases in which aJapanese brought a claim against a foreign resident in a consular court or was the complaining party in criminal proceedings against a foreigner. Between 1875 and 1895 there were five such cases that were widely reported and commented on at the time, and that have often been cited as examples. …


The Guilds Of Law In Medieval Legal History: An Inquiry Into The Origins Of The Inns Of Court, George Makdisi Jan 1985

The Guilds Of Law In Medieval Legal History: An Inquiry Into The Origins Of The Inns Of Court, George Makdisi

Cleveland State Law Review

Medieval England presents the student of legal history with a number of interesting peculiarities. Among these are the common law and the schools where it was taught, the Inns of Court. English law was the only native law in medieval Europe, functioning distinctly from both civil and canon law. It was judge-made, and followed the case-law method peculiar to it, distinct from the codification system of civil and canon law. Its schools, the Inns of Court, were, in Christendom, the only law schools of their kind that came out of the Middle Ages into modern times. These and other features …


The Logic Of Legal Reasoning In Religious And Non-Religious Cultures: The Case Of Islamic Law And The Common Law, Wael B. Hallaq Jan 1985

The Logic Of Legal Reasoning In Religious And Non-Religious Cultures: The Case Of Islamic Law And The Common Law, Wael B. Hallaq

Cleveland State Law Review

It is only reasonable to assume that dissimilar legal systems possess dissimilar patterns of legal reasoning. Inasmuch as two legal systems differ in their structure and function, they also differ in the types of arguments they employ in their service. It may well be argued that law is, in the final analysis, the product of the premises and methods from and through which it is derived. Two such legal systems which display a vast difference in their overall structure and function are Islamic law and the common law. This paper proposes to shed some light on the logic of legal …


Introduction, John Makdisi Jan 1985

Introduction, John Makdisi

Cleveland State Law Review

No abstract provided.