Law Enforcement and Corrections Commons^™

"Trapped" In Sing Sing: Transgendered Prisoners Caught In The Gender Binarism, Darren Rosenblum

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

This Article first summarizes gender, transgendered identity, and legal issues facing transgendered people to contextualize the lives of transgendered prisoners. Parts II and III explore respectively the placement and treatment issues that complicate the incarceration of the transgendered. Corrections authorities, through indifference or incompetence, foster a shockingly inhumane daily existence for transgendered prisoners. In Part V, I examine the plight of transgendered prisoners through the metaphor of the miners' canary. Transgendered prisoners signal the grave dangers facing all of us in a wide array of social structures, elucidating the apparently intractable problems of gender. This Article simultaneously explores a human …

"Trapped" In Sing Sing: Transgendered Prisoners Caught In The Gender Binarism, Darren Rosenblum

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article first summarizes gender, transgendered identity, and legal issues facing transgendered people to contextualize the lives of transgendered prisoners. Parts II and III explore respectively the placement and treatment issues that complicate the incarceration of the transgendered. Corrections authorities, through indifference or incompetence, foster a shockingly inhumane daily existence for transgendered prisoners. In Part V, I examine the plight of transgendered prisoners through the metaphor of the miners' canary. Transgendered prisoners signal the grave dangers facing all of us in a wide array of social structures, elucidating the apparently intractable problems of gender. This Article simultaneously explores a human …

"Trapped" In Sing Sing: Transgendered Prisoners Caught In The Gender Binarism, Darren Rosenblum

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

A transgendered woman, who has undergone extensive hormonal therapy and cosmetic surgery, is convicted and imprisoned. Because she still has a penis, albeit a nonfunctioning one, prison officials categorize her as a male, and place her in a men's prison. "You were born a boy, and you're going to stay a boy," the prison doctor says, rejecting continuation of her long-term estrogen treatment. Her body begins to regain the masculinity she had largely escaped. Bruised by the changes, her body no longer feels like her own, but one imposed on her by the criminal justice system. Her femininity stands …

Beyond The Hero Judge: Institutional Reform Litigation As Litigation, Margo Schlanger

Reviews

In 1955, in its second decision in Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court suggested that federal courts might be called upon to engage in long-term oversight of once-segregated schools. Through the 1960s, southern resistance pushed federal district and appellate judges to turn that possibility into a reality. The impact of this saga on litigation practice extended beyond school desegregation, and even beyond the struggle for African-American equality; through implementation of Brown, the nation’s litigants, lawyers, and judges grew accustomed both to issuance of permanent injunctions against state and local public institutions, and to extended court oversight of compliance. …

The New American Caste System: The Supreme Court And Discrimination Among Civil Rights Plaintiffs, Melissa L. Koehn

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Fifteen percent of the decisions issued by the Supreme Court during its 1996-97 Term centered around section 1983. Section 1983 provides civil rights plaintiffs with a procedural mechanism for vindicating their federally protected rights, including those enshrined in the Constitution. The Court's decisions from its 1996-97 Term reflect a continuation of the alarming trend that has permeated section 1983 for the last two decades-a movement to decrease the scope of section 1983, regardless of the impact on constitutional rights. The Supreme Court appears to be creating a hierarchy both of constitutional rights and of plaintiffs: free speech and takings claims …

Section 1983 Litigation, Martin A. Schwartz

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Incorporating The Suspension Clause: Is There A Constitutional Right To Federal Habeas Corpus For State Prisoners?, Jordan Steiker

Michigan Law Review

In the early 1960s, the Supreme Court adopted generous standards governing federal habeas petitions by state prisoners. At that time, the Court suggested, rather surprisingly, that its solicitude toward such petitions might be constitutionally mandated by the Suspension Clause, the only provision in the Constitution that explicitly refers to the "Writ of Habeas Corpus." Now, thirty years later, the Court has essentially overruled those expansive rulings, and Congress has considered, though not yet enacted, further limitations on the availability of the writ. Despite these significant assaults on the habeas forum, the constitutional argument appears to have been entirely abandoned. The …

Lawyers At The Prison Gates: Organizational Structure And Corrections Advocacy, Susan P. Sturm

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article attempts to fill the gaps in the discussion of public interest advocacy by exploring the roles of various legal organizations in providing representation to inmates challenging the conditions and practices in prisons, jails, and juvenile justice institutions. It is an outgrowth of a study conducted for the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation on the extent and quality of representation in corrections litigation. It puts forward an organizational change model of public interest advocacy as the most promising strategy for legal representation in the corrections area. It then identifies the major organizational providers of representation, assesses where they fall on …

Guilt: Henry Friendly Meets The Maharal Of Prague, Irene Merker Rosenberg, Yale L. Rosenberg

Michigan Law Review

So while the overnight deliberation rule is at least partially bound up with the question of reliability and relates to the judicial process itself, the broader and more fundamental issue raised by this law is whether we should free the guilty to preserve a value that we deem necessary to proper working of the criminal justice process, regardless of the culpability of individual defendants. To this Judge Friendly's answer is generally no, 113 and the MaHaRaL's is yes.

A Board Does Not A Bench Make: Denying Quasi-Judicial Immunity To Parole Board Members In Section 1983 Damages Actions, Julio A. Thompson

Michigan Law Review

This Note argues that neither the majority nor the minority approach is realistic. A thorough examination of the parole process and section 1983 litigation will show that a third approach is more appropriate - that parole board members are entitled only to qualified immunity for all actions taken within the scope of their official duties. Part I argues that parole board members should not enjoy absolute, quasi-judicial immunity because the parole board decisionmaking process is not "functionally comparable" to judicial decisionmaking. The differences in procedure, political accountability, training, and background lead to two very different systems. Part II shows that …

Crain V. Bordenkircher: Prison Reform In The Eighties--An Impossible Dream, Deborah Jean Saladini

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Corrections In Crisis : Report Of The Governor's Blue Ribbon Commission On Corrections, Maine Governor's Blue Ribbon Commission On Corrections

Maine Collection

Corrections In Crisis : Report of the Governor's Blue Ribbon Commission on Corrections.

Augusta, Me., The Commission, December 1985

"This Commission was funded through the 1984 Appropriations Act, P.L. 1983, Ch. 824, Pt. A."

Contents: Preamble / Summary of Recommendations / Community Corrections Recommendations / Sentencing Recommendations / Correctional Management Recommendations / Selected Legislative Issues / Conclusion

Mcfeeley V. The United Kingdom: Death Knell For Prisoners Of The Maze

Antioch Law Journal

In McFeeley v. The United Kingdom, seven prisoners in the H-Block cells of Northern Ireland's Maze Prison filed an application against the government of the United Kingdom, hoping to attain political prisoner status under Article 9 of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter the Convention).I The seven prisoners also alleged violations of Articles 3, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 and 14 of the Convention. 2 The European Commission of Human Rights (hereinafter the Com- mission) declared most of the application inadmissible. The Commission found that granting special status to the prisoners was …

A Review Of Prisoners' Rights Under The First, Fifth, And Eighth Amendments, Judith Ann Mackarey

Duquesne Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Prison And A Prisoner: The Provincial's View, Emily Calhoun

Michigan Law Review

A Review of A Prison and a Prisoner by Susan Sheehan

Changed Society, Changing Law, Hence Unstable Prisons, Daniel Glaser

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Stateville: The Penitentiary in Mass Society by James B. Jacobs

Constitutional Law - Parole Revocation Hearings - Due Process Does Not Require That Federal Parolee Subsequently Convicted And Incarcerated For State Offense Be Given Immediate Parole Revocation Hearing, Charles F. Weyl

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

A Prison And A Prisoner: The Provincial's View, Emily Calhoun

Publications

No abstract provided.

Crime, Punishment And Responsibility, T. Brian Hogan

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

The Decline Of The Rehabilitative Ideal In American Criminal Justice, Francis A. Allen

Cleveland State Law Review

At this point I am going to advance a proposition. It is an analytic proposition, not an empirical statement, and relates to what characteristics a society must possess in order to maintain a flourishing rehabilitative ideal. Then I shall try to test that proposition by looking at two very different societies in which the rehabilitative ideal flourished. Finally, I shall ask whether those conditions are satisfied in modem America. My proposition is in two parts. First, you cannot have a flourishing rehabilitative ideal unless the society as a whole has a strong faith in the malleability of human behavior and …

Federalism, State Prison Reform, And Evolving Standards Of Human Decency: On Guessing, Stressing, And Redressing Constitutional Rights, Ira P. Robbins

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Punitive Conditions Of Prison Confinement: An Analysis Of Pugh V. Locke And Federal Court Supervision Of State Penal Administration Under The Eighth Amendment, Ira P. Robbins, Michael B. Buser

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Prisoner's Rights--The Need For An Inmate Grievance Commission In West Virginia, Thomas W. Kupec

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Criminal Procedure--Recidivism--Constitutionality Of The West Virginia Recidivist Statute, Cynthia L. Turco

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Minimum Wages For Prisoners: Legal Obstacles And Suggested Reforms, James J. Maiwurm, Wendy S. Maiwurm

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The growing literature on prisoners' rights has not yet focused on inmates' demands for minimum wages and the justification for such demands. This article explains why statutory minimum wage coverage should be extended to inmates, discusses the judicial treatment of prison labor and the minimum wage question, advocates adoption of legislation now pending in Congress, and suggests further legislative reform necessary to implement the minimum wage proposal. Many conditions in our prison system are undoubtedly more harmful and degrading than lack of meaningful wages. This article focuses on only one feasible reform, not on the priorities of prison reform in …

The Parole Board's Duty Of Self-Regulation, John P. Quinn

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This article examines the Michigan Parole Board in terms of its structure, mode of operation, and certain legal issues raised by its procedures. The note argues that the Board's and the legislature's concept of professional, scientific decision-making is not an adequate substitute for the checks and balances which confine and control the discretion of other governmental agencies, and furthermore, that this concept is inconsistent with both the letter and spirit of the Michigan Administrative Procedures Act (MAPA or Act). Thereafter, an approach is suggested by which the Act can be used as a tool to legitimate and rationalize Parole Board …

Unconstitutional Uncertainty: A Study Of The Use Of Detainers, Donald E. Shelton

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The question is why a prosecutor would go through the motions of asking a warden to notify him of the availability of a prisoner that he never intends to take into custody. The first answer is that it is common practice for many prosecutors to automatically file a detainer upon learning that an accused is imprisoned elsewhere. This decision is made without any regard to their eventual decision to prosecute. But the more basic answer, and the reason why this practice of automatic filing of detainers has developed, lies in the effects a detainer has upon the prisoner.

The New Scope Of Federal Habeas Corpus For State Prisoners, Willard D. Lorensen

West Virginia Law Review

The year 1963 may be marked as another milestone in the evolution of the federal writ of habeas corpus. Two recent decisions of the United States Supreme Court have resolved with long needed clarity two threshold problems that face a district court when application for the writ comes from a state prisoner: (1) what issues may be raised and (2) what effect is to be given previous state court consideration of these same issues. Though storms of protest resounded a decade ago about abuse of the writ, the habeas corpus scene in more recent years has been relatively quiet. While …

Capital Punishment: The Moral Issue, Orvill C. Snyder

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Consecutive And Concurrent Sentences--A Comment, J. Alexander Creasey

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.