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Civil Juries And Complex Cases: Let's Not Rush To Judgment, Richard O. Lempert

Michigan Law Review

When a fundamental constitutional right is at issue, it is admittedly difficult for the Court to treat the lower courts as laboratories. But if the constitutional right turns on empirical questions, it is better to wait for knowledge than to rush toward a judgment that may later be shown to have vitiated an important right across all circuits. If the Court feels compelled to resolve the conflict, the better decision - if empirical issues are seen as central - is to sustain the right to jury trial regardless of complexity. Sustaining that right will allow courts and researchers to collect …

Comparison Evidence In Obscenity Trials, Marguerite Munson Lentz

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article critiques the approach endorsed in Hamling, particularly regarding the Court's failure to consider how the presentation of proof in an obscenity trial affects the defendant's constitutional rights. The Article urges that relevant comparison evidence should be admissible despite the risk of confusion or the opportunity to present expert testimony, and furthermore, that a court should be required to make explicit its findings regarding the relevancy of comparison evidence. Part I of the Article demonstrates the constitutional significance to the obscenity defendant of evidence, particularly comparison exhibits, bearing on prevailing community standards. Part II considers the assessment of …

Desert And Deterrence: An Assessment Of The Moral Bases Of The Case For Capital Punishment, Richard O. Lempert

Michigan Law Review

The controversy over the death penalty has generated arguments of two types. The first argument appeals to moral intuitions; the second concerns deterrence. Although both types of argument speak to the morality of systems of capital punishment, the first debate has been dominated by moral philosophers and the second by empirical social scientists. For convenience I shall at times refer to the approach of the moral philosophers as the moral case for (or against) capital punishment or as the argument from morality.

Public School Meltdown, Stephen Arons

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Education by Choice: The Case for Family Control by John Coons and Stephen Sugarman

Social Research And The Use Of Medieval Criminal Records, Edward Powell

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Society and Homicide in Thirteenth-Century England by James Buchanan Given, and Crime and Conflict in English Communities, 1300-1348 by Barbara A. Hanawalt

Where Two Worlds Meet: A Time For Reassessment In The Anthropology Of Law, Simon Roberts

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Disputes and Negotiations: A Cross-Cultural Perspective by P.H. Gulliver, and The Disputing Process--Law In ten Societies edited by Laura Nader and Harry F. Todd Jr., and The Imposition of Law edited by Sandra B. Burman and Barbara E. Harrell-Bond

Organizing The Ethnography Of Negotiations, William L.F. Felstiner

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Disputes and Negotiations: A Cross-Cultural Perspective by P.H. Gulliver

Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas Of The Individual In Public Services, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Street-Level Bureaucracy: Dilemmas of the Individual in Public Services by Michael Lipsky

Lawyers And The Pursuit Of Legal Rights, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Lawyers and the Pursuit of Legal Rights by Joel F. Handler, Ellen Jane Hollingsworth and Howard S. Erlanger

City Zoning: The Once And Future Frontier, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of City Zoning: The Once and Future Frontier by Clifford L. Weaver and Richard F. Babcock

Apartheid In America: A Historical And Legal Analysis Of Contemporary Racial Segregation In The United States, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Apartheid in America: A Historical and Legal Analysis of Contemporary Racial Segregation in the United States by James A. Kushner

The Inauguration Of Criminology Annuals, David F. Greenberg

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Crime and Justice: An Annual Review of Research, vol. 1 edited by Norval Morris and Michael Tonry, and Criminology Review Yearbook, Vol. 2 edited by Egon Bittner and Sheldon L. Messinger

Two Theories Of Criminal Justice, Alsen D. Miller

Michigan Law Review

A Review of A Theory of Criminal Justice by Jan Gorecki, and A Theory of Criminal Justice by Hyman Gross

Preface, Journal Of Law Reform

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Special Issue of the Journal of Law Reform explores the relationship between law and a troubled United States economy. Persistent inflation, declining productivity, plant closings in basic industries, and a host of other economic ills have forced the legal system to respond in at least two fundamental ways. First, the law has been called upon to solve economic crises. Wage-price controls and aggressive antitrust enforcement present two examples of this more activist role. Secondly, the law has had to adapt to a fluctuating economic landscape. In areas such as antitrust, pension, and bankruptcy law, courts and legislatures have had …

The Social And Political Challenge Of Inflation: An Economist's View, Harold T. Shapiro

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Special Issue of the Journal of Law Reform has been nourished, at least in an emotional sense, by this same concern. The editors of the Journal apparently share the widespread frustration regarding what seem to increasing numbers of citizens as the largely intractable nature of the country's current economic ills. There is a certain apprehension that we may not be able to develop solutions to our lagging productivity, to our continuing inflation and unemployment, to our energy "problem," or to a host of other "economic" issues currently outstanding on the national agenda: unemployment of young people and minorities, environmental …

A "Humanitarian" Approach To Individual Injury, Christina B. Whitman

Reviews

Individual injury law was once an important arena for the definition of shared values. It has increasingly become the domain of various species of systems analysts who measure legal results against external norms defined by such disciplines as economics. Although legal scholars continue to use the expectations and beliefs of ordinary men and women in fashioning rules for the redress of constitutional injuries, common-law scholars have become less willing to ground legal principles in moral consensus. There are notable exceptions. Among these is Professor Marshall Shapo, who, in two recent works, attempts to develop a legal analysis of injury that …

"No Soul To Damn: No Body To Kick": An Unscandalized Inquiry Into The Problem Of Corporate Punishment, John C. Coffee Jr.

Michigan Law Review

Because this Article's arguments are interwoven, a preliminary roadmap seems advisable. First, Section I will examine three perspectives on corporate punishment and will develop several concepts in terms of which corporate penalties should be evaluated. Although this analysis will suggest several barriers to effective corporate deterrence, Section II will explain why a sensible approach to corporate misbehavior still must punish the firm as well as the individual decision- maker. Section III will then evaluate three proposed approaches: (1) the "equity fine,'' (2) the use of adverse publicity, and (3) the fuller integration of public and private enforcement. In addition, it …

Black English And Equal Educational Opportunity, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

There is a danger that the King case will be misunderstood. The press has sometimes portrayed it as a vindication of the right to use black English in the classroom rather than of the educational opportunities of the children who speak it, and the King opinion itself is at times confusing. This Note clarifies the meaning of King and section 1703(f) by examining four critical steps in Judge Joiner's reasoning. Section I examines the court's holding that "language barriers" under section l 703(f) include impediments to equal educational opportunity arising from dialect differences, and concludes that although the court's argument …

Social Investing And The Law Of Trusts, John H. Langbein, Richard A. Posner

Michigan Law Review

In Part I, after presenting a brief primer on the economics of securities markets, we analyze the economic and policy issues presented by social investing. We conclude that the usual forms of social investing involve a combination of reduced diversification and higher administrative costs not offset by net consumption gains to the investment beneficiaries. Social investing may therefore be economically unsound even though there is no reason to expect a portfolio constructed in accordance with the usual principles of social investment to yield a below-average rate of return - provided that administrative costs are ignored.

Part II relates our policy …

Society And Legal Change, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Book Notice about Society and Legal Change by Alan Watson

Reforming The Federal Grand Jury And The State Preliminary Hearing To Prevent Conviction Without Adjudication, Peter Arenella

Michigan Law Review

It is this Article's thesis that the substitution of plea-bargaining for the criminal trial as our primary method for determining legal guilt requires a fundamental reassessment of our pretrial screening processes. In a system where the prosecutor's decision to file charges is usually followed by a negotiated guilty plea, we can no longer pretend that the pretrial process does not adjudicate the defendant's guilt. Accordingly, this Article argues that it no longer makes sense to rely primarily on the trial to safeguard essential accusatorial principles when pretrial screening devices like the preliminary hearing and the grand jury perform the only …

Program From The Twenty-Fifth William W. Cook Lectures, University Of Michigan Law School

Cook Lecture Materials

The program from the twenty-fifth William W. Cook lectures, held January 22-24, 1980, at the University of Michigan. The lecture series was "The 'Third' Revolution-- and Its Consequences" by Daniel Bell.

Program From The Thirtieth Thomas M. Cooley Lectures, University Of Michigan Law School

Cooley Lecture Materials

The program from the thirtieth Thomas M. Cooley lectures, held October 21-23, 1980, at the University of Michigan Law School. The lecture series was "The Changing Legal World of Adolescence" by Franklin E. Zimring.

Abortion And The Presidential Election Of 1976: A Multivariate Analysis Of Voting Behavior, Maris A. Vinovskis

Michigan Law Review

Despite the widespread public interest in the role of the abortion controversy in American politics today, no one has attempted to analyze systematically its impact on the electorate. Some national opinion surveys have asked voters whether or not they would be influenced by a candidate's position on abortion, but they have not attempted to ascertain its relative importance, compared to other considerations, in the final deliberations of the electorate. In an effort to provide a more systematic study of the role of abortion in American politics today, this Article analyzes the campaign to elect the President of the United States …

The Juridical Status Of The Fetus: A Proposal For Legal Protection Of The Unborn, Patricia A. King

Michigan Law Review

What claims to protection can be asserted by a human fetus? That question, familiar to philosophy and religion, has long haunted law as well. While the philosophical and theological issues remain unresolved, and are perhaps unresolvable, I believe that we can no longer avoid some resolution of the legal status of the fetus. The potential benefits of fetal research, the ability to fertilize the human ovum in a laboratory dish, and the increasing awareness that a mother's activities during pregnancy may affect the health of her offspring create pressing policy issues that raise possible conflicts among fetuses, mothers, and researchers. …

Public Support For Pro-Choice Abortion Policies In The Nation And States: Changes And Stability After The Roe And Doe Decisions, Eric M. Uslaner, Ronald E. Weber

Michigan Law Review

"The Supreme Court," according to the legendary Mr. Dooley, "follows the election returns." In 1973, the Court's two landmark decisions, Roe v. Wade and Doe v. Bolton, struck down statutes in the forty-six states where abortions were not permitted under any circumstances or were allowed only to save the life of the woman during the first three months of pregnancy. There had been a considerable increase in the level of support for the pro-choice position among the public in the few years preceding Roe and Doe. But did the decisions themselves lead to even more public support for …

Trials Without End: Some Comments And Reviews On The Sacco-Vanzetti, Rosenberg, And Hiss Cases, Terry A. Cooney

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Porter: The Never-Ending Wrong, and Meeropol & Meeropol: We Are Your Sons: The Legacy of Ethel and Julius Rosenberg, and Weinstein:Perjury: The Hiss-Chambers Case

Private Standing And Public Values, Michael Boudin

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Legal Identity: The Coming of Age of Public Law by Joseph Vining

The Matrix Of Professionalization: Three Recent Interpretations, Alan Creutz

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The culture of Professionalism: The Middle Class and the Development of Higher Education in America by Buron J. Bledstein, and The Emergence of Professional Social Science: The American Social Science Association and the Nineteenth-Century Crisis of Authority by Thomas L. Haskell, and The Rise of Professionalism: A Sociological Analysis by Magali Sarfatti Larson

The Engineers In The Price System, Alfred A. Desimone Jr.

Michigan Law Review

A Review of America by Design: Science, Technology, and the Rise of Corporate Capitalism by David F. Noble