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Articles 31 - 60 of 951
Full-Text Articles in Law and Race
Unsettling Settled Science: The Perils Of And Rationale Behind Blind Faith In Forensic Evidence, Jaclyn Marra
Unsettling Settled Science: The Perils Of And Rationale Behind Blind Faith In Forensic Evidence, Jaclyn Marra
University of Miami Race & Social Justice Law Review
Science—a seemingly compelling and infallible adjudicative element—plays a pivotal role in criminal trials, serving as a cornerstone for evidence interpretation and decision-making. However, the perceived infallibility of scientific evidence often masks its inherent limitations and vulnerabilities. Forensic methods, widely regarded as objective and precise, can suffer from a plethora of inconspicuous constraints—including flawed methodologies, human error, and biases—which undermine their reliability. The American public and legal system frequently place undue trust in forensic evidence and experts, influenced by portrayals of their certainty in media and popular culture. This phenomenon has been referred to as the “Reverse CSI Effect.” This note …
The Case Of Antonio Beaver, Logan D. Barron
The Case Of Antonio Beaver, Logan D. Barron
SACAD: Scholarly Activities
The case of Antonio Beaver, a 31-year-old African American man that was affected by the collapse of the suspects identification by the detectives with the composite sketch, the Eyewitness Misidentification, and the lack of fingerprint and DNA identification technology. Antonio Beaver was convicted of First-degree Robbery in 1997 and was in Missouri prisons until 2007 when he was exonerated by DNA and fingerprint evidence, that was taken from crime scene.
(Mis)Judging Suspicion, Sherri Lee Keene
(Mis)Judging Suspicion, Sherri Lee Keene
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Twenty-five years ago, the Supreme Court decided Illinois v. Wardlow, a Fourth Amendment case that allowed the high-crime nature of a location to be considered in determinations of whether there was reasonable suspicion to support a police stop. In making these determinations, courts rarely acknowledge the role that race can play in decisions that factor in the nature of a location as context. Yet even when the race of a defendant is not mentioned, high-crime area designations can act as a proxy for race inviting racial bias into courts’ analyses. Reasonable suspicion analysis involves the interpretation of a suspect’s …
Lessons Learned From Global Responses To Criminal Abortion Laws, Cynthia Soohoo
Lessons Learned From Global Responses To Criminal Abortion Laws, Cynthia Soohoo
Fordham Law Review Online
No abstract provided.
Combating The Colorblind Courtroom: Using Race-Switching To Make Racial Bias Salient, Cynthia Lee
Combating The Colorblind Courtroom: Using Race-Switching To Make Racial Bias Salient, Cynthia Lee
Brooklyn Law Review
In criminal courtrooms across the country, well-meaning judges insist on running colorblind courtrooms — courtrooms in which the attorneys are not allowed to call attention to race. Many judges, including many US Supreme Court justices, believe it is best to ignore racial difference, and that noticing race will encourage racial discrimination. The problem is that colorblind courtrooms are likely to exacerbate, not ameliorate, implicit racial bias. Decades of social science research have demonstrated that making race salient helps decision makers treat similarly situated individuals of different races the same and that not calling attention to race results in decisionmakers treating …
Lost And Found, Katherine M. Houlden
Lost And Found, Katherine M. Houlden
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
Home Of The Brave, Land Of The Free: The Star-Spangled Banner's Contested History, Michael H. Hoffheimer
Home Of The Brave, Land Of The Free: The Star-Spangled Banner's Contested History, Michael H. Hoffheimer
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
Pearl's Perfect Last Will - Crushed By Infantilism Bias, Edward F. Fogarty Mr
Pearl's Perfect Last Will - Crushed By Infantilism Bias, Edward F. Fogarty Mr
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
Dangerous Or Neglected, Amanda Landaverde
Dangerous Or Neglected, Amanda Landaverde
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
The Call To Action, And My Reluctant Answer, Audrey R. Svane
The Call To Action, And My Reluctant Answer, Audrey R. Svane
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
Legacy: Introduction To Issue 2, Nicholas L. Marti
Legacy: Introduction To Issue 2, Nicholas L. Marti
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
Volume 2, Issue 2 Masthead, Njaj Editorial Board
Volume 2, Issue 2 Masthead, Njaj Editorial Board
Nebraska Journal on Advancing Justice
No abstract provided.
Negligent Hiring: Recidivism And Employment With A Criminal Record, Benjamin Pyle
Negligent Hiring: Recidivism And Employment With A Criminal Record, Benjamin Pyle
Northwestern University Law Review
This Article tackles a difficult legal and policy challenge— reducing the impact of criminal records on job applicants’ chances in a manner that does not spur more discrimination—by looking at how another area of law, tort liability, impacts employers’ decision-making. It uses theoretical and empirical methods to study the most common reason employers report being reluctant to hire workers with a criminal record: legal liability generated by the tort of negligent hiring. While the purpose of the tort is ostensibly to protect and make whole those harmed when an employee misbehaves in a foreseeable manner, I show that, in practice, …
Facing State-Created Danger In Facial Recognition Technology, Esha Jain
Facing State-Created Danger In Facial Recognition Technology, Esha Jain
Washington Law Review
When the police wrongfully arrest someone, that person faces distinct harms. Various scholarship, news articles, and studies document that AI-powered facial recognition technology (FRT) disproportionately misidentifies individuals from marginalized racial groups when used irresponsibly. Many of those sources indicate that police reliance on FRT without adequate vetting results in wrongful arrests. Yet law enforcement continues to misuse FRT.
This Comment contends that the 42 U.S.C. § 1983 state-created danger doctrine offers a potential remedy for plaintiffs harmed by police reliance on FRT. To prevail under this doctrine, plaintiffs must prove affirmative conduct, deliberate indifference, and proximate causation. If successful, these …
Contagious Discrimination: Why Race-Blind Justice In Courtrooms Is Not Enough, Yijia Lu, Murat C. Mungan
Contagious Discrimination: Why Race-Blind Justice In Courtrooms Is Not Enough, Yijia Lu, Murat C. Mungan
Faculty Scholarship
Existing theories of discrimination focus on discrimination at the individual, societal, or organizational level. We highlight the importance of the dynamic relationship between different institutional actors who jointly give rise to discriminatory outcomes. This reveals that discrimination can be contagious: discrimination that would otherwise not occur at one institutional level can arise due to discrimination at another institutional level. Therefore, discrimination by some actors can trickle down and create disparate impacts in processes that would otherwise be free of discrimination. This phenomenon, which we term “contagious discrimination,” can manifest itself in various settings such as employment and commercial trade negotiations. …
Outbound Investment Restrictions And International Law’S Challenge, Harlan Grant Cohen
Outbound Investment Restrictions And International Law’S Challenge, Harlan Grant Cohen
Seattle University Law Review
The Outbound Investment Rule, restricting U.S. investment in certain Chinese advanced technology sectors, has largely been portrayed as an incremental measure, a modest extension to fill loopholes in the existing investment screening regime. But while perhaps the logical next step in the securitization of the economy, the Outbound Investment Rule actually reflects a momentous shift in the relationship between governments and business, one playing out in the United States and around the world and worth attention. Unlike traditional investment screening, the Outbound Investment Rule operates like a sanctions regime, designed not to protect the U.S. economy, but to hamper the …
Resilient Dispute Resolution Systems For International Energy Conflicts, Guillermo J. Garcia Sanchez
Resilient Dispute Resolution Systems For International Energy Conflicts, Guillermo J. Garcia Sanchez
Seattle University Law Review
Energy-related conflicts are on the rise, spanning diverse issues such as the impacts of rare mineral mining on local communities, the impacts of sanctions on energy investments due to the Russia-Ukraine war, and the impacts of expanded subsidies on the electric vehicle and solar panel industries. Increasingly, companies, communities, and governments are clashing over the challenges of pursuing disparate and sometimes competing energy policies. This Article argues that dispute resolution mechanisms in the energy investment sector must be fundamentally rethought. Traditional semi-adjudicatory models, which focus on winners and losers, fail to accommodate the complex and multifaceted nature of contemporary energy …
Restricting Data Flows Is A Sign Of Weakness, Nikolas Guggenberger
Restricting Data Flows Is A Sign Of Weakness, Nikolas Guggenberger
Seattle University Law Review
There has been a seismic shift in American attitudes toward the free flow of data across borders. In less than a decade, the United States has transitioned from condemning barriers to digital trade to constructing a digital fortress of its own. It passed legislation requiring TikTok’s parent company to divest its U.S. operations or face a nationwide ban affecting 170 million U.S. users, citing national security concerns about its ties to China and the potential for data surveillance and content manipulation. Upon legal challenge by TikTok on First Amendment grounds, the Supreme Court affirmed the ban’s constitutionality. Recent federal legislation …
Product Nationality And Corporate Identity, Trang (Mae) Nguyen
Product Nationality And Corporate Identity, Trang (Mae) Nguyen
Seattle University Law Review
Global supply chains have long depended on a deceptively technical device: the attribution of a “nationality” to goods. A trade law principle, rules of origin assign products an “economic passport” that governs how they are treated at the border, including what markets they may enter and which tariff rates apply. In recent years, however, product nationality has taken on a new and far more ambitious role. As U.S. trade policy increasingly intersects with national security and human rights policy, policymakers rely on nationality-based measures to police supply chain linkages, curb geopolitical issues, and discipline firms for their links to forced …
Global Supply Chain Resilience In Emerging Technologies: A Case Study Of Bitcoin Mining, Kishanthi Parella, Carla L. Reyes
Global Supply Chain Resilience In Emerging Technologies: A Case Study Of Bitcoin Mining, Kishanthi Parella, Carla L. Reyes
Seattle University Law Review
The United States has put into motion bold plans in critical and emerging technologies to bolster its national and economic security. For example, the federal government created a national bitcoin strategic reserve and a stockpile of other cryptocurrency; while several states have committed to or are considering similar goals. However, the security of these reserves is dependent on two types of supply chains within the Bitcoin mining industry: analogue supply chains, relating to the physical components needed for Bitcoin mining, and data supply chains, relating to the complex and layered logistical network of actors that create input into the software …
A Comparative Study Of Chinese And American Approaches To Shaping International Outer Space Law And Norms, Ariel G. Silverman
A Comparative Study Of Chinese And American Approaches To Shaping International Outer Space Law And Norms, Ariel G. Silverman
Seattle University Law Review
This article explores convergences and divergencies in the United States and PRC’s responses to the stalemate in the United Nations over the future of outer space resource governance. I do so by systematically analyzing these leading space-faring nations’ policy-positions and tactics deployed to shape norms around three substantive areas of outer space resource governance: rights of ownership and scope of utilization of space resources, mechanization of the “benefits sharing” principle, and the rights and responsibilities of the private sector. I theorize that these leading space-faring nations have adopted divergent approaches due to their differing historical relationships with international law and …
Third-Party Funding: Balancing Transparency, National Security, And Access To Justice, Victoria Shannon Sahani
Third-Party Funding: Balancing Transparency, National Security, And Access To Justice, Victoria Shannon Sahani
Seattle University Law Review
Many lawmakers who have recently become aware of the multi-billion-dollar global third-party funding industry are raising new national security concerns that further complicate preexisting, longstanding debates about transparency, disclosure, access to justice, and the best way to regulate third-party funding. In response, this Article briefly asserts three main points relating to the question of how best to regulate third-party funding. First, this Article explains the third-party funding industry, including its global regulatory landscape and how it serves three distinct populations: consumers, businesses, and law firms. Second, this Article explains that third-party funding is one tool that can help expand access …
The Field Of International Business Transactions Law, Kathleen Claussen
The Field Of International Business Transactions Law, Kathleen Claussen
Seattle University Law Review
This Article studies the evolution of the scholarly subfield referred to as the law of “international business transactions” (IBT). It reviews data on academic articles, courses, textbooks and other signifiers of the growth of this research area. Beginning around 1960, scholars began to use the term “international business transactions” and by the 1980s, several law schools were offering a course by that title. A handful of dedicated textbooks soon followed. These data reflect a gradual increase in research on the topic of IBT, particularly in the United States, but also considerable diversity of subject matters covered by those works. The …
Kim Gyeong-Seok And The Origins Of Northeast Asia’S Corporate Accountability Movement For War And Colonialism, Timothy Webster
Kim Gyeong-Seok And The Origins Of Northeast Asia’S Corporate Accountability Movement For War And Colonialism, Timothy Webster
Seattle University Law Review
For the past three decades, a transnational reparations movement has unfolded across Northeast Asia. Hundreds of victims—assisted by attorneys, academics, and activists—seek remedies from Japan for various atrocities committed during World War II, colonialism, and other historical injustices. They press their claims in street protests, legislative hearings, dramatic performances, and other fora. The “comfort women” are the best known of these claimants; their global redress campaign ex-tends from noisy protests outside of Japan’s embassy in Seoul, to mute statues in raucous boroughs of Berlin. More obscure, though larger in number, were the roughly one million Koreans who performed forced labor …
Navigating Compliance In A Geopolitical Era: The Case Of Chinese Multinationals In The United States, Ji Li
Navigating Compliance In A Geopolitical Era: The Case Of Chinese Multinationals In The United States, Ji Li
Seattle University Law Review
This Article examines how Chinese multinational companies (MNCs) approach compliance in the United States amid deepening geo-political rivalry and intensified regulatory scrutiny. Drawing on original survey data, this Article maps variations in compliance structures, staffing, and governance mechanisms across Chinese firms and identifies key determinants such as industry-specific regulatory intensity, listing status, and organizational imprinting from headquarters. The analysis employs a dual institutional framework to explain how compliance systems emerge from the interplay between host-state regulatory demands and home-state institutional legacies, producing hybrid structures that blend local adaptation with headquarters-driven replication. Findings reveal that while certain compliance features—such as committee …
Bad Parenting On Trial: How Gender, Race, And Class Shape Parental Responsibility Prosecutions And Laws For School Shootings, Makayla R. Foust
Bad Parenting On Trial: How Gender, Race, And Class Shape Parental Responsibility Prosecutions And Laws For School Shootings, Makayla R. Foust
Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice
In 2021, James and Jennifer Crumbley became the first parents in the United States to be found guilty of involuntary manslaughter in connection with their son’s school shooting that killed four people and injured multiple others. As school shootings continue to devastate communities across the country, prosecutors are increasingly holding parents criminally liable for their children’s actions. This development raises fundamental questions about justice, accountability, and the limits of criminal liability. While these laws aim to curb gun violence by enforcing parental accountability, they will disproportionately affect marginalized communities, particularly along gender, racial, and socioeconomic lines. As legal precedent expands, …
System Disparities: Racial Criminalization And The Risk Of Coerced And False Confessions In Youth, Cynthia J. Najdowski
System Disparities: Racial Criminalization And The Risk Of Coerced And False Confessions In Youth, Cynthia J. Najdowski
Psychology Faculty Scholarship
Black youth may be even more vulnerable than other youth to admitting to crimes they did not commit in the context of police interrogations. In support, analysis of data from the National Registry of Exonerations indicates that 65% of people who were wrongfully convicted on the basis of false confessions they gave when under 18 years old are Black, whereas only 14% of the U.S. population is Black. In this chapter, I seek to understand the overrepresentation of Black youth in samples of juvenile false confessors by examining the cultural stereotype about Black criminality in relation to both investigators and …
Lost In Translation: How The Criminal Justice System Fails Individuals With Autism, J.Mckenna Harris
Lost In Translation: How The Criminal Justice System Fails Individuals With Autism, J.Mckenna Harris
Master of Arts in Human Services
Adults with autism spectrum disorder face significant challenges throughout the criminal justice system, from initial police contact through incarceration. This capstone examined how the core features of autism, literal language processing, difficulty reading social cues, sensory sensitivities, and executive function deficits, create vulnerabilities that legal professionals frequently misunderstand. The literature review revealed a consistent pattern: behaviors rooted in autism are routinely misinterpreted as signs of guilt, defiance, or lack of remorse. During interrogations, individuals with autism are highly susceptible to false confessions because they struggle with abstract legal language, tend to comply with authority figures, and cannot predict the consequences …