Law and Psychology Commons^™

The Dialogue Of The Heart And Head, Lynne Henderson

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Better Trials Through Science: A Defense Of Psychologist-Lawyer Collaboration, J. Alexander Tanford, Sarah Tanford

Articles by Maurer Faculty

A concern of some legal commentators is that lawyers may use psychological persuasion techniques to gain an unfair advantage over their courtroom opponents and subvert the justice system. In this Article, the Tanfords respond to an earlier Article in which Professor Victor Gold raised such concerns. The Tanfords argue that commentators like Gold misunderstand jury behavior and trial process, exaggerating the negative impact of lawyers aided by psychologists. To the contrary, lawyer/psychologist collaboration improves rational decision making by identifying existing biases and devising strategies to correct them. The Tanfords conclude these benefits outweigh any possible abuse, and no reason exists …

Procedure's Magical Number Three: Psychological Bases For Standards Of Decision, Kevin M. Clermont

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

So many procedural doctrines appear, after research and teaching, to trifurcate. An obvious example is that kind of standard of decision known as the standard of proof: what in theory might have been a continuum of standards divides in practice into the three distinct standards of preponderance of the evidence, clear and convincing evidence, and proof beyond a reasonable doubt. Other examples suggest both that I am not imagining the prominence of three and that more than coincidence is at work.

Part I of this essay describes the role of the number three in procedure, with particular regard to standards …

Legality And Empathy, Lynne N. Henderson

Michigan Law Review

This article rejects the assumption that legality - by which I mean the dominant belief system about the Rule and role of Law - and empathy are mutually exclusive concepts. Failure to recognize the phenomenon of empathy explicitly in legal decisions more generally may result from a fear of the emotional realm as irrational, rather than a rational. It may stem from a belief that the divide between "subject" and "object" is uncrossable. The resistance to empathy may be attributable to the adversarial ideology acquired during law school understanding the adversary is not important unless it serves one's instrumental …

Psychiatric Assistance For Indigent Defendants Pleading Insanity: The Michigan Experience, Paul Zisla

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The federal government and many states already provide psychiatric assistance to indigent defendants pleading insanity. Michigan's statutory scheme for delivering this service presents an opportunity to evaluate an approach that generally favors defendant interests in areas left unresolved by Ake. This Note undertakes that evaluation. Part I summarizes the Ake decision, key problem areas, and the research methodology. Part II describes the Michigan statutory system. Part III evaluates that system using data from interviews with legal and psychiatric practitioners and considers the consequences of Michigan's approach to the issues posed by Ake. The evaluation shows that Michigan's system …

Colorado V. Connelly: The Gratuitous Union Of Voluntariness And State Coercion, 21 J. Marshall L. Rev. 199 (1987), James P. Byrne Jr.

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Medical And Psychotherapy Privileges And Confidentiality: On Giving With One Hand And Removing With The Other, Steven R. Smith

Faculty Scholarship

This Article reviews both the giving and the taking away: the protections afforded to confidentiality by privileges and legal duties, and the way those protections are eroded. The duties of professionals and others to maintain confidences are noted, but testimonial privileges are emphasized. This Article proposes reforms in the way we try to protect confidentiality and suggests that the protection of therapy confidences be dealt with as a coherent whole (privileges and obligations of confidentiality should be dealt with together). Exceptions to privileges should be reduced and narrowed, and federal law should recognize the desirability of a consistent approach to …

Substituted Judgment And The Right To Refuse Shock Treatment In Washington: In Re Schuoler, Gregory S. Marshall

Seattle University Law Review

This Note will first analyze and evaluate two competing decision-making models established in other jurisdictions. The Note will then apply that analysis to Schuoler and critically evaluate that decision. The Note will conclude that while the Washington court follows the more appropriate judicial substituted judgment model, its poor articulation of that model may defeat the purpose of the decision: to protect a mental patient's right to refuse ECT.

Ford V. Wainwright, Statutory Changes And A New Test For Sanity: You Can't Execute Me, I'M Crazy, Steven J. Huff

Cleveland State Law Review

In Ford v. Wainwright, the Supreme Court addressed the issue of whether the Eighth Amendment prohibits the execution of an insane inmate. In answering this query, the Court created a constitutional right not to be executed while incompetent. However, the Ford decision is not only important for its creation of a "new" constitutional right, it also has the potential of nullifying several state statutes in regards to the due process requirements of hearings addressing the issue of insanity at the time of execution. The Ford decision also requires that a new test of sanity be created the test of whether …

The Supreme Court, The Mentally Disabled Criminal Defendant, And Symbolic Values: Random Decisions, Hidden Rationales, Or Doctrinal Abyss?, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Ten Years After: Evolving Mental Health Advocacy And Judicial Trends, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

State Constitutions And Statutes As Sources Of Rights For The Mentally Disabled: The Last Frontier?, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Economic Rights Of The Institutionalized Mentally Disabled, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Foreword: Public Health & The Law—A Symposium Dedicated To Professor William J. Curran, Lawrence O. Gostin

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

This essay serves as the foreword to Public Health & the Law, a symposium dedicated to Professor William J. Curran held in 1987.

During his career, Professor Curran chaired the Harvard School of Public Health Committee on Human Research; he directed the Program in Law and Public Health; and he was co-director of the Harvard Interfaculty Program in Medical Ethics from 1973 to 1980. He was also an advisor to the World Health Organization and spent two sabbatical periods in Europe with WHO organizations. He advised and lectured in countries throughout the world.

At Harvard Law School and at …

The Emerging "Victim Factor" In The Supreme Court's Criminal Jurisprudence: Should Victims' Interests Ever Prevent A Court From Overturning A Conviction And Ordering A Retrial?, Roger A. Pauley

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Incompetent Principals, Competent Third Parties, And The Law Of Agency, Alexander M. Meiklejohn

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Conduct Of Voir Dire: A Psychological Analysis, Valerie P. Hans

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

The voir dire process in jury selection, in which the prospective jurors are questioned about their possible biases in the case, has come under increasing scrutiny in recent years. This article discusses psychological research and its implications for the conduct of the voir dire. The research indicates that individual, sequestered, open-ended questioning on issues directly relevant to the trial is the superior method for uncovering bias in prospective jurors. Furthermore, adversary attorneys appear to have a modest edge over judges in the detection of prejudice. The author notes that these findings must be balanced against other interests served by the …

Mediation: A Comprehensive Guide To Resolving Conflicts Without Litigation, Nancy T. Gardner

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Mediation: A Comprehensive Guide to Resolving Conflicts Without Litigation by Jay Folberg and Alison Taylor

Treatment Refusals For The Critically And Terminally Ill: Proposed Rules For The Family, The Physician, And The State, Stephen A. Newman

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

The Supreme Court, The Mentally Disabled Criminal Defendant, And Symbolic Values: Random Decisions, Hidden Rationales, Or Doctrinal Abyss, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Can Mental Health Professionals Predict Judicial Decisionmaking? Constitutional And Tort Liability Aspects Of The Right Of The Institutionalized Mentally Disabled To Refuse Treatment: On The Cutting Edge, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

State Constitutions And Statutes As Sources Of Rights For The Mentally Disabled: The Last Frontier?, Michael L. Perlin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Victim, Offender, And Situational Characteristics Of Violent Crime, Deborah W. Denno

Faculty Scholarship

The examination of offenses rather than offenders in past research often overlooked the importance of offender characteristics and background. Indeed, a growing body of research suggests that the biological or psychological characteristics of offenders may strongly influence the outcome of particular encounters or future offense behavior. For instance, offenders with poor verbal ability or low school achievement scores may be more prone to repeat confrontational violence, irrespective of the characteristics of the victim or the situation of the offense. Thus, it is important to distinguish between those offenders with short or repeat offense histories, and those offenses which do or …

Are Individuals Bayesian Decision Makers?, W. Kip Viscusi

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

There has been increasing interest in whether normative models of individual choice under uncertainty accord with actual behavior. These concerns have been much greater than in other economic contexts because of the particularly severe demands such decisions place on the rationality of the decision maker. The limitations of these decisions have widespread consequences, as they provide the rationale for many governmental efforts to regulate the risks people face. Here I explore the issues raised by a Bayesian decision framework, focusing particularly on my analyses of worker and consumer behavior.

Historical Truth, Narrative Truth, And Expert Testimony, Marianne Wesson

Washington Law Review

This article examines studies tending to cast doubt on the existence of any special faculty that enables psychoanalytically trained experts to discern the historical truth. It then illustrates, by examining the events at one trial, the distortions in the trial process that can arise when experts do purport to resolve issues of historical truth. Finally, it suggests some solutions to the problems described.

Born To Crime: The Genetic Causes Of Criminal Behavior, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Born to Crime: The Genetic Causes of Criminal Behavior by Lawrence Taylor

A Rational Approach To Responsibility, Christopher Slobogin

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Law and Psychiatry: Rethinking the Relationship by Michael S. Moore

Understanding The Jury With The Help Of Social Science, Stephen Saltzburg

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Inside the Jury by Reid Hastie, Steven Penrod and Nancy Pennington

Job Satisfaction And Job Performance: A Meta-Analysis, Michelle Iaffaldano [Graef], Paul M. Muchinsky

Center on Children, Families, and the Law: Faculty Publications

The assumption that job satisfaction and job performance are related has much intuitive appeal, despite the fact that reviewers of this literature have concluded there is no strong pervasive relation between these two variables. The present meta-analytic study demonstrates that (a) the best estimate of the true population correlation between satisfaction and performance is relatively low (.17); (b) much of the variability in results obtained in previous research has been due to the use of small sample sizes, whereas unreliable measurement of the satisfaction and performance constructs has contributed relatively little to this observed variability in correlations; and (c) nine …

The Sounds Of Silence: Can Post-Miranda Silence Be Used To Rebut An Insanity Defense, Michael L. Perlin

Other Publications

No abstract provided.