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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Law and Philosophy
The Problem Of Extravagant Inferences, Cass Sunstein
The Problem Of Extravagant Inferences, Cass Sunstein
Georgia Law Review
Judges and lawyers sometimes act as if a constitutional or statutory term must, as a matter of semantics, be understood to have a particular meaning, when it could easily be understood to have another meaning, or several other meanings. When judges and lawyers act as if a legal term has a unique semantic meaning, even though it does not, they should be seen to be drawing extravagant inferences. Some constitutional provisions are treated this way; consider the idea that the vesting of executive power in a President of the United States necessarily includes the power to remove, at will, a …
The Expressiveness Of Regulatory Trade-Offs, Benjamin M. Chen
The Expressiveness Of Regulatory Trade-Offs, Benjamin M. Chen
Georgia Law Review
Trade-offs between a sacred value—like human life—
against a secular one—like money—are considered taboo.
People are supposed to be offended by such trade-offs and to
punish those who contemplate them. Yet the last decades in the
United States have witnessed the rise of the cost-benefit state.
Most major rules promulgated today undergo a regulatory
impact analysis, and agencies monetize risks as grave as those
to human life and values as abstract as human dignity.
Prominent academics and lawmakers advocate the weighing of
costs and benefits as an element of rational regulation. The
cost-benefit revolution is a technocratic coup, however, if …
Textualism And Obstacle Preemption, John D. Ohlendorf
Textualism And Obstacle Preemption, John D. Ohlendorf
Georgia Law Review
Commentators, both on the bench and in the academy,
have perceived an inconsistency between the Supreme
Court's trend, in recent decades, towards an increasingly
formalist approach to statutory interpretation and the
Court's continued willingness to find state laws preempted
as "obstacles to the accomplishment and execution of the
full purposes and objectives of Congress'"--so-called
"obstacle preemption." This Article argues that by giving
the meaning contextually implied in a statutory text
ordinary, operative legal force, we can justify most of the
current scope of obstacle preemption based solely on
theoretical moves textualism already is committed to
making.
The Article first sketches …
Aggregation Of Probabilities And Illogic, Kevin M. Clermont
Aggregation Of Probabilities And Illogic, Kevin M. Clermont
Georgia Law Review
Classical logic and probability theory produce in law the
troublesome paradox of aggregation of claims: On the
other hand, logic seems to tell us that the aggregated
likelihood of alternative claims elevates in response to
probability's rules; thus, if the plaintiff almost proves
claim A and almost proves an alternative but independent
claim B, then the plaintiff should win one. On the other
hand, because the law requires each claim to meet the
standard of proof, and thus refuses to apply the proof
standard to the aggregation, the plaintiff loses in
actuality; legal scholars despair in consequences-
including Ariel Porat …
The Federal Rules Of Civil Procedure And Legal Realism As A Jurisprudence Of Law Reform, David Marcus
The Federal Rules Of Civil Procedure And Legal Realism As A Jurisprudence Of Law Reform, David Marcus
Georgia Law Review
Since the 1930s, legal realism has weathered claims that its adherents had no use for legal rules and lacked a positive program of law reform. This Article uses the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the major procedural reform of the twentieth century, to illuminate more accurately the treatment of rules in realism as well as its constructive potential. It draws upon the published and unpublished writings of Charles Clark, the primary author of the Federal Rules and a leading realist, to describe a realist procedural jurisprudence and to explain why the Federal Rules neatly illustrate this jurisprudence in practice. Part …
When And How (If At All) Does Law Constrain Official Action?, Frederick Schauer
When And How (If At All) Does Law Constrain Official Action?, Frederick Schauer
Georgia Law Review
Debates about the obligation to obey the law have been around for literally thousands of years, but the empirical side has received much less attention. Moreover, most of the existing empirical work has focused on citizens and not officials, and consequently we know little about the extent to which law qua law motivates official action. This Article seeks to encourage empirical inquiry into the particular question of whether officials obey the law as law, independent of the content of the law and independent of the possibility of sanctions for non-compliance. It offers the hypothesis that although there is much talk …
The Concept And The Rule Of Law, Jeremy Waldron
The Concept And The Rule Of Law, Jeremy Waldron
Georgia Law Review
This Essay explores and connects two issues: (1) the relation between the Rule of Law (or legality) and the work we do in general jurisprudence on the concept of law; and (2) the distinction between conceptions of the Rule of Law that emphasize certainty, rules, and predictability and conceptions of the Rule of Law that also emphasize procedure and argument, even when legal argumentation detracts from the certainty emphasized the first set of conceptions. First, the Essay argues in favor of a more demanding understanding of what law it (informed by the ideal of the Rule of Law); in other …
The Burden Of Knowledge, Christian Turner
The Burden Of Knowledge, Christian Turner
Georgia Law Review
Sometimes we are better off not knowing things. While we often hear that "ignorance is bliss," there has not been a comprehensive consideration in the legal academy of the virtues of ignorance and its regulation. Though the distribution of knowledge, like the distribution of other goods, is affected both directly and indirectly by law, several characteristics of knowledge distinguish it from other kinds of property. Much has been written about the impact of the nonrival and nonexclusive nature of knowledge on its production and distribution. This Article centers around two other attributes of knowledge that combine to create a special …
Hear Today, God Tomorrow?: To Be In But Not Of The Law With Moses, And Milner Ball, Aviam Soifer
Hear Today, God Tomorrow?: To Be In But Not Of The Law With Moses, And Milner Ball, Aviam Soifer
Georgia Law Review
It is increasingly clear, Milner once wrote, that "the external world keeps reflecting back what we bring to it." 5 He extends his emphasis on reciprocity between observer and observed from nature and language to the realm of faith. Those who seek to be observant only of settled rules or texts have missed the crucial roles of context, reciprocity, and change. In the Hebrew Bible, for example, Milner argues that Moses hears and speaks as "counsel for a situation" as someone whose word "does not return empty."6 Indeed, Moses is able to be "mouth for the people exactly because he …
The Word And The Law, James B. White
The Word And The Law, James B. White
Georgia Law Review
The Word and the Law is an extraordinary combination of law, personal statement, literary criticism, and theology. In a sense its central question is whether it is possible to have a life in the law that is good, and the answer is yes-yes, though not at all easy. I have often suggested it as reading to students who are worried about the profession they have chosen, and they frequently return to me with deep thanks for the introduction. Milner's commitment throughout is not to abstraction or theory or generalization, but to particular realities. Partly for this reason he begins the …
A Theology Of Justice: Some Reflections On Milner Ball's Non-Religious Practice Of Belief, Stephen Wizner
A Theology Of Justice: Some Reflections On Milner Ball's Non-Religious Practice Of Belief, Stephen Wizner
Georgia Law Review
For the past twenty years, during the first weekend in March, law students, law teachers, and public interest lawyers have gathered in the snowy woods of rural New Hampshire for a public interest retreat. The annual event is dedicated to the memory and legacy of Robert Cover, a beloved law professor, brilliant legal scholar, and committed social activist who died in 1986 at the age of forty-two. Robert Cover and Milner Ball were close friends and intellectual fellow travelers. They shared not only an academic interest in the inter-relationships between law, theology, and literature, but also a passionate commitment to …
The Gift Of Milner Ball, Thomas L. Shaffer
The Gift Of Milner Ball, Thomas L. Shaffer
Georgia Law Review
My friend and teacher Milner Ball speaks of the law as "systemic injustice." I find that a bit harsh and tend instead toward a way of looking at injustice that comes from the equally melancholy reflections of Robert E. Rodes, Jr., also my friend-my colleague, too-and also my teacher (in two senses, including the I-once-paid- tuition sense). Bob Rodes has noticed injustice as much as Milner has, but Bob, who tends to be an Erastian, would say it is not the law that is the source of injustice; it is not even the "system"; it is lawyers who are the …
The Practice Of Law In The Peaceable Kingdom, Robert P. Burns
The Practice Of Law In The Peaceable Kingdom, Robert P. Burns
Georgia Law Review
Milner Ball would be the last person to claim to have constructed a system. After all, he writes in the essay form, one that is "tentative, reflective, suggestive, contradictory, and incomplete."' It is a style that suggests there is more afoot than any science or philosophy is likely to conceive and that much of what is most important has to be shown, not stated. Surely, the notion of a system, as in "the legal system," reflects many of the qualities that, as we will see, he is most at pains to criticize. However, there are definitely themes in his work …
Meeting Of The Minds, Part Ii: A Dark And Angry God Arises, Paul J. Heald
Meeting Of The Minds, Part Ii: A Dark And Angry God Arises, Paul J. Heald
Georgia Law Review
In 1988, Professor Heald found a lost manuscript of Steve Allen's groundbreaking television show, "A Meeting of the Minds."' In that episode, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Mark Kelman, Blaise Pascal, and Richard Posner discussed the nature of law.2 While completing renovation of a house, possibly visited by Allen, Heald recently found another manuscript jammed on top of an old water tank...
The "Rebellion" Of William 0. Douglas, Morris D. Forkosch
The "Rebellion" Of William 0. Douglas, Morris D. Forkosch
Georgia Law Review
THE major problem in reviewing another's thoughts is to minimize, since it cannot be eliminated, the interacting and modifying effect of one's own views and personal interpretations. This problem arises in all human relations, especially where words, not deeds, are in issue. According to Holmes, "[a] word is not a crystal, transparent and unchanged; it is the skin of a living thought and may vary greatly in color and content according to the circumstances and the time in which it is used." With this and other admonitions in mind, it becomes clear that one who reads into Points of Rebellion …