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Articles 91 - 120 of 185
Full-Text Articles in Judges
Restrictions On Political Activity By Judges In Japan And The United States: The Cases Of Judge Teranishi And Justice Sanders, Daniel H. Foote
Restrictions On Political Activity By Judges In Japan And The United States: The Cases Of Judge Teranishi And Justice Sanders, Daniel H. Foote
Articles
In the late 1990s, similar dramas relating to political activity by judges were playing out on opposite sides of the Pacific Ocean. The cases involved a Japanese decision concerning an assistant judge of the Sendai District Court, Teranishi Kazushi, and an American decision relating to a newly sworn-in justice of the Supreme Court of the State of Washington, Richard Sanders. Both attended gatherings with distinctly political agendas. Both made brief remarks implying, but never directly stating, their support for the agendas presented. Both were censured for having engaged in impermissible political activity. Both appealed those censures, ultimately as far as …
Some Thoughts On Judicial Review And Collaborative Governance, Michael Herz
Some Thoughts On Judicial Review And Collaborative Governance, Michael Herz
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Use Of Litigation Screenings In Mass Torts: A Formula For Fraud?, Lester Brickman
The Use Of Litigation Screenings In Mass Torts: A Formula For Fraud?, Lester Brickman
Articles
The article critically examines the pervasive abuse of litigation screenings in mass tort cases, revealing a system driven by financial exploitation where medical evaluations are manipulated to generate lawsuits. These screenings, often designed to produce false positives, undermine the integrity of the legal system by creating a flood of specious claims. The analysis highlights how lawyers, doctors, and screening companies exploit legal loopholes and financial incentives, leading to billions of dollars in settlements and eroding public trust in the civil justice system.
Straddling The Civil-Criminal Divide: A Bifurcated Approach To Understanding The Nature Of Immigration Removal Proceedings, Peter L. Markowitz
Straddling The Civil-Criminal Divide: A Bifurcated Approach To Understanding The Nature Of Immigration Removal Proceedings, Peter L. Markowitz
Articles
The article advocates for reclassifying immigration removal proceedings, distinguishing between exclusion and expulsion. It argues that while exclusion should remain a civil process, expulsion, particularly for lawful permanent residents, should be treated as a criminal matter due to its punitive nature and severe consequences. This bifurcated approach aims to align legal procedures with the reality of the impact on individuals and ensure constitutional protections.
When Should Original Meanings Matter?, Richard A. Primus
When Should Original Meanings Matter?, Richard A. Primus
Articles
Constitutional theory lacks an account of when each of the familiar sources of authority-text, original meaning, precedent, and so on-should be given weight. The dominant tendency is to regard all sources as potentially applicable in every case. In contrast, this Article proposes that each source of authority is pertinent in some categories of cases but not in others, much as a physical tool is appropriate for some but not all kinds of household tasks. The Article then applies this approach to identify the categories of cases in which original meaning is, or is not, a valid factor in constitutional decisionmaking.
Why Counting Votes Doesn't Add Up: A Response To Cox And Miles' Judging The Voting Rights Act, Ellen D. Katz, Anna Baldwin
Why Counting Votes Doesn't Add Up: A Response To Cox And Miles' Judging The Voting Rights Act, Ellen D. Katz, Anna Baldwin
Articles
In Judging the Voting Rights Act, Professors Adam B. Cox and Thomas J. Miles report that judges are more likely to find liability under section 2 of the Voting Rights Act (VRA) when they are African American, appointed by a Democratic president, or sit on an appellate panel with a judge who is African American or a Democratic appointee. Cox and Miles posit that their findings “contrast” and “cast doubt” on much of the “conventional wisdom” about the Voting Rights Act, by which they mean the core findings we reported in Documenting Discrimination in Voting: Judicial Findings Under Section 2 …
The Wait Is Over: Chevron As The Stealth Vermont Yankee Ii, Paul R. Verkuil
The Wait Is Over: Chevron As The Stealth Vermont Yankee Ii, Paul R. Verkuil
Articles
The article argues that the Chevron doctrine has effectively served as a means to moderate the hard-look review of agency rulemaking, rendering the anticipated Vermont Yankee II case unnecessary. It posits that Chevron's deference to agency interpretations of statutes has softened the impact of State Farm's stringent arbitrary-and-capricious review standard, aligning more closely with the judicial restraint envisioned by Vermont Yankee.
The Internationalization Of Lay Legal Decision-Making: Jury Resurgence And Jury Research, Richard O. Lempert
The Internationalization Of Lay Legal Decision-Making: Jury Resurgence And Jury Research, Richard O. Lempert
Articles
When I first began to study the jury more than thirty years ago, the topic of this Journal issue, jury systems around the world, was unthinkable. The use of juries, especially in civil litigation, had long been in decline, to the point of near extinction in England, the land of their birth, and the live question was whether the jury system would endure in the United States. It seemed clear that juries would not continue in their classic form, as many U.S. states, with the Supreme Court's eventual approval, mandated juries of less than twelve people and allowed verdicts to …
Double-Consciousness In Constitutional Adjudication, Richard A. Primus
Double-Consciousness In Constitutional Adjudication, Richard A. Primus
Articles
Constitutional theorists are familiar with epistemic and consequentialist reasons why judges might allow their decision making to be shaped by strongly held public opinion. The epistemic approach treats public opinion as an expert indicator, while the consequentialistapproach counsels judges to compromise legally correct interpretations so as not to antagonize a hostile public. But there is also a third reason, which we can think ofas constitutive. In limited circumstances, the fact that the public strongly holds a given view can be one of the factors that together constitute the correct answer to a constitutional question. In those circumstances, what the public …
The Social Security Administration's New Disability Adjudication Rules: A Significant And Promising Reform, Frank S. Bloch, Jeffrey S. Lubbers, Paul R. Verkuil
The Social Security Administration's New Disability Adjudication Rules: A Significant And Promising Reform, Frank S. Bloch, Jeffrey S. Lubbers, Paul R. Verkuil
Articles
The article evaluates the Social Security Administration's (SSA) new Disability Service Improvement (DSI) process, introduced in 2006, which aims to address inefficiencies and inconsistencies in disability adjudication. The reforms include key innovations such as Quick Disability Determinations (QDDs), the Medical and Vocational Expert System (MVES), and the replacement of the Appeals Council with the Decision Review Board (DRB). While the reforms represent a significant and promising step toward improving the disability determination process, the article identifies remaining concerns, particularly regarding the role of the Federal Reviewing Official (FRO) and rules for submitting evidence at administrative hearings.
Dworkin In The Desert Of The Real, David G. Carlson
Dworkin In The Desert Of The Real, David G. Carlson
Articles
The article critically examines Ronald Dworkin's jurisprudence, particularly his theory of right answers, and defends it against critiques that his approach to law and language creates an unbridgeable gap between theory and practice. Dworkin's central argument is that law has an essence that judges must discover through reflective equilibrium, emphasizing the incommensurability between the judge's act and the symbolic order of law. While critics argue that this approach leads to nihilism, Dworkin counters by asserting that conventionalists are contradictory and that justice, as a decision, necessarily transgresses the domain of law.
From Laredo To Fort Worth: Race, Politics And The Texas Redistricting Case, Ellen D. Katz
From Laredo To Fort Worth: Race, Politics And The Texas Redistricting Case, Ellen D. Katz
Articles
LULAC v. Perry held that Texas violated Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act when it displaced nearly 100,000 Latino residents from a congressional district in Laredo to protect the Republican incumbent they refused to support. At the same time, the Justices let stand the dismantling of a so-called “coalition” district in Fort Worth where African-American voters comprising a minority of the district’s population allegedly enjoyed effective control in deciding the district’s representative. Only Justice Kennedy supported the outcome in both Laredo and Fort Worth. His opinion marks the first time that he, or indeed a majority of the Justices, …
The Totality Of The Circumstances Of The Debtor's Financial Situation In A Post-Means Test World: Trying To Bridge The Wedoff/Culhane & White Divide, John A. E. Pottow
The Totality Of The Circumstances Of The Debtor's Financial Situation In A Post-Means Test World: Trying To Bridge The Wedoff/Culhane & White Divide, John A. E. Pottow
Articles
Bankruptcy Judge Eugene Wedoff and Creighton Law School professors Marianne Culhane and Michaela White engage in a spirited debate over a series of law review articles about the proper scope of motions to dismiss a debtor's petition under section 707(b) of the freshly revised Bankruptcy Code. It is an interesting and provocative dialogue, with both sides advancing their respective positions persuasively. As a result, I find myself in the unfortunate position of wanting to agree with both. Since that is impossible, however, this brief article is my attempt to find a middle ground between their two positions. It does so …
Judicial Power And Mobilizable History, Richard A. Primus
Judicial Power And Mobilizable History, Richard A. Primus
Articles
One contribution that law professors can make to constitutional discourse, I suggest, is the nurturing of new mobilizable histories. A "mobilizable history," as I will use the term, is a narrative, image, or other historical source that is sufficiently well-known to the community of constitutional decisionmakers so as to be able to support a credible argument in the discourse of constitutional law. It draws upon materials that are within the collective memory of constitutional interpreters; indeed, a necessary step in nurturing a new mobilizable history is to introduce new information into that collective memory or to raise the prominence of …
Earl Warren: Law Enforcement Leads To Defendants' Rights, Yale Kamisar
Earl Warren: Law Enforcement Leads To Defendants' Rights, Yale Kamisar
Articles
Before becoming governor of California, Earl Warren spent 22 years in law enforcement: five as a deputy district attorney (1920- 25); thirteen as head of the Alameda County district attorney's office (1925-38); and four as state attorney general (1939-42). My thesis is that Warren's many years in law enforcement significantly affected his work as Chief Justice of the United States.
How Earl Warren's Twenty-Two Years In Law Enforcement Affected His Work As Chief Justice, Yale Kamisar
How Earl Warren's Twenty-Two Years In Law Enforcement Affected His Work As Chief Justice, Yale Kamisar
Articles
Before becoming governor of California, Earl Warren had spent his entire legal career, twenty-two years, in law enforcement. Professor Kamisar maintains that this experience significantly influenced Warren's work as a Supreme Court justice and gave him a unique perspective into police interrogation and other police practices. This article discusses some of Warren's experiences in law enforcement and searches for evidence of that experience in Warren's opinions. For example, when Warren was head of the Alameda County District Attorney's Office, he and his deputies not only relied on confessions in many homicide cases but also themselves interrogated homicide suspects. The seeds …
Crawford Surprises: Mostly Unpleasant, Richard D. Friedman
Crawford Surprises: Mostly Unpleasant, Richard D. Friedman
Articles
Crawford v. Washington should not have been surprising. The Confrontation Clause guarantees a criminal defendant the right "to be confronted with the witnesses against him." The doctrine of Ohio v. Roberts, treating the clause as a general proscription against the admission of hearsay-except hearsay that fits within a "firmly rooted" exception or is otherwise deemed reliable-had so little to do with the constitutional text, or with the history or principle behind it, that eventually it was bound to be discarded. And the appeal of a testimonial approach to the clause seemed sufficiently strong to yield high hopes that ultimately the …
Brennan Center For Justice Symposium Introduction: Diversity, Impartiality, And Representation On The Bench, Kele Williams
Brennan Center For Justice Symposium Introduction: Diversity, Impartiality, And Representation On The Bench, Kele Williams
Articles
No abstract provided.
Lo Stato Di Diritto E La Legittimità Della Democrazia Costituzionale, Michel Rosenfeld
Lo Stato Di Diritto E La Legittimità Della Democrazia Costituzionale, Michel Rosenfeld
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Immense Rumor, Peter Goodrich
The Immense Rumor, Peter Goodrich
Articles
The article explores the intersection of friendship and law, particularly through the lens of Jacques Derrida's theory, which posits that the concept of friendship is inherently paradoxical and shaped by legal and theological frameworks. Derrida argues that the "immense rumor" of friendship reflects a historical inability to articulate amity publicly, leading to a repression of friendship in the public sphere. This repression is rooted in the humanist tradition, which draws from Graeco-Roman and Judeo-Christian influences, emphasizing the primacy of political or communal bonds over individual friendships. The analysis reveals that legal discourses have imposed prohibitions on the role of friendship, …
Alternative Approaches To Judicial Review Of Social Security Disability Cases, Paul R. Verkuil, Jeffrey S. Lubbers
Alternative Approaches To Judicial Review Of Social Security Disability Cases, Paul R. Verkuil, Jeffrey S. Lubbers
Articles
The article evaluates proposals for reforming the judicial review process for Social Security disability determinations, highlighting inefficiencies and variability in the current system. It compares the Social Security Administration (SSA) adjudication process with the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) appeals system, emphasizing the need for a specialized court to address growing caseloads and improve decisional consistency. The analysis advocates for the creation of a Social Security Court, modeled after the Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims, to enhance uniformity, reduce delays, and alleviate the burden on federal courts.
Pierre The Anomalist: An Epistemology Of The Legal Closet, Peter Goodrich
Pierre The Anomalist: An Epistemology Of The Legal Closet, Peter Goodrich
Articles
The article examines Pierre Schlag's radical critique of legal reason and the legal academy, which challenges the profession's reliance on abstract norms and universal truths. Schlag's work, often met with hostility, exposes the material and emotional underpinnings of legal discourse, particularly the fear of losing control and status tied to the academy's faith in reason. His critique is situated within broader philosophical traditions that question the limits of reason and the importance of creativity in legal thought. The article also explores how Schlag's ideas intersect with other scholars' work, such as Reginald Leamon Robinson's analysis of legal narrative and identity, …
Constitutional Sunsetting?: Justice O'Connor's Closing Comments On Grutter, Vikram David Amar, Evan H. Caminker
Constitutional Sunsetting?: Justice O'Connor's Closing Comments On Grutter, Vikram David Amar, Evan H. Caminker
Articles
Most Supreme Court watchers were unsurprised that Justice Sandra Day O'Connor's vote proved pivotal in resolving the University of Michigan affirmative action cases; indeed, Justice O'Connor has been in the majority in almost every case involving race over the past decade, and was in the majority in each and every one of the 5-4 decisions the Court handed down across a broad range of difficult issues last Term. Some smaller number of observers were unsurprised that Justice O'Connor decided (along with the four Justices who in the past have voted to allow latitude with regard to race-based affirmative action programs) …
Why Theories Of Law Have Little Or Nothing To Do With Judicial Restraint, Philip E. Soper
Why Theories Of Law Have Little Or Nothing To Do With Judicial Restraint, Philip E. Soper
Articles
The question I explore here, stated in its broadest form, is this: What is the connection between theory and practice between academic claims about how judges should decide cases and the actual behavior of judges as revealed in the opinions they write? More particularly, do theories about the nature of law have any implications for the question whether a judge should adopt an "activist" or a "restrained" approach to deciding cases? As you might infer from my title, I defend here what I call "the skeptical thesis" in answer to both the general and particular questions. Judges pay little or …
Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. And The Counterrevolution In The Federal Securities Laws, Adam C. Pritchard
Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr. And The Counterrevolution In The Federal Securities Laws, Adam C. Pritchard
Articles
The confirmation of Lewis F. Powell, Jr., to the Supreme Court coincided with a dramatic shift in the Court's approach to securities law. This Article documents Powell's influence in changing the Court's direction in securities law. Powell's influence was the product of his extensive experience with the securities laws as a corporate lawyer, which gave him much greater familiarity with that body of law than his fellow Justices had. That experience also made him skeptical of civil liability, particularly class and derivative actions. Powell's skepticism led him to interpret the securities law in a consistently narrow fashion to reduce liability …
An Outcomes Analysis Of Scope Of Review Standards, Paul R. Verkuil
An Outcomes Analysis Of Scope Of Review Standards, Paul R. Verkuil
Articles
No abstract provided.
Reviving Tocqueville's America: The Rehnquist Court's Jurisprudence Of Social Discovery, John O. Mcginnis
Reviving Tocqueville's America: The Rehnquist Court's Jurisprudence Of Social Discovery, John O. Mcginnis
Articles
This Article offers a retrospective on the Rehnquist Court. It argues that the Rehnquist Court has been pursuing a coherent jurisprudence that invigorates decentralization and the private ordering of social norms that Alexis De Tocqueville celebrated in Democracy in America as being the essence of the social order generated by our original Constitution. In four disparate areas-federalism, freedom of association, the religion clauses, and the balance of power between juries and judges-the Court is helping sustain a civil order that bubbles up from state governments or from citizens voluntarily gathered together or randomly selected. The Article is the first to …
Justice Frank Murphy And American Labor Law, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Justice Frank Murphy And American Labor Law, Theodore J. St. Antoine
Articles
Working people and disfavored groups were central concerns of Frank Murphy, the last Michigan Law School graduate to sit on the United States Supreme Court. In the pages of this Review, just over a half century ago, Archibald Cox wrote of him: "It was natural ...th at his judicial work should be most significant in these two fields [labor law and civil rights] and especially in the areas where they coalesce."' In this Essay, after a brief overview of Murphy the man, his days at the University of Michigan, and his career prior to the Court appointment, I shall review …
Europe In America: Grammatology, Legal Studies, And The Politics Of Transmission, Peter Goodrich
Europe In America: Grammatology, Legal Studies, And The Politics Of Transmission, Peter Goodrich
Articles
This Essay begins by analyzing the way American legal theory has failed to adequately address the challenges and insights of grammatology, the philological critique of the language of law initiated with Jacques Derrida's work Of Grammatology. Professor Goodrich traces the form that this failed confrontation took and then outlines how this philological critique ought to inform a study of law. Importantly for Professor Goodrich, the grammatological approach to law provides ways of analyzing not just the written legal text, but also the effects of new media technologies on the law more broadly. The changes in the law brought about by …
Chief Judge Edward R. Becker: A Truly Remarkable Judge, Marci A. Hamilton
Chief Judge Edward R. Becker: A Truly Remarkable Judge, Marci A. Hamilton
Articles
No abstract provided.