Internet Law Commons^™

Cohen V. Google, Inc., Eirik Cheverud

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Introduction: Contains Cover, Table Of Contents, Letter From The Editor, And Masthead, Stephen J. Rancourt

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

The Richmond Journal of Law and Technology is proud to present its Annual Survey issue of the 2010–2011 academic year. The Journal strives to find interesting and contemporary topics that bisect technology and the law, and publish authors who provide in-depth and practical analysis of these topics to the legal community and beyond. To that end, this year’s Annual Survey is devoted exclusively to the topic of electronic discovery. In the two years since the Journal last published on this important issue, the availability of electronic information has increased exponentially, courts have continued to struggle with the 2006 Amendments to …

Re-Mapping Privacy Law: How The Google Maps Scandal Requires Tort Law Reform, Lindsey A. Strachan

Richmond Journal of Law & Technology

In the Internet savvy and technology dependent world of today, it is difficult to imagine life without Google Maps. The pioneer web- mapping platform provides users with a number of free services, ranging from simple directions to high-resolution imagery of terrain. The service has revolutionized travel, providing guidance and resources to more than just the directionally challenged. Contributing to this notoriety was Google’s addition of “Street View” to the array of mapping functions in May of 2007. As its name implies, the Street View function allows users to view enhanced, 360-degree snapshots of homes, streets and other public property. According …

The Unresolved Legality Of Online Gambling In Singapore, Siyuan Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This article addresses what appears to be a hitherto (legislatively and judicially) unresolved issue in a country where gambling is an established sub-culture – the legality of online gambling. The existing legislation does not provide direct answers, and as a result, the courts have not been given the opportunity to answer the question directly either. The police have previously made a few statements to the press and the media, but what should we make of them? While placing bets with unauthorised bookies (including those who operate their own website or use others’ websites) is clearly outlawed, leaving the offender with …

Special Feature: Cyberlaw - Introduction

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Cell Phone Location Data And The Fourth Amendment: A Question Of Law, Not Fact, Susan Freiwald

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Pornography As Pollution, John Copeland Nagle

Journal Articles

Pornography is often compared to pollution. But little effort has been made to consider what it means to describe pornography as a pollution problem, even as many legal scholars have concluded that the law has failed to control internet pornography. Opponents of pornography maintain passionate convictions about how sexually-explicit materials harm both those who are exposed to them and the broader cultural environment. Viewers of pornography may generally hold less fervent beliefs, but champions of free speech and of a free internet object to anti-pornography regulations with strong convictions of their own. The challenge is how to address the widespread …

Introduction, The .Xxx Factor, Rita Rodin Johnston

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Difficult With Regulating Network Neutrality, Eric Null

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

American Library Association, Bradburn, And The Movement To Censor The Internet, Olivia J. Greer

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Substantially Perfect: The Southern District Of New York's Problematic Rewrite Of The Dmca's Elements Of Notification, Jeremy A. Schachter

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Intermediaries And Hate Speech: Fostering Digital Citizenship For Our Information Age, Danielle Keats Citron, Helen Norton

Publications

No longer confined to isolated corners of the web, cyber hate now enjoys a major presence on popular social media sites. The Facebook group Kill a Jew Day, for instance, acquired thousands of friends within days of its formation, while YouTube has hosted videos with names like How to Kill a Beaner, Execute the Gays, and Murder Muslim Scum. The mainstreaming of cyber hate has the troubling potential to shape public expectations of online discourse.

Internet intermediaries have the freedom and influence to seize this defining moment in cyber hate's history. We believe that a thoughtful and nuanced intermediary-based approach …

Information Wars And The Challenges Of Content Protection In Digital Contexts, Raymond T. Nimmer

Vanderbilt Journal of Entertainment & Technology Law

We are in the midst of a fundamental conflict in law and policy between those who favor maintaining and expanding copyright and related rights in the digital context ("rights enhancers"), and those who favor letting rights atrophy ("rights restrictors'). This Article argues that strong intellectual property rights are essential. At minimum, they are important to support creativity in contexts where the creation, collection, or distribution of the content requires substantial investment of time and resources. The case for allowing creators' rights to weaken is both untested and structurally suspect. Copyright law must construct a balance that fully supports creative activity …

To Reveal Or Conceal?—An Isp’S Dilemma, Presenting A New “Anonymous Public Concern Test” For Evaluating Isp Subpoenas In Online Defamation Suits, Cayce Myers

LLM Theses and Essays

This article proposes a new test called the “Anonymous Public Concern Test” which incorporates public concern analysis in enforcing Internet Service Provider [ISP] subpoenas in online defamation suits. Anonymous speech is an important aspect of First Amendment rights that warrants protection. Current tests used by courts to analyze whether to enforce ISP subpoenas are either too pro-plaintiff or too pro-defendant. The article’s proposed “Anonymous Public Concern Test” is the best approach in dealing with ISP subpoenas because it protects both anonymous speeches and preserves online defamation plaintiffs’ rights.

The Unimportance Of Being "Electronic" Or Popular Misconceptions About “Internet Contracting”, Eliza Mik

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Existing e-commerce literature abounds with misconceptions regarding both technology and contract law. Long-standing legal concepts are adorned with “e-” or “cyber-” to appear more exciting. The traditional contractual regime issupplanted with new principles instead of being supplemented with technological considerations. It is one thing, to include technology in legal analyses, it is another to create separate, technology-specific categories. Separate categories justify the departure from traditional principles. Most, if not all, alleged “challenges” created by new communication scenarios fit within the existing legal framework, technological complexity and novelty of the Internet notwithstanding. Most “challenges” are also unrelated to the fact that …

Hart V Finnis: How Will Positivism And Natural Law Account For The Socio-Legal Paradigm In Wikipedia, Siyuan Chen

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

There is little doubt that Wikipedia is one of the world’s most influential websites today – and its sphere of influence is set to grow in days to come. The evidence for this is strong. As of December 2010, Wikipedia is the Internet’s 6th most popular website (by virtue of the Alexa Traffic Rank), and it is also the most popular "general reference" site in cyberspace, with almost 4 million articles in the English language edition. It has been and will continue to be the flagship of Web 2.0, with every single edit being potentially scrutinised by a global audience, …

Downstream Copyright Infringers, Yvette Joy Liebesman

All Faculty Scholarship

The advent of on-line music sales has been a boon to the recording industry as well as for musicians and the general public. Previously unknown artists have found new avenues to showcase their work, and consumers have easy access to an enormous variety of musical genres.

Yet an unintended consequence of the ability to sell songs through internet downloads is a novel, and until now, unnoticed way to infringe on copyrights - which, unless remedied, could lead to new classes of defendants never contemplated or desired to be ensnared in the Copyright Act’s protections for artists, musicians and authors. Unlike …

Supreme Court Amicus Brief Of Aarp And The National Legislative Association On Petition Drug Prices In Support Of Petitioners, William H. Sorrell V. Ims Health, Inc., No. 10-779 (Filed March 1, 2011), Sean Flynn, Meredith Jacob, Stacy Canan

Amicus Briefs & Court Filings

This Court should refuse to apply the First Amendment to Vermont’s Prescription Confidentiality Law based on two essential facts. First, the regulation at issue is limited to the commercial use or private-channel distribution of confidential data. It is thus governed by cases of this Court upholding the regulation of uses of information in purely private settings that do not inform or contribute to the public sphere. Bartnicki v. Vopper, 532 U.S. 514, 526-27 n.10 (2001); Dun & Bradstreet, Inc. v. Greenmoss Builders, Inc., 472 U.S. 749 (1985). Second, it concerns the regulation of secondary uses of information where the government …

The Timely Demise Of The Fourth Amendment Third Party Doctrine, Stephen E. Henderson

Faculty Articles

In what may be a slightly premature obituary, in this response to a forthcoming paper by Matthew Tokson I argue that the Fourth Amendment third party doctrine "has at least taken ill, and it can be hoped it is an illness from which it will never recover." It is increasingly unpopular as a matter of state constitutional law, has long been assailed in scholarship but now thoughtful alternatives are percolating, and it cannot – or at least should not – withstand the pressures which technology and social norms are placing upon it. Even the Supreme Court seems loath to defend …

Red Skies In The Morning—Professional Ethics At The Dawn Of Cloud Computing, Sarah Jane Hughes, Roland L. Trope

Articles by Maurer Faculty

The article evaluates risks to clients’ confidential and privileged information when lawyers or law firms store such information in any cloud computing “space” against the requirements of the Model Rules of Professional Conduct and the New York Rules of Professional Conduct. It also evaluates pertinent liability provisions of some of the more commonly used cloud computing services (Amazon.com and Google) against the lawyer’s responsibilities. An interesting portion covers the latest thinking from NIST on cloud computing benefits and risks.

Network Accountability For The Domestic Intelligence Apparatus, Danielle K. Citron, Frank Pasquale

Faculty Scholarship

A new domestic intelligence network has made vast amounts of data available to federal and state agencies and law enforcement officials. The network is anchored by “fusion centers,” novel sites of intergovernmental collaboration that generate and share intelligence and information. Several fusion centers have generated controversy for engaging in extraordinary measures that place citizens on watch lists, invade citizens’ privacy, and chill free expression. In addition to eroding civil liberties, fusion center overreach has resulted in wasted resources without concomitant gains in security.

While many scholars have assumed that this network represents a trade-off between security and civil liberties, our …

The In Rem Forfeiture Of Copyright-Infringing Domain Names, Andrew Sellars

Faculty Scholarship

In the summer of 2010, the Immigration and Customs Enforcement Division of the Department of Homeland Security began "Operation In Our Sites," an enforcement sweep targeted towards websites allegedly dealing in counterfeit goods and copyright-infringing files. The operation targeted the websites by proceeding in rem against their respective domain names. For websites targeted for copyright infringement, ICE Agents used recently-expanded copyright forfeiture remedies passed under the 2008 PRO-IP Act, providing no adversarial hearing prior to the websites being removed, and only a probable cause standard of proof.

This Paper examines three specific harms resulting from Operation In Our Sites, and …

Tweeting To Topple Tyranny, Social Media And Corporate Social Responsibility: A Reply To Anupam Chander, Erika George

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay offers critical reflections on the role of social media in social change and outlines how the obligation of corporations in the information communications technology sector to avoid complicity in rights violations may evolve over time. Part I explores the Internet's potential to further democratic discourse and inclusion or foster discrimination and exclusion. It also queries whether the Internet industry has an obligation to protect against hate propaganda. Part II examines whether other industry sectors can also be said to have special obligations based on the human rights consequences of their conduct. Part III explains the nature of the …

Adverse Publicity By Administrative Agencies In The Internet Era, Nathan Cortez

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

Nearly forty years ago, Ernest Gellhorn documented the potentially devastating impact that can occur when federal agencies issue adverse publicity about private parties. Based on his article, the Administrative Conference of the United States (ACUS) recommended that courts, Congress, and agencies hold agencies to clear standards for issuing such publicity. In the decades since, some agencies have adopted standards, but most have not. And neither the courts nor Congress has intervened to impose standards. Today, agencies continue to use countless forms of publicity to pressure alleged regulatory violators and to amplify their overall enforcement powers — all without affording due …

Unwilling Avatars: Idealism And Discrimination In Cyberspace, Mary Anne Franks

Articles

No abstract provided.

Some Technological Implications For Ascertaining The Contents Of Contracts In Web-Based Transactions, Eliza Mik

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper points out some unexpected relationships between specific aspects of contract law and specific Internet-related technologies. The discussion is not about the interplay between “Law” and “Technology,” or the “Law” and the “Internet.” The aim is modest: to identify some theoretical chokepoints created by the technologies involved in web-based commerce and to point out the legal uncertainties persisting in this area. The analysis is confined to the process of contract formation, not to matters of substantive law. It is during this process that parties assume their contractual obligations and the contents of a contract crystallize.

Social Networking And Land Use Planning And Regulation: Practical Benefits, Pitfalls And Ethical Considerations, Patricia E. Salkin

Scholarly Works

This article explores how social networking sites have been used or might be used in the land use context. Part I focuses on the use of social networking for land use planning and zoning. It includes a discussion of the pros and cons of the use of social networking sites to present public information and to gather public input and invite general participation in the process, as well as to provide notice to the public of forthcoming government decision-making. This section offers concrete examples of how this technology is currently being used in the land use context. Part II focuses …

A Taxonomy Of Virtual Work, Miriam A. Cherry

Georgia Law Review

Millions of people worldwide entertain themselves or
supplement their incomes-or both-by meeting with
fellow employees as avatars in virtual worlds such as
Second Life, solving complicated problems on websites like
Innocentive, or casually "clicking" to make money for
simple tasks on Amazon.com's Mechanical Turk. Virtual
work has great promise- increasing efficiency by reducing
the time and expense involved in gathering workers who
live great distances apart,and allowing for efficient use of
skills so that the whole is truly greater than the sum of its
parts. At the same time, virtual work presents its own
unique series of challenges, and regulation …

Extra! Read All About It: Why Notice By Newspaper Publication Fails To Meet Mullane's Desire-To-Inform Standard And How Modern Technology Provides A Viable Alternative, Jennifer L. Case

Georgia Law Review

Decades ago the Supreme Court articulated that due
process requires adopting a means of service that one
would naturally adopt if he actually desired to inform
another. For generations newspaper publication has been
allowed where the party to be notified is not known or
cannot be located. But, given the rapid transformation

of information dissemination over our country's recent
history, are newspapers a method that anyone would use if
they truly wanted to relay information to another person?
This Note examines the shift in how American's receive
news and information in our modern society. It explores
the decline in newspaper …

Amy And Vicky's Cause: Perils Of The Federal Restitution Framework For Child Pornography Victims, Robert W. Jacques

Georgia Law Review

Child pornography is unique among violent crimes in at
least one aspect: victims are harmed not only from their

initial abuse but also from knowing that people on the
Internet continue to view the images. In recent years, a
split has arisen among federal courts on whether victims
of child pornography are entitled to restitution from non-
production offenders, i.e., offenders that were not involved
in the initial abuse of victims. The controversy has
surrounded 18 U.S.C. § 2259-the mandatory restitution
statute for sex offenses. While some courts find victim
harm not sufficiently traceable to the crimes at issue to …