International Law Commons^™

Enhancing Maritime Security In The Malacca Strait: Cooperation Against Piracy And Maritime Terrorism, Rheny Wahyuni Pulungan

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The Malacca Strait, together with the Singapore Strait, are two of the most important straits in the world and consequently there is significant traffic through them, reported to be approximately 60,000 vessels a year. The rising number of violent and well-coordinated attacks on transiting ships in these straits has become a very serious problem, such as threats of unauthorized boarding; theft of personal property, cargo and the ships themselves; and violence against, and the kidnapping or murder of, seafarers. One effort which is likely to enhance security in the Malacca Straits is the establishment of 'joint patrol areas', where more …

Preventing Retaliation In Trade By Harmonizing The Measures, Muhammad Putra Iqbal

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) Agreement as a globally-accepted legal document within the World Trade Organization (WTO) is very important in ensuring food traded across the boundaries is safe for consumers and also protecting animal and plant from diseases and pests. Therefore, SPS Agreement's role within the international trade is very crucial. This paper evaluates "Indonesia-China candy case" that closely related to the implementation of the SPS Agreement. It is concluded that Indonesia as a member of WTO has declared and proven that Indonesia national regulations on food safety comply with international standard. On the other hand, China should show …

Environmental Protection And State Responsibility In International Humanitarian Law, Arie Afriansyah

Indonesian Journal of International Law

International armed conflicts is not only threatened the existence of human being, but also brought great environmental damage that has served to raise the international community's deep concern. The conflicting parties are liable for violations of their international obligations including damages to the environment. The obligations of warring parties to protect the environment are sourced not only from treaty law but also from customary law. Even though the conflict has ceased, they are still liable for the violations as long as the damages continue. That is why the legal concept of State offers an important doctrine in international conflicts offering …

Author's Right Is Not Only Copyright, Agus Sardjono

Indonesian Journal of International Law

This article discusses the difference between the concept of Author's Right and Copyright. These two concepts are often mistakenly considered to be inter-changeable. The purpose of this article is to help readers obtain a better insight into the basic concept of Author's Right and Copyright.

Can The Requirements Of Shariah Law Regarding Criminal Punishments Be Interpreted In A Way That Is Compatible With The Iccpr And Cat?, Alfitri Alfitri

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Criminal law deals with the protection of public interests and values deemed to be crucial for a particular society. In Islam, these values are ascribed to the divine commands. Thus, there will be calls from some Muslims for the implementation of Islamic criminal law by the state for they believe that this is required by Islam. Can therefore the death penalty or corporal punishments required by the Shariah law be imposed by a state while they are in conflict with the state’s obligation to comply with international human rights instruments? This paper will analyze this uneasy situation faced by some …

Maritime Security In South East Asia: Indonesian Perspective, Melda Kamil Ariadno

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Maritime security is an important issue particularly for the archipelagic state. As the largest archipelagic state in the world, Indonesia has its own responsibility to guard its waters from any threat. Indonesian waters have been used for centuries to accelerate international trade. In addition, Indonesia needs to address its boundary problems, handling of piracy, combating Transnational Organized Crime, such as, human trafficking, drugs trafficking, and human smuggling. This article explains on Indonesian perspective of the maritime security in South East Asia.

Investing And Protection Of Investor In Stock Market, Adler Haymans Manurung

Indonesian Journal of International Law

This paper discusses three areas, namely investment, investors’ characteristics, and a place of investment, which is stock market. In investing in stock market, investors need to utilize funds which are not currently used so they would not worry about the decrease value that may occur in a short term. Investors need to understand the risks which can be tolerated to invest. On the other hand, investors must be protected to prevent inappropriate transactions. Regulators must endorse rules regularly revised to suit the existing condition that can satisfy many parties.

Fundamental Changes Of International Economic Law: Challenges Toward Legal System Based On Fairness And Human Values, Adolf Warrouw

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Economic globalization supported by the latest technology information and communication has brought major influence in the structure and substance of international law development. Such globalization leads to market integration, transportation system, and communication, which makes possible to companies, states, and individual to reach the world. This article explains on the fundamental challenges of international economic law to legal system based on fairness and human values.

Production Sharing Contract: Is It Within Private Or Public Domain?, Achmad Zen Umar Purba

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Investment is always requires government attention including on the oil sector. Production Sharing Contract (PSC) is an agreement constitutes the regime of utilizing the interest of state is constitutionally used to the greatest possible extent for the prosperity of the people. PSC is part of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) since it involves the private equity of foreign investors. Thus, PSC in one hand is a private contract and it belongs to the private domain, in the other hand, state as the owner of natural resources is act as a party in this business transaction. This paper discusses Production Sharing Contract, …

National And International Cooperation In The Prevention And Eradication Of Money Laundering, Yunus Husein

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The Prevention and eradication of money laundering, as part of the new paradigm in the effort to combat crimes, has its own mechanism in both national and international cooperation, particularly in relation to information exchange. The cooperation is pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding, but can also be simply pursuant to the principle of reciprocity among parties. Once effective, this cooperation will strengthen the performance of Indonesian Financial Transaction Report and Analysis Center (INTRAC/PPATK) in performing its duties and exercising its authority as the Financial Intelligence Unit.

Catatan Mengenai Konvensi Pbb Anti Kejahatan Transnasional Yang Terorganisir Dan Protokolnya, Rudi Rizki

Indonesian Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Sengketa Antara Malaysia Dan Singapura Tentang Aktivitas Reklamasi Pantai Di Dan Di Sekitar Selat Johor, Adijaya Yusuf

Indonesian Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Putusan Mi Atas Pulau Sipadan Dan Ligitan, Hikmahanto Juwana

Indonesian Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Arbitrary Detention In The Counter-Terrorism Context: Standards For The Un Working Group On Arbitrary Detention, Aleena Nasir

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Francisco De Vitoria’S Normative Ideas And The Beginnings Of International Law: A Colonial Ethnocentric Discourse, Or A Bona Fide Effort To Construct Just International Norms?, Yuri G. Mantilla

Loyola of Los Angeles International and Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Confronting Space Debris Through The Regime Evolution Approach, Gershon Hasin

International Law Studies

This article examines the complex policy problem of space debris and elaborates a proposal for a bottom-up cooperative regime for its mitigation. While debris proliferation generates costs and threatens the safety of personnel and equipment, this policy problem is compounded by the realization that debris constitutes a by-product of desirable space activities which facilitate national progress and domestic increases in values. It is further complicated by increased private participation, conflicting interests of participants, and a global order susceptible to outlier behavior.

Scholars attempting to tackle this policy problem have failed to appreciate the complex legislative process through which international rules …

America's Ambivalent Commitment To International Justice, Robert Howse, Ruti G. Teitel

Other Publications

No abstract provided.

The Role Of International Law In The Food–Energy–Water Nexus, Waseem Ahmad Qureshi

Buffalo Environmental Law Journal

The current relationship of water, food, and energy is deeply entangled as it functions within different sectors, such as industry and agriculture, the latter of which water is essential for irrigating crops. Similarly, adequate water storage facilities are also required for hydroelectricity generation. Moreover, in many regions, electrical energy is used to operate tube wells for extracting groundwater to irrigate crops for food. Within the intricate nature of the mutual relationship of water, energy, and food, each plays its role in ensuring the security of the others. For instance, both energy security and food security are dependent upon water security, …

“I Want Justice From People Who Did Bad Things To Children”: Experiences Of Justice For Sex Trafficking Survivors, John G. Morrissey, James Havey, Glenn M. Miles, Nhanh Channtha, Lim Vanntheary

Dignity: A Journal of Analysis of Exploitation and Violence

This research from the Butterfly Longitudinal Research Project focused on understanding the experiences and perceptions of justice and the justice system for 93 Cambodia participants (including 88 survivors of sex trafficking) as they navigated the legal system. Thirty-two of these survivors had experiences in court and provided details into their courtroom experiences, predominantly within Cambodia but also in the United States. The survivors’ experiences were diverse; however, the prevailing themes were: fear throughout their legal journeys; a low level of awareness and understanding of their legal experiences; and that NGO support was essential for these survivors to engage in the …

Carbon Accounting By Public And Private Financial Institutions: Can We Be Sure Climate Finance Is Leading To Emissions Reductions?, Martin Dietrich Brauch, Emily Spittle

Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment Staff Publications

To further and fully understand how to plan for the decarbonization of mining value chains, we need better data on carbon and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, neither consumers, corporates, or financial institutions know the embodied emissions in the products they produce or sell. While methods like life-cycle analysis and environmental product declarations exist, none use a verifiable, comparable, or widely adopted emissions reporting framework capable of sending supply chain signals.

To truly reform material supply chains, new solutions for markets, capital, and policy are required. COMET (the Coalition on Materials Emissions Transparency) – an alliance launched at Davos …

New Tech, New Deal: Mining Policy Options In The Face Of New Technology, Isabelle Ramdoo, Aaron Cosbey, Jeff Geipel, Perrine Toledano

Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment Staff Publications

Throughout the history of mining, technological innovation has played a vital role across all cycles of mining projects. The new wave of technological adoption is a combination of evolutionary and revolutionary technologies, with an increasing focus on the latter. An acceleration in investments in disruptive technologies in recent years has seen the large-scale mining sector finally catching up with a dynamic that has already advanced in many other sectors. The reasons for this shift include more difficult geology, declining ore deposits, the need to reverse a secular decline in productivity, the need to improve safety for mine workers, a need …

But Why Him? A Review Of The Tenth Justice: Judicial Appointments, Marc Nadon, And The Supreme Court Act Reference, By Carissima Mathen And Michael Plaxton, Andrew Flavelle Martin

Dalhousie Law Journal

To the great benefit of the Canadian legal community and the Canadian public, the authors have created an extensive, concise, and highly readable account of the Nadon saga. Anyone unfamiliar with the purported appointment of Justice Nadon to the Supreme Court of Canada, the Reference re Supreme Court Act, ss 5 and 6 (also known as the Nadon Reference), and the aftermath will find this book invaluable. I expect this work will become the definitive and authoritative account of this saga and that it will be indispensable to future scholars.

I begin this review with a brief overview of the …

Impacts Of Iprs Basic Provisions In Cptpp On Technology Transfer And Innovation - Suggestion In Indonesia, Nguyen Phan Quoc

Indonesian Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Visually Impaired Persons And Access To Copyrighted Works: The Indian Roadmap, Anjana Girish, Saraswathy Vaidyanathan

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The copyright regime poses challenges to visually impaired persons, such as the inability to access books written in a format suitable for their reading needs. Therefore, in 2013, the Marrakesh Treaty to Facilitate Access to Published Works for Blind Persons, Visually Impaired, or Otherwise Print Disabled was carried out to resolve these challenges. India has adopted certain exceptions in its copyright regime, which facilitate access to the visually impaired. However, the beneficial effects of these provisions remain debatable. This research is based on an empirical study conducted on the effectiveness of the provisions of the Indian Copyright Act on facilitating …

Critical Examination Of The Intellectual Property Regimes In The Gulf-Co-Operation Council (Gcc) States, Nadia Naim

Indonesian Journal of International Law

The research focuses on the intellectual property developments made by the member states of the GCC and how intellectual property development and subsequent deployment, can act as a catalyst for financial prosperity. The main purpose of the research is to analyse and examine the intellectual property provisions currently in existence within the states of the GCC. The aim is to provide recommendations to improve the current level of intellectual property protection at both a national level and at a state level in the GCC through an integrated intellectual property protection model. There have been three main stages in the development …

The Implementation Of The Traditional Cultural Expression (Tce) Protection In Indonesia Based On Article 38 Law Number 28 Of 2014 Regarding Copyright, Prasetyo Hadi Purwandoko, Adi Sulistiyono, M. Hawin

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Indonesia as a multicultural and multi-ethnicity country has a wide Traditional Cultural Expression (TCE) which needs active protection as a cultural heritage from extinction and to provide certain economic benefits. However, a lot of elements are endangered due to the effect of globalization, lack of facilities, appreciation, and comprehension which cause erosion of values, functions, and cultural elements. This research was, therefore, conducted to discuss the implementation of TCE protection in Indonesia based on Article 38 Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright (Copyright Law 2014). It was concluded that the implementation of TCE protection is through the Draft of …

International Law Review In The Assassination Of General Qasem Soleimani, Dina Yulianti, Hasan Sidik, Mu'min Mu'min

Indonesian Journal of International Law

International law is formed by the global community to establish legal rules, norms, and standards of behavior between sovereign nations to create a peaceful world order. However, since the world order is anarchy with no supreme executive authority, obedience and disobedience to international law often depends on the state’s power. For instance, the assassination of General Qasem Soleimani, a prominent Iranian general, by the US military in Iraqi territory sparked a debate about international law. This article shows that the US action violated International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and International Human Rights Law (IHRL). Additionally, it violated the UN Convention for …

Cyber Attribution And State Responsibility, William Banks

International Law Studies

We might expect international law to specifically address cyber attribution requirements due to the significance of attribution in framing the legal responsibility of States and the boundaries of responsive actions by victim States. However, there is little international law of cyber attribution, and what law there is exists largely by implication. Likewise, there is only a murky and highly contested law of State responsibility that theoretically constrains the vast majority of State-sponsored cyberattacks. Because victim States cannot engage in countermeasures unless they attribute a cyberattack to a State, attribution can serve simultaneously to constrain and empower victim States. However, the …

Purges And Closures And Lines, Oh My!--Do Georgia's 2018 Election Procedures Violate International Law?, Holly Katherine Stephens

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

Fashioning Compliance: The Fashion Charter For Climate Action And Strategies For Forming A More Effective Fashion Industry Agreement, Elizabeth Jane Poland

Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law

No abstract provided.