International Law Commons^™

Political Flip-Flopping, Political Responsibility, Current Governance, And The Disenfranchised, T.Y. Okosun

International Journal on Responsibility

No abstract provided.

What Does Responsibility Mean To Me?, Arun Gandhi

International Journal on Responsibility

No abstract provided.

Who Is Responsible To Do What For Whom? A Letter From The Editor-In-Chief, Terry Beitzel

International Journal on Responsibility

No abstract provided.

The Applicability Of Economic Sanctions To The Merits In International Arbitration Proceedings: With A Focus On The Dynamics Between Public International Law Principles, Private International Law Rules And International Arbitration Theories, Taejoon Ahn

Pepperdine Dispute Resolution Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Paris When It Sizzles: What Agenda 21 Can Tell Us About The Likely Success Of The Paris Agreement, Jennifer Devlin Calkins

Washington International Law Journal

The Paris Agreement seeks to address the problem of climate change, a pressingly urgent issue, and one that is extraordinarily difficult to tackle. A primary mitigation mechanism is the requirement that member countries report their nationally determined contributions (“NDCs”) goals and provide metrics for measuring progress in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This is a “bottom-up” mechanism that does not bind parties to particular emissions targets, but acts to shift party behavior by making progress transparent. To predict the potential effectiveness of this mechanism, this Comment investigates the effectiveness of a similar mechanism contained in Agenda 21, a plan of action …

Interpersonal Human Rights, Hanoch Dagan, Avihay Dorfmann

Cornell International Law Journal

Our increasingly globalized environment, typified by the significant role of transnational interactions, raises urgent concerns about the commission of grave transnational wrongs. Two main legal strategies— belonging, respectively, to public and private international law— offer important directions for addressing these urgent concerns. One strategy extends state obligations under human rights law to some non-state actors; the other adapts traditional private international law doctrines, notably its public policy exception. Both strategies make important advances, yet both face significant difficulties, which are all fundamentally rooted in what we call “the missing link of privity”— namely, identifying the reason for imposing the burden …

“Private” Cybersecurity Standards? Cyberspace Governance, Multistakeholderism, And The (Ir)Relevance Of The Tbt Regime, Shin-Yi Peng

Cornell International Law Journal

We are now living in a hyper-connected world, with a myriad of devices continuously linked to the Internet. Our growing dependence on such devices exposes us to a variety of cybersecurity threats. This ever-increasing connectivity means that vulnerabilities can be introduced at any phase of the software development cycle. Cybersecurity risk management, therefore, is more important than ever to governments at all developmental stages as well as to companies of all sizes and across all sectors. The awareness of cybersecurity threats affects the importance placed on the use of standards and certification as an approach.

Table Of Contents, Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review, Vol. 1, Iss. 3

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

No abstract provided.

Clearing The Path: Withdrawal Of Consent And Termination As Next Steps For Reforming International Investment Law, Lise Johnson, Jesse Coleman, Brooke Güven, Lisa E. Sachs

Columbia Center on Sustainable Investment Staff Publications

This is a crucial moment in international investment policymaking. Two factors have converged, calling for a new direction. First, it has become increasingly difficult to justify investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS); even governments that had been among its strongest proponents are now changing course and have raised a range of fundamental, systemic and inter-related issues relating to ISDS. Second, policy makers and other stakeholders have a greater awareness of the need to design appropriate policies to maximize the contributions cross-border investment can make to sustainable development. Influenced by these factors, various reform efforts related to investment policy are underway at the …

China’S Artificial Island Building Campaign In The South China Sea: Implications For The Reform Of The United Nations Convention On The Law Of The Sea, Adam W. Kohl

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

This Comment discusses the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) with reference to artificial island building in the South China Sea. China recently began an artificial island building campaign in the Spratly Island chain, which is located in the South China Sea. These artificial islands have been the subject of, and have created implications regarding, territorial disputes in the area.

UNCLOS governs international law in the context of disputes among states on the high seas. UNCLOS does have provisions that address artificial island construction and maintenance, but it mistakenly assumes that states will only construct artificial …

Intellectual Property Litigation In The Digital Age: 2018 Spring Symposium, Paul Llewellyn, Eleanor M. Lackman, Martin Schwimmer

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

The article explores the evolution of intellectual property law in the digital age, focusing on trademarks and copyrights. It examines how courts and regulatory bodies like ICANN have addressed challenges such as trademark use in online contexts, digital copyright enforcement, and domain name disputes. The analysis highlights the adaptability of legal frameworks to new technologies and the ongoing efforts to balance intellectual property rights with the functional aspects of the internet.

Hls 200: A Latina's Story About The Bicentennial, Margaret E. Montoya

Faculty Scholarship

This essay sketches an arc from my childhood to being an Harvard Law School student to my academic work and professional commitments as a law professor and an alumna of Harvard Law School, working to increase access and success in the legal and medical professions for students and faculty of color. I compare aspects of legal and medical education using demographic data as well as some observations about how diverse faculty have transformed the two professions in their respective approaches to and rationales for diversifying the professions and examine the work being done by diverse faculty in law and health. …

The Missing American Jury: Restoring The Fundamental Constitutional Role Of The Criminal, Civil, And Grand Juries, Anna Roberts

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

This is a bold book. Professor Thomas urges that the jury—criminal, civil, and grand—be recognized as a fourth “branch” (p. 5). She asserts that procedures that have contributed to the reduction of the jury’s power—including summary judgment and state prosecution without grand juries—are unconstitutional. And, as a Plan B if her constitutional arguments do not prevail, she proposes big changes that include informing juries about sentence exposure, presenting juries with any charges that were offered in plea bargaining, and requiring that juries justify their verdicts.

Making A Market For Corporate Disclosure, Kevin S. Haeberle, M. Todd Henderson

Faculty Publications

It has long been said that market forces alone will result in a problematic under-sharing of information by public companies. Since the 1930s, the main regulatory response to this market failure has come in the form of the massive mandatory-disclosure regime that sits at the foundation of modern securities law. But this regime—especially when viewed along with its speech-chilling antifraud overlay—no doubt leaves society without all the corporate information from which it would benefit. The typical fix offered to the problem has been more of the same: add to the 100-plus-page list of what firms must disclose, often based on …

Analyzing Pension Reforms In Nigeria: 14 Years After The Chilean Model, Irekpitan Okukpon

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

Pensions are regarded as a form ofsocial security in any economy because of the attendant benefits which an employee is entitled to upon retirement and as a form of lfe savings. Over the past three decades, reforms of pension schemes and the pension industry by the Nigerian government has been fraught with criticisms, particularly with regards to poor implementation ofpension schemes and lacklustre legislation. The current 2014 Pension Reform Act contains specific innovations which attempt to address the problems inherent in previous legislations, particularly with regards to sanctions and compliance measures. This paper analyzes pension schemes in Chile, highlighting the …

Vacating Criminal Convictions For Victims Of Human Trafficking: Weighing Opportunities For Expansion With A State Interest In Finality, Lori Waichman

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

The note argues that while human trafficking is illegal under both U.S. and international law, victims often face lasting harm due to criminal records for crimes committed during their exploitation. Current vacatur laws, which allow victims to clear such convictions, are limited in scope, focusing primarily on prostitution-related offenses. The note advocates for expanding these laws to cover all crimes committed as a result of trafficking, emphasizing the need to prioritize victim relief over the finality of criminal convictions. It also highlights the role of state and federal legislation in addressing these gaps and ensuring victims can rebuild their lives.

Take Me Out Of The Ballgame, Take Me Out To The Free Market: An Analysis Of Midterm Contract Renegotiation In Major League Baseball, Aaron Bretter

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

The note argues that mid-term contract renegotiations in Major League Baseball (MLB) should be permitted under specific legal doctrines, such as efficient breach, changed circumstances, and duress. It advocates for a more dynamic and equitable system where player compensation aligns with current performance, balancing fairness for players and practical considerations for teams. While the theory of efficient breach is intriguing, the doctrine of changed circumstances is posited as the most viable legal remedy for renegotiation, particularly when a player's performance significantly exceeds initial expectations.

Unwise Integration Of The Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act Into The Common Reporting Standard - Taking Taiwan As An Example, Yi-Hsin Wu

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

The note critically examines the challenges of integrating the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA) with the Common Reporting Standard (CRS), using Taiwan as a case study. It argues that integrating FATCA into CRS is unnecessary and could exacerbate compliance burdens for financial institutions, particularly in jurisdictions like Taiwan that have already invested significant resources into FATCA compliance. Instead, the note advocates for revising FATCA to clarify its provisions and reducing withholding tax obligations, while postponing CRS implementation to allow better preparation and avoid unfair competitive disadvantages.

Football In London? An Antitrust Examination Of The National Football League’S International Expansion Efforts, Michael Scott

Cardozo International & Comparative Law Review

The NFL's potential international expansion to the UK presents significant antitrust challenges in both the US and the UK, requiring careful navigation of legal frameworks and strategic planning to avoid scrutiny.

Rape In Context: Lessons For The United States From The International Criminal Court, Caroline Davidson

Cardozo Law Review

The law of rape is getting a rewrite. Domestically and internationally, major efforts are underway to reform rape laws that have failed to live up to their promises of seeking justice for victims and deterring future sexual violence. The cutting edge of international criminal law on rape eschews inquiries into consent and instead embraces an examination of coercion or a coercive environment. By contrast, in the United States, rape reform discussions typically center on consent. The American Law Institute's proposed overhaul of the Model Penal Code's provision on sexual assault carves out a middle ground and introduces, in addition to …

The Jus Ad Bellum's Regulatory Form, Monica Hakimi

Articles

This article argues that a form of legal regulation is embodied in decisions at the UN Security Council that condone but do not formally authorize specific military operations. Such decisions sometimes inflect or go beyond what the jus ad bellum permits through its general standards—that is, under the prohibition of cross-border force and small handful of exceptions. Recognizing that this form of regulation is both part of the law and different in kind from regulation through the general standards should change how we think about the jus ad bellum.

Putusan Sengketa Laut China Selatan Serta Implikasi Hukumnya Terhadap Negara Disekitar Kawasan Tersebut, Muhammad Rafi Darajati, Huala Adolf, Idris -

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

One of interesting developments about the global security is the issue of territorial disputes in the South China Sea between Philippines and China. Philippines has brought the dispute to the Permanent Court of Arbitration. The ruling from Permanent Court of Arbitration said that China’s claim about a nine-dash line does not have a legal basis. However, China rejects the ruling and remains aggressive which might cause instability in South China Sea region. This research aims to look at the implications of the ruling of the Permanent Court of Arbitration for State Parties and states around the South China Sea region. …

Fiduciary Duties In Bankruptcy And Insolvency, John A. E. Pottow

Law & Economics Working Papers

Insolvency law (bankruptcy law to some) moves so quickly in the cross-border realm that this piece's discussion, started in 2015, is probably already outdated. Nonetheless, I publish it unrepentently because it turns overdue attention to the role of soft law in this domain. Building on earlier work in which I address the role of incrementalism, I discuss the marked success of the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border Insolvency and its cognate Insolvency Regulation in the EU (the latter now into its "Recast"). As predicted/hoped, the EU Recast, joining other contemporaneous reform projects, is building upon the scaffolding of legal doctrines …

Competing Sovereignty And Laws’ Domains, Paul B. Stephan

Pepperdine Law Review

We live in a world of multiple sovereignties. Many think of nation-states as the principal sovereign actors, but sovereign substates and international institutions created by states also hold sway. Each claims a domain, an area (spatial, temporal, conceptual) over which it rules. Ruling includes adopting and applying law. When domains overlap, laws can clash. Competition among sovereigns over legal domains poses a challenge to people who take law into account as they live their lives and plan their futures. What makes these issues immediately important is the growth of the international-law enterprise over the last quarter-century. Both the ambitions and …

The Role Of International Law In Perfecting Of Juridical Education In The Republic Uzbekistan On Present Stage, G. Yuldasheva

Review of law sciences

The article “Importance of studying international law in the preparation of high-qualified lawyers in Uzbekistan”. The article considers the issues of the reform in higher education at the present stage, as well as the role and significance of the international law and European law in training highly qualified lawyers for the government, law enforcement and the private sector in Uzbekistan.

Alternative Dispute Resolution In The United States: An International Perspective For The Republic Of Uzbekistan, Jason A. Cantone J.D.,, James A. Chance

Review of law sciences

The Republic of Uzbekistan currently is considering a draft law on mediation. With regard to this, the article presents a brief account of the history and use of alternative dispute resolution in the United States, it also offers a comparison of the draft law with principles that is considered to be best practices for successful ADR programs in the United States.

Legal Regulation Of The Offer And Acceptance In The Republic Of Uzbekistan And The United States During The Conclusion Of Foreign Economic Transactions, D.I. Imamova

Review of law sciences

In this article, the author reveals features of legal regulation of the offer and acceptance in the Republic of Uzbekistan and the USA at the conclusion of the foreign economic transactions.

Testimonial Statements, Reliability, And The Sole Or Decisive Evidence Rule: A Comparative Look At The Right Of Confrontation In The United States, Canada, And Europe, Deborah Paruch

Catholic University Law Review

Criminal trials in the United States are meant to ascertain the truth. But other societal values, such as fairness to the parties and public confidence in the integrity of the process, are at stake as well. Among the cornerstone rights to protect a defendant’s right to a fair trial is the right to confrontation. The right to confrontation enables a criminal defendant to exclude hearsay evidence from a trial when the defendant did not have an opportunity to cross-examine the witness. This right has undergone substantial changes and revisions over the last decade, both in the United States and abroad. …

Ip Neutrality And Benefit Sharing For Seasonal Flu: An Argument In Favor Of Who Pip Framework Expansion, Arielle Sloan

Chicago-Kent Journal of Intellectual Property

Currently, countries that share samples of influenza viruses with a global WHO network called GISRS can participate in IP and benefitsharing agreements over their samples only if those samples are considered potential pandemic triggers. Some key players in public health want to change that by extending those protections to seasonal flu viruses. Others argue that doing so will be problematic, by, for example, creating too much red tape for vaccine research and development or by destroying the progress that has already been made in creating GISRS. In this battle between WHO stakeholders, expanding the scope of IP and benefits agreements …

The Icc Policy Paper On Sexual And Gender-Based Crimes: A Crucial Step For International Criminal Law, Valerie Oosterveld

William & Mary Journal of Race, Gender, and Social Justice

No abstract provided.