International Law Commons^™

U.S. Counterterrorism Policy And Superpower Compliance With International Human Rights Norms, Kenneth Anderson

Fordham International Law Journal

Our specific topic is Guantanamo, but in my brief remarks I would like to take the long view of U.S. counterterrorism policy (including Guantanamo) and link it to the question of the compliance of the United States, as today's superpower, with international human rights norms, its relationship to the United Nations and, speaking very broadly, international law norms as conceived by the international community. This is partly a question of the relationship of U.S. counterterrorism policy to international law. But it is also a question of the relationship of the superpower to the rest of the international community, and in …

Addressing The Emergence Of Advocacy In The Chinese Criminal Justice System: A Collaboration Between A U.S. And A Chinese Law School , Robert Lancaster, Ding Xiangshun

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article addresses how the procedural, educational, and professional changes in China’s legal system have affected criminal trial procedure and criminal trial practice in the country. It discusses how these changes have created a need for Chinese criminal judges, prosecutors, and defense attorneys to be well versed in the adversarial process. It describes how the China Trial Advocacy Institute, a collaborative project between Renmin University of China School of Law and Indiana University School of Law-Indianapolis, has developed to help address this emerging need.

When To Push The Envelope: Legal Ethics, The Rule Of Law, And National Security Strategy, Peter Margulies

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article argues for pushing the envelope when three conditions are met: (1) the executive engages in dialogue with other players, either before the fact or through timely ex post ratification; (2) pushing the envelope will generate a net positive aggregate of institutional consequences, viewed from an intermediate and long-term perspective; and (3) pushing the envelope harmonizes executive policy with evolving international or domestic norms. When these conditions are met, the lawyer for the executive should recommend the action, even if it appears inconsistent with the letter of existing law. While acting gives both the lawyer and her client “dirty …

A New Tort Code Emerges In China: An Introduction To The Discussion With A Translation Of Chapter 8- Tort Liability, Of The Official Discussion Draft Of The Proposed Revised Civil Code Of The People's Republic Of China, George W. Conk

Fordham International Law Journal

In 1986, the Sixth National People's Congress enacted the General Principles of Civil Law of the People Republic of China ("1986Code). The 1986 Code is now undergoing comprehensive revision. The Standing Committee of the National Peoples Congress (the national legislature) issued a comprehensive draft revised civil code for discussion on December 17, 2002 "Standing Committee Discussion Draft". Discussion in China of the 2002 Standing Committee Discussion Draft has recently centered on the chapter on property rights. Passed on March 16, 2007, after seven drafts, the property rights chapter has been the source, one can readily understand, of much more controversy …

Precedent And Control In Investment Treaty Arbitration, Tai-Heng Cheng

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article's thesis is that, although arbitrators in investment treaty arbitration are not formally bound by precedent in the same manner as common-law judges, there is an informal, but powerful, system of precedent that constrains arbitrators to account for prior published awards and to stabilize international investment law. This informal system, however, imperfectly supports the relevant policy goals. It is additionally being tested by an increasing diversity of arbitrators, who are themselves facing pressures from investors and host States to meet conflicting demands. This Article proposes that the structure of investment treaty arbitration can absorb such stresses if: (a) the …

Making Chinese Labor Law Work: The Prospects For Regulatory Innovation In The People's Republic Of China, Sean Cooney

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article examines the capacity of Chinese labor laws and labor institutions to combat abuses. It finds that the Chinese regulatory framework pertaining to work relationships is impeded by a failure to clarify key norms, a bureaucratic “command and control” approach to inspection and dispute resolution, and a narrow and ineffective range of tools for inducing compliance. The Article, however, also finds evidence of emerging regulatory innovation and sophistication that may lead to a much more effective legal response. The legal material relevant to China's labor abuses is vast and highly complex, so it is necessary to choose specific abuses …

Clinical Legal Education And The Reform Of The Higher Legal Education System In China, Mao Ling

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article presents an overview of the higher legal education system in China: its structure, purposes, teaching methods, and problems. The Article suggests ways to reform China's higher legal education system, including clinical legal education, one of the new practical teaching methods that has been used by many law schools in China with promising results.

An Internet-Based Mental Disability Law Program: Implications For Social Change In Nations With Developing Economies, Michael L. Perlin

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article first briefly discusses the use of distance learning in a law school environment, and considers the special implications of distance learning for persons with disabilities. It then explains the structure and rationale of these courses, reports on a course section taught in Nicaragua in the Fall-Winter of 2002, and considers plans to replicate the Nicaraguan experience throughout other nations with developing economies in Africa, Asia, Central America, and Central and Eastern Europe. Finally, this Article assesses the potential impact of such a course on developing-economy nations.

Some Thoughts On Evidence And Procedure In European Community Competition Law, Koen Lenaerts

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article is written in honor of Bo Vesterdorf, President of the Court of First Instance of the European Communities, ("CFI") a court in which we were both sitting as founding judges. Without diminishing the input of Judge Vesterdorf as President of the CFI, I would like to take this opportunity to revisit the first big cartel case that was brought to the CFI. In the so-called Polypropylene case, I was the Judge Rapporteur, and Judge Versterdorf officiated as the Advocate General. This case raised important issues as to evidence and procedure in European Community competition law. Therefore, the aim …

Expanding And Sustaining Clinical Legal Education In Developing Countries: What We Can Learn From South Africa , Peggy Maisel

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article reviews the development of clinical education in South Africa and the valuable lessons such an analysis provides for those seeking to promote clinical education elsewhere. This Article reviews the obstacles faced in South Africa and the creative ways clinicians have attempted to overcome them, some much more successful than others.

Some Reflections On The Notion Of "State Resources" In European Community State Aid Law, Andrea Biondi

Fordham International Law Journal

In this Article the author givesPart I of this Article goes through a brief overview of the contours of state aid in the European Union. Part II is devoted to a specific aspect of the acquis communitaire. As it is well known, Article 87 [of the European Community Treaty] identifies the five preconditions for a State measure to be defined as aid: Transfer of State resources, advantage, selectivity, distortion of competition, and effect on intra-Community trade. The reflections in this Part is confined to the first of those conditions.

Standing Of Private Plaintiffs To Annul Generally Applicable European Community Measures: If The System Is Broken, Where Should It Be Fixed?, Xavier Lewis

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article will examine the problem of the standing of private litigants by putting the action for annulment in its context. It will describe briefly how the Treaty of Rome set up a complex system in which the acts of the EC Institutions could be reviewed, a task that is shared between the European Courts and the courts of the Member States. It will also describe briefly the different correctives introduced by the Court of Justice and the Court of First Instance to the system as initially envisaged. It will be seen that a good deal of flexibility has been …

Irregular Maritime Migration: Refugee Protection Issues In Rescue And Interception, Barbara Miltner

Fordham International Law Journal

This Article undertakes a review of maritime interception and rescue-at-sea practices by evaluating the nature and scope of legal protection that each mechanism affords to refugees encountered at sea. For both interception and rescue, the underlying legal framework and State practice will be discussed, and longstanding protection gaps inherent in each will be examined. Attention is then turned to recent protection improvements in both rescue and interception. These recent changes will be analyzed for their strengths and weaknesses, and some suggestions for improving maritime interception safeguards are offered.

Unclos And The Arctic: The Path Of Least Resistance, Mark Jarashow, Michael B. Runnels, Tait Svenson

Fordham International Law Journal

This Note discusses the territorial disputes in the Arctic, which are becoming increasingly contentious as a result of the Arctic melt, and the potential resolutions through the mechanisms of international law. Part I discusses the scientific consensus regarding the changing Arctic climate and the resulting conflicts that arise from increased interests in the region. Part II evaluates the varying legal paradigms that may be utilized in order to navigate through the competing claims. Part III argues that, given the uncertainties surrounding both the outcome of any potential International Court of Justice ("ICJ") decision and entering into an Arctic Treaty, universal …

Table Of Contents - Issue 1

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

The Failure Of U.S. Antidumping Mechanisms And Its Relation To The Global Shrimping Industry, Ron Eritano

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Notice Under Article 36: The Vienna Convention Dilemma, Linda Holshouser

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Editors Page

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

The Calculus Of Plagiarism: Toward A Contrastive Approach To Teaching Chinese Lawyers, Robin Nilon

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Shrimp Dumping: An Analysis Of Antidumping Laws In The United States And The World Trade Organization, Curtis Beaulieu

South Carolina Journal of International Law and Business

No abstract provided.

Faith, The State, And The Humility Of International Law, Mark Weston Janis

Faculty Articles and Papers

Father Robert Drinan, long a leading advocate of human rights, has had a distinguished career serving as a U.S. congressman from Massachusetts, as Dean of the Boston College Law School, and now as Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law Center. Father Drinan's new book, Can God and Caesar Coexist?: Balancing Religious Freedom and International Law, sensitively and persuasively sets out the often tortuous relations among religion (the God of his title), national governments (Caesar), and international law (the new and possibly helpful partner in this relationship). My essay employs the facts and arguments in Father Drinan's Can God and …

Gendered Subjects Of Transitional Justice, Katherine M. Franke

Faculty Scholarship

Transitional societies must contend with a range of complex challenges as they seek to come to terms with and move beyond an immediate past saturated with mass murder, rape, torture, exploitation, disappearance, displacement, starvation, and all other manner of human suffering. Questions of justice figure prominently in these transitional moments, and they do so in a dual fashion that is at once backward and forward looking. Successor governments must think creatively about building institutions that bring justice to the past, while at the same time demonstrate a commitment that justice will form a bedrock of governance in the present and …

Toward Facilitating A Voice For Politically Marginalized Minorities And Enhancing Presidential Public Accountability And Transparency In Foreign Health Policymaking, Nina J. Crimm

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Residents of underdeveloped countries who belong to ethnic, racial, sexual, and political minorities usually endure relatively ineffective political voices. More than any other world population segment, these marginalized people are vulnerable to, and suffer from, compromised health and life expectancies. Their immense human tolls have spawned severe global humanitarian, economic, social, political, and security dilemmas contrary to the strategic interests of the United States. Despite recognition of these devastating harms here and abroad, the president as de facto primary U.S. foreign policymaker continues to formulate foreign health policy in an insular policymaking environment. The insularity enables the president to design …

Doctrines Without Borders: Territorial Jurisdiction And The Force Of International Law In The Wake Of Rasul V. Bush, Brennan T. Brooks

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Following the attacks of September 11, 2001, the United States responded with military action aimed at eradicating terrorist networks around the world. The action in Afghanistan resulted in several hundred captured enemy combatants being sent to the U.S. naval base at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba. Because the base is not within the territory of the United States, the Bush administration took the position that the detainees could be held indefinitely without review in civilian courts. In a surprising move, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the detainees did have a right to petition civilian courts for habeas corpus review. Thus, the …

Harold G. Maier: A World Class Fellow Indeed, Paul M. Kurtz

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Hal Maier has played many roles in my life: he has been my teacher, my boss, my advisor, my colleague, and most and best of all, my friend. In all those roles, he has exhibited enthusiasm, patience, tact, and brilliance. Not at all a bad combination, I would say.

Come with me back to his classroom, circa 1970-1971. The subject is Conflict of Laws (which was required back then) or Law of the European Economic Community (which one with no interest in international law only took because of the masterful teacher). Clad in white shirt and oh-so-narrow tie which he …

Finding The Winning Combination: How Blending Organ Procurement Systems Used Internationally Can Reduce The Organ Shortage, Sarah E. Statz

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The shortage in transplantable organs worldwide not only leads to unnecessary death, but also to grave human rights abuses through illegal methods of procuring organs. The shortage leads some desperate to find an organ through any possible means, including purchasing an organ on the black market. The system for procuring organs in the United States is based on altruism, where potential donors have to opt in to the system in order for their organs to be donated. This creates issues at the time of death for medical professionals or the next of kin to decide whether their patient or loved …

The International Criminal Court: Defining Complementarity And Diving Implications For The United States, Julie B. Martin

Loyola University Chicago International Law Review

No abstract provided.

Medellin, Norm Portals, And The Horizontal Integration Of International Human Rights, Margaret E. Mcguinness

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

The dominant narrative of the Medellín v. Dretke line of cases challenging widespread noncompliance by the United States with the notification provisions of Article 36 of the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (VCCR) tells a story of vertical treaty enforcement. The United States has agreed to be bound by a treaty that requires law enforcement authorities to inform foreign nationals arrested in this country of their right to notify their consulates and also requires authorities to permit the foreign consulate to assist its nationals. The United States has further agreed that the International Court of Justice (ICJ) has jurisdiction …

Exploring The Limits Of International Human Rights Law, Margaret E. Mcguiness

Faculty Publications

(Excerpt)

The Limits of International Law stands on the shoulders of international relations realists who have traditionally argued that international law does not affect interstate relations and is therefore unworthy of much scholarly attention. International law scholars have in many ways set out to disprove the realist claim and explain the sources and effects of law as separate from politics: Why do states, which are driven primarily (according to realist theory) by a need to protect and expand security interests, insist on using international law at all? In Limits, Jack Goldsmith and Eric Posner engage both the international relations …