International Law Commons^™

The War In Iraq And Imf Reform, S. Brock Blomberg

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

IMF is largely failing in its mission to address economic stability. However, the Commission unanimously supported a proposal maintaining that the IMF continues to restrict short-term crises assistance. Why limit IMF assistance? Since the IMF provides funds to countries in need, the expectation of such assistance creates moral hazard or incentives that encourage reckless behavior and bad policies for countries. In other words, countries may not make necessary economic reforms because they believe that the IMF will bail them out during difficult times, especially if there is an important strategic interest in preventing a country from economic crisis. good economic …

Islamic Law And The International Protection Of Women's Rights:, Caroline E. Nicolai

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

Part I of this article develops Nigeria's history of political unrest and deeply divided Muslim and Christian population resulting in the recent emergence of religious governance by Shari'a Law. Part II describes current international law as well as Nigeria's international commitments under three specific treaties. The three treaties discussed are the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women ("CEDA W"), the Optional Protocol to CEDA W ("The Protocol"), and the Convention Against Torture, and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment ("CAT"). Part III details how Shari'a Law conflicts with Nigeria's commitments under the treaties …

Iraq And The Future Of United States Foreign Policy : Failures Of Legitmacy, Henry H. Perritt Jr.

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This article evaluates the political trusteeship in Iraq, and concludes that the United States failed to apply many lessons that the international community learned from preceding political trusteeships, and that the result is likely to be a serious unraveling of important, though intangible, sources of leverage for U. S. foreign policy and national security. The Iraq intervention has distracted attention from more important foreign policy objectives, including the urgent effort to understand the genesis of terrorism and to mobilize American resources to reduce the terrorist threat, while working through multilateral frameworks. Accomplishment of these is necessary for achieving important foreign …

2003-2004 Survey Of International Law In The Second : Recognition Of Foreign Judgments, P. C. Kulp

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

In Films By Jove, Inc. v. Berov, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York recognized the sovereignty and independence of the United States judiciary in the international arena. In its decision, the Court acknowledged the pervasive corruption in the Russian legal system and revealed an interest in protecting United States business interests. In disregarding the decision of the High Arbitrazh Court of the Russian Federation, Russia's court of last resort, the Court discounted international principles of comity. In doing so, the Court conveyed intolerance for corruption. Future opinions will therefore rely on this decision in …

2003-2004 Survey Of International Law In The Second: Convention Against Torture, Pooja Sethi

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

In Mu-Xing Wang v. John Ashcroft, the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit announced that they had not set forth a test as to how the Board of Immigration Appeals should apply the facts to the relevant law in habeas review petitions. A specific test was not outlined, because the court decided that the Board of Immigration Appeals [hereinafter BIA] applied the facts properly to the law in Wang's Convention Against Torture claim. Furthermore, on the due process claim, in looking at whether Wang has been denied his due process rights under the Fifth Amendment of the …

2003-2004 Survey Of International Law In The Second: Universal Jurisdiction, Swati Desai

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The debate over international jurisdiction has even extended to the United States, where the Second Circuit ruled that the United States, and specifically the State of New York, had jurisdiction over the 1993 World Trade Center attackers, and that jurisdiction did not arise under the principles of universal jurisdiction, but rather under the extraterritorial jurisdiction principle, the protective principle, the passive personality principle, and the objective territoriality principle of customary international law. This survey will cover only the international law implications of United States v. Yousef Facts and issues are limited to that subject matter. This case is a combination …

On The Problem Of Utilizing Unilateral Action To Prevent Acts Of Sea Piracy And Terrorism: A Proactive Approach To The Evolution Of International Law, Leticia Diaz, Barry H. Dubner

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The goal of this article is to determine how the international community can prevent piracy and terrorism. The irony is that perhaps piracy may subside at last, but only as a result of the increased efforts of the international community to prevent terrorism. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to explore the parameters of the problems and trends toward serious destruction connected to these acts and to suggest that if regional approaches fail, certain unilateral actions against the perpetrators may be necessary in order to avoid massive human and environmental destruction. The core question is whether unilateral action growing …

The Legal Implications Of Living With Hiv/Aids In A Developing Country: The Afican Story, Florence Shu-Acquaye

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This article looks at customary and statutory laws, such as polygamy, widow inheritance, and other cultural practices that have contributed to the entrenchment of the disease in Africa, particularly sub-Saharan Africa. 7 It also provides a discussion of the African dilemma with recommendations. The article further looks at how weak human rights laws are and how the stigmatization associated with HIV/AIDS has contributed to the multi-faceted and complex nature of this disease in Africa. Additionally, it evaluates the possibility of changing or amending some of the related existing laws by offering a checklist for policy makers and legislators. Finally, the …

The Evolving Law On The Eurobank-Customer Relationship And The Common Law : The Need For Clarity, Edmund M. Kwaw

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This article discusses the nature and operation of the euro-currency market and how the legal consequences of the euro-bank customer relationship are different from the domestic banker-customer relationship. It argues that there is a need for a redefinition of the common law on the banker-customer relationship.

The Police Powers: A Pretext For Protectionism?, David M. Nelson

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The first part of this note will define administrative and technical regulations and discuss recent trends toward these regulations in the European Community. The second part will concentrate on protectionism and analyze the negative effects of protectionism on consumers and producers. This part will set forth four arguments against protectionism. These four rationales can be divided into: (1) economic rationale; (2) retaliation rationale; (3) legitimacy of international law; and (4) purpose of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Part three will examine the current legal atmosphere surrounding health and safety regulations. This part will examine the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary …

International Legal Careers: Paths And Directions, James R. Maxeiner

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This contribution first advances the hypothesis that there is no acknowledged path to a career in international legal practice. It then considers the value of international credentials in general in the light of that hypothesis. Finally, it discusses certain education and employment decisions one must make early in one's career.

The European Intergovernmental Conference: An American Perspective, George A. Bermann

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

the European IGCs invariably also hold interest from a comparative constitutional law perspective. Judged in these terms, the IGC is a highly curious phenomenon. This article seeks to sketch what appear to be the most salient characteristics of the intergovernmental conference as a general instrument of constitutional reform. In so doing, it also examines the fruits of the latest intergovernmental conference-the IGC that opened in Turin, Italy, in March 1996 and culminated in the Amsterdam Treaty of 1997. Finally, it implies some of the ways in which the intergovernmental conference, as a vehicle for constitutional reform, might in the future …

The Presidency Of The Council Of The European Union, Bernhard Schloh

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

There are five distinctive functions of the Presidency of the Council. They are: as manager of Council business; as a source of political initiatives; as a package-broker in negotiations; as a point of contact with other Community institutions; and as a representative of the Community in external relations. In the following pages, the first three of these functions will be grouped under the heading "The Presidency of the Council, internally," with two subheadings: General considerations, and; Specific comments respectively. The fourth will be enlarged to allow a discussion of the presidency of the European Council, and the fifth has obviously …

U.S. Income Taxation Of Foreign Parties: A Primer, Ernest R. Larkins

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

Over the last five years for which data are available, the number of foreign corporations showing net income on Form 1120F, U.S. Income Tax Return of a Foreign Corporation, has increased 36.5 percent. [1] In addition, the number of individuals granted temporary stays in the United States as non-immigrants has steadily increased from 9.5 million in 1985 to 24.8 million in 1996, an average annual increase of 9.1 percent. [2] These increases evidence growing opportunities to serve international clients and suggest that tax professionals must have a fundamental working knowledge of the way the U.S. tax system treats foreign parties. …

Front Matter

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Economic Espionage: The Front Line Of A New World Economic War

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Sur La Non-Codification Du Droit International Prive Francais, Paul Lagarde

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The private international law is essentially positive fran9ais is by the case law of the Court of Cassation, which s is long Leaning on skeletal Article 3 of the Civil Code and prepare today to avoid prolonging the fiction, based on that it calls general principles of private international law and which are only the formulation this same jurisprudence.

Front Matter And Dedication

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

Dedication to Professor Peter E. Herzog, CRANDALL MELVIN PROFESSOR OF LAW The Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce is greatly honored to dedicate our twenty-fifth issue to Professor Peter E. Herzog. It is with profound admiration and respect that we honor our most senior faculty member here at the College of Law. We can think of no greater way to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of our Journal.

Syracuse Journal Of International Law And Commerce - Vol. 26, No. 1 (Complete)

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

1997-1998 Survey Of International Law In The Second Circuit

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This survey reviews significant case law from the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, the Federal District Courts in New York, and the New York Court of Appeals decided from Aug. 1, 1997 through Aug. 1, 1998. Only those cases which overturned old law and/or broke new ground were included in this survey. Consequently, cases that simply reaffirmed previous decisions were not reported.

Table of Contents I. Foreign Sovereign Immunity Act II. Forum Non-Conveniens III. Immigration and Nationality Act IV. Quasi-In-Rem Jurisdiction and the Question of Due Process for Foreign Entities V. Warsaw Convention

Saddam Hussein As Hostes Humani Generis? Should The U.S. Intervene?, Edieth Y. Wu

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

This article discusses several jurisdictional principles which may assist the United States in its efforts to acquire jurisdiction in certain situations that are declared, by the United States, egregious enough to warrant intervention. The United States has long used the "effects doctrine" 1 to assert extraterritorial jurisdiction. This article concentrates on developing and employing the Hostes Humani Generis Theory 2 and its past and possible future use. The central focus is to determine whether the possibility exists that the United States may use the theory in an effort to acquire physical jurisdiction over Saddam Hussein.

A survey, though not comprehensive, …

American Assistance To Litigation In Foreign And International Tribunals: Section 1782 Of Title 28 Of The U.S.C. Revisited, Hans Smit

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

In the following, primary consideration will be given to the constructions given to Section 1782 by the courts. My conclusion will be that, on the whole, Section 1782 has served its intended purpose, that, on occasion, some courts have given it a construction that is at odds with both its clear text and evident purpose, but that it is reasonable to expect that, over time, the courts and commentators will fall into line and will apply Section 1782 in a manner consistent with its purpose of facilitating the conduct of litigation with international aspects.

The French Refere Procedure And Conflicts Of Human Rights, Wallace R. Baker, Patrick De Fontbressin

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The purpose of this article will be to ascertain to what extent Pierre Drai' s prediction has been realized. We examine cases where the ref ere procedure has been used in private human rights disputes where one party seeks to limit the right of freedom of the press or expression by claiming such right has been used illegally or in an abusive way. We will not deal with human rights violations by member states.

The Sps Agreement Of The World Trade Organization And International Organizations: The Roles Of The Codex Alimentarius Commission, The International Plant Protection Convention, And The International Office Of Epizootics, Terence P. Stewart, David S. Johanson

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The proper fanctioning of the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) depends in part upon three international organizations, the Codex Alimentarius Commission (Codex), the International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC), and the International Office of Epizootics (OIE). The SPS Agreement states that the sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) standards of these organizations are the benchmark international standards for WTO members, and recent WTO decisions demonstrate the importance of international standards in the settlement of WTO disputes involving SPS measures. The Codex, IPPC, and OIE also provide valuable services that benefit the …

Book Review, Henry H. Perritt Jr.

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

Book Review: Richard Haas, The Reluctant Sheriff: The United States After the Cold War, New York, Council on Foreign Relations (1997)

A Dynasty Weaned From Biotechnology: The Emerging Face Of China

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Re-Thinking Self-Determination: A Critical Analysis Of Current International Law Theories, Deborah Z. Cass

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the need to re-think the principle of self-determination by establishing that an undesirable level of uncertainty exists regarding the usage of the term, and to show that a major cause of the confusion is due to the inadequacy of conventional approaches. These objectives will be achieved by identifying and evaluating conflicting approaches toward the meaning of self-determination, proposing an explanation for why the debate has evolved and suggesting which approach best serves the needs of the international community.

1990-91 Survey Of International Law In The Second Circuit, Douglas Hollowell

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

WARSAW CONVENTION : Victoria Sales Corp. v. Emery Air Freight Inc., 917 F.2d 705 (2d Cir. 1990); Recovery of money damages afforded under article 18 of the Warsaw Convention does not extend to loss of cargo outside the physical boundaries of an airport . In re Air Disaster At Lockerbie, Scotland (Rein v. Pan American World Airways, Inc.), 928 F.2d 1267 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 112 S. Ct. 331 (1991); Punitive damages are not recoverable under article 17 of the Warsaw Convention even in the case of willful misconduct by an airline. C. Sulewski v. Federal Express Corp., 933 F.2d …

The Law Professor Refugee, Bernhard Grossfeld, Peter Winship

Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce

Jurists operate with, and think in, language; it is a matter of life or death for their professional activity. When their linguistic environment is changed, they lose their natural freedom of expression. They are thrown into the cage of a foreign language - a language that will seldom come as naturally as is necessary to express their creativity. He often loses his emotional and intellectual identity! In this essay we seek to cast light on this loss of identity. In doing so, we hope to bring out from the shadows some of the frustrations and tribulations of the law professor …