Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Human Rights Law Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2006

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type

Articles 241 - 270 of 382

Full-Text Articles in Human Rights Law

The Universal Declaration On Bioethics And Human Rights: Promoting International Discussion On The Morality Of Non-Therapeutic Research On Children, Anna Gercas Jan 2006

The Universal Declaration On Bioethics And Human Rights: Promoting International Discussion On The Morality Of Non-Therapeutic Research On Children, Anna Gercas

Michigan Journal of International Law

After describing the Declaration and its drafting history, this Note will summarize several international, national, and regional guidelines regarding children as research subjects. The Note then argues for a prohibition of non-therapeutic research on children and concludes that international human rights law offers the most appropriate basis for the development of regulations on human experimentation.

Go to article

Regional Projects Require Regional Planning: Human Rights Impacts Arising From Infrastructure Projects, Abby Rubinson Jan 2006

Regional Projects Require Regional Planning: Human Rights Impacts Arising From Infrastructure Projects, Abby Rubinson

Michigan Journal of International Law

Regional projects require regional planning to avoid potentially disastrous environmental and human rights abuses. Focusing on the Rio Madeira project in Brazil as a case study in the impacts of infrastructure projects, this Note identifies the harm anticipated from these projects and highlights the need for verification of official predictions of such harm. It then proceeds to a legal analysis, addressing the applicable international law, Brazilian law, and regional legal frameworks and outlining the negative legal consequences arising from inadequate impact assessments. In light of these negative legal implications, the Note concludes by illustrating the need to proceed with planning …

Go to article

Designating The Dangerous: From Blacklists To Watch Lists, Daniel J. Steinbock Jan 2006

Designating The Dangerous: From Blacklists To Watch Lists, Daniel J. Steinbock

Seattle University Law Review

This Article aims to remedy that gap with respect to one important component of the country's current anti-terrorism strategy watch lists and to suggest some ways to avoid the worst excesses of the 1950s. A comparison of the two periods also serves to shed some light on the question of whether our institutions have learned from the experiences of the past in striking the balance between security and civil liberties. Part II of this Article gives a brief and broad-brush description of the McCarthy era blacklists and loyalty-security programs. Part III then describes the operation, bases for inclusion, and uses …

Go to article

Sexual Labor And Human Rights, Berta E. Hernández-Truyol, Jane E. Larson Jan 2006

Sexual Labor And Human Rights, Berta E. Hernández-Truyol, Jane E. Larson

UF Law Faculty Publications

In this Article, we engage the current human rights debate that dichotomizes prostitution either as a modern form of slavery or as the exercise of the right to work. This framework effectively sets up a coercion/consent polarity. These poles raise fundamental human rights issues; both the prohibition against slavery and the right to work are matters addressed by and central to the international human rights paradigm. Yet we argue in this Article that the human rights issues raised by prostitution cannot properly be studied nor moved towards meaningful resolution in the context of the prevailing polarity. Prostitution in its current …

Go to article

Beyond A Snapshot: Preventing Human Trafficking In The Global Economy, Janie Chuang Jan 2006

Beyond A Snapshot: Preventing Human Trafficking In The Global Economy, Janie Chuang

Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies

Current legal responses to the problem of human trafficking often reflect a deep reluctance to address the socioeconomic root causes of the problem. Because they approach trafficking as an act (or series of acts) of violence, most responses focus predominantly on prosecuting traffickers, and to a lesser extent, protecting trafficked persons. While such approaches might account for the consequences of trafficking, they tend to overlook the broader socioeconomic reality that drives trafficking in human beings. Against this backdrop, this article seeks to reframe trafficking as a migratory response to current globalizing socioeconomic trends. It argues that, to be effective, countertrafficking …

Go to article

Sovereignty, Identity, And The Apparatus Of Death, Tawia Baidoe Ansah Jan 2006

Sovereignty, Identity, And The Apparatus Of Death, Tawia Baidoe Ansah

Faculty Publications

Ten years after the genocide in Rwanda, the government issued broad new laws outlawing the use of ethnic categories, with a view to uniting all Rwandans under a single Rwandan identity. This self-erasure of ethnic identity is deployed primarily within the borders of the state, to enable reconciliation after the genocide in 1994. Outside the borders, the state deploys ethnic identity as one of the rationales for its cross-border wars (in the Democratic Republic of Congo).

Go to article

The Dual Model Of Balancing: A Model For The Proper Scope Of Balancing In Constitutional Law, Iddo Porat Jan 2006

The Dual Model Of Balancing: A Model For The Proper Scope Of Balancing In Constitutional Law, Iddo Porat

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Indigenous Self-Determination And Research On Human Genetic Material: A Consideration Of The Relevance Of Debates On Patents And Informed Consent, And The Political Demands On Researchers, Constance Macintosh Jan 2006

Indigenous Self-Determination And Research On Human Genetic Material: A Consideration Of The Relevance Of Debates On Patents And Informed Consent, And The Political Demands On Researchers, Constance Macintosh

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

Genetic research involving indigenous populations provokes many legal, ethical and cultural issues. Arguably, of these issues, two dominate the literature. The first is whether human genetic materials are or ought to be patentable, which is often argued against on the basis that such patents offend human dignity generally and are culturally offensive to many indigenous peoples. The second is whether researchers must obtain informed consent from representatives of indigenous groups as a whole before attempting to obtain consent for participation from individual members of that group. I argue that there is limited benefit in continuing to debate the patentability of …

Go to article

Assessing Human Trafficking In Canada Flawed Strategies And The Rhetoric Of Human Rights, Constance Macintosh Jan 2006

Assessing Human Trafficking In Canada Flawed Strategies And The Rhetoric Of Human Rights, Constance Macintosh

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

This paper will present the argument that Canada’s rhetoric of protecting the human rights of trafficking victims is at odds with its practice. Trafficking victims are treated essentially the same as any other irregular migrant, and the specter of trafficking is invoked to justify acts which arguably violate Canada’s international human rights obligations. This paper will offer an overview of what little information is available regarding the extent of trafficking in Canada, and then will conduct a close examination of the Canadian approach to trafficking and its victims. In addition to considering the logic and consequences of the Canadian strategy …

Go to article

A Return To Eyes On The Prize: Litigating Under The Restored New York City Human Rights Law, Craig Gurian Jan 2006

A Return To Eyes On The Prize: Litigating Under The Restored New York City Human Rights Law, Craig Gurian

Fordham Urban Law Journal

The recent enactment of the Local Civil Rights Restoration Act ("Restoration Act") reflects the New York City Council's concern that the City Human Rights Law "has been construed too narrowly." The law explicitly rejects the "carbon copy" theory and seeks an independent construction from similar or identical provisions of New York state or federal statutes. The Restoration Act proceeds along two basic tracks. One track consists of a series of amendments to particular sections of the law. These amendments expand retaliation protection, raise the maximum civil penalties that can be awarded in proceeding brought administratively, protect domestic partners against all …

Go to article

The Limits Of Courage And Principle, Jedediah S. Purdy Jan 2006

The Limits Of Courage And Principle, Jedediah S. Purdy

Faculty Scholarship

Michael Ignatieff, the director of the Carr Center for Human Rights at Harvard's Kennedy School of Government, is not a lawyer. His work, however, treats issues of core concern to lawyers: nation-building, human rights, the ethics of warfare, and now, in his latest book, the proper relationship between liberty and security. The Lesser Evil is, in part, a book a legal scholar might have written: a normative framework for lawmaking in the face of the terror threat. It is also something more unusual: an exercise in an older type of jurisprudence. Ignatieff discusses law in the light of moral psychology …

Go to article

Recognizing Victimhood, Christine Wilke Jan 2006

Recognizing Victimhood, Christine Wilke

Studio for Law and Culture

The category of victimhood resonates deeply with many contemporary struggles for recognition without, however, receiving similar attention by political theories of recognition. Many “struggles for recognition” are fought with explicit reference to massive injustice that have ceased without having been publicly recognized as injustices. The state responses to claims for the recognition of victimhood mirror, I will argue, the state’s dominant conceptions of justice and injustice. In many cases, the state affirms its conceptions of injustice and moral innocence through the selective recognition of victims. For example, the U.S. government has granted Japanese-Americans interned during the Second World War an …

Go to article

Of Takeovers, Foreign Investment And Human Rights: Unpacking The Noranda-Minmetals Conundrum, Aaron A. Dhir Jan 2006

Of Takeovers, Foreign Investment And Human Rights: Unpacking The Noranda-Minmetals Conundrum, Aaron A. Dhir

Articles & Book Chapters

In September 2004 Toronto-based Noranda Inc., one of the world's largest producers of nickel and copper, and China Minmetals Corp., a state-owned Chinese company, announced exclusive talks regarding a potential 100 percent buy-out of Noranda. The proposed friendly takeover was expected to be valued at approximately $7.4 billion USD. The dynamic shifted, however, in mid-November when Noranda announced that the exclusivity period for negotiations had expired and would not be renewed. In early March 2005 Noranda expressed frustration at the continuing lengthy process, which was depressing its share value. At the time, Noranda owned 59 percent of leading Canadian nickel …

Go to article

The Limits Of Courage And Principle, Jedediah Purdy Jan 2006

The Limits Of Courage And Principle, Jedediah Purdy

Faculty Scholarship

Reviewing Michael Ignatieff, The Lesser Evil: Political Ethics in an Age of Terror (2004)

Go to article

The Provincial Archive As A Place Of Memory: The Role Of Former Slaves In The Cuban War Of Independence (1895-98), Rebecca Scott Jan 2006

The Provincial Archive As A Place Of Memory: The Role Of Former Slaves In The Cuban War Of Independence (1895-98), Rebecca Scott

Book Chapters

Prof. Scott focuses on the study of the role of former slaves in the Cuban War of Independence, in light of the avoidance of the theme of race within this war in Cuban historiography. She discusses reasons for the silence on race issues, and for the historic construction of the "myth" of racial equality in this era.

Go to article

The False Panacea Of Offshore Deterrence, James C. Hathaway Jan 2006

The False Panacea Of Offshore Deterrence, James C. Hathaway

Articles

Governments take often shockingly blunt action to deter refugees and other migrants found on the high seas, in their island territories and in overseas enclaves. There is a pervasive belief that when deterrence is conducted at arms-length from the homeland it is either legitimate or, at the very least, immune from legal accountability.

Go to article

The Gender Of Jus Cogens, Christine M. Chinkin, Hilary Charlesworth Jan 2006

The Gender Of Jus Cogens, Christine M. Chinkin, Hilary Charlesworth

Book Chapters

Defenders of the notion of jus cogens often explain its basis as the collective international, rather than the individual national, good. On this analysis, principles of jus cogens play a similar role in the international legal system to that played by constitutional guarantees of rights in domestic legal systems. Thus states, as national political majorities, accept the limitation of their freedom of choice "in order to reap the rewards of acting in ways that would elude them under pressures of the moment." Among those jurists who accept the category of jus cogens, however, continuing controversy remains over what norms …

Go to article

Imagine A World Without Hunger: The Hurdles Of Global Justice, Muna B. Ndulo Jan 2006

Imagine A World Without Hunger: The Hurdles Of Global Justice, Muna B. Ndulo

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Practicing What We Preach: Humane Treatment For Detainees In The War On Terror, Jennifer Moore Jan 2006

Practicing What We Preach: Humane Treatment For Detainees In The War On Terror, Jennifer Moore

Faculty Scholarship

This article sets forth both principled and pragmatic arguments for the fair and humane treatment of all individuals detained in the war on terror derived from both U.S. and international law. Section II explores the human dimension of the "war on terror." Section IIA critiques the use of the metaphor of war to characterize counter-terrorism policy. Section IIB examines the experiences of several individuals apprehended by the United States on suspicion of involvement in terrorism, including the response of U.S. courts to their detention without charge as "unlawful combatants." Section III offers possible explanations for the phenomenon by which the …

Go to article

The Right To Food: Holding Global Actors Accountable Under International Law, Smita Narula Jan 2006

The Right To Food: Holding Global Actors Accountable Under International Law, Smita Narula

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Economic globalization represents both an unmet opportunity and a significant challenge for the fulfillment of social and economic rights, including the right to food. While corporate sector accountability and the responsibility of international financial institutions (IFIs) to ensure social and economic rights are now at the forefront of the globalization discourse, greater attention must be paid to how these actors can be held accountable under international law. The existing human rights legal framework is ill-equipped to deal with violations committed by non-state actors, such as transnational corporations (TNCs), and multi-state actors, such as IFIs. Using the right to food as …

Go to article

Reflections On The Law Review Symposium On Women’S Rights And Pornography: Big Sister, Big Brother, And The Role Of Legal Scholarship In Affirming Human Rights, Nadine Strossen Jan 2006

Reflections On The Law Review Symposium On Women’S Rights And Pornography: Big Sister, Big Brother, And The Role Of Legal Scholarship In Affirming Human Rights, Nadine Strossen

NYLS Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

From The Exile Files: An Essay On Trading Justice For Peace, Michael P. Scharf Jan 2006

From The Exile Files: An Essay On Trading Justice For Peace, Michael P. Scharf

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Civil Gideon: A Human Right Elsewhere In The World, Raven Lidman Jan 2006

Civil Gideon: A Human Right Elsewhere In The World, Raven Lidman

Faculty Articles

The right to free counsel in civil cases is widely accepted around the world but not in the United States. In England the right originated over five hundred years ago. Twelve European countries provided the poor with free lawyers even before 1979, when the Council of Europe required its members to do so as a matter of international human rights law. The standards for eligibility and scope of legal services vary, and means and merit tests are common.

Go to article

Fugitive Slaves And Ship-Jumping Sailors: The Enforcement And Survival Of Coerced Labor, Jonathan M. Gutoff Jan 2006

Fugitive Slaves And Ship-Jumping Sailors: The Enforcement And Survival Of Coerced Labor, Jonathan M. Gutoff

Law Faculty Scholarship

This article explores the relationship between the law of maritime labor and the law of slavery. In the eighteenth century, both sailors and slaves were part of a broad regime of unfree labor relations, with slaves, of course, the most oppressed. In the nineteenth century, an era otherwise supposedly devoted to the ideal of "free" labor, sailors and slaves instead remained unfree, subject to federal laws providing for the forced return to their toils if they deserted - the Merchant Seaman's Act and the Fugitive Slave Act. Both of those statutes were deemed to be within Congress' authority, despite questionable …

Go to article

The Cultural, Political, And Legal Climate Behind The Fight To Stop Trafficking In Women: William J. Clinton's Legacy To Women's Rights, Susan Tiefenbrun Jan 2006

The Cultural, Political, And Legal Climate Behind The Fight To Stop Trafficking In Women: William J. Clinton's Legacy To Women's Rights, Susan Tiefenbrun

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article examines the Clinton Administration's significant contributions to advancing women's rights, particularly through landmark legislation such as the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA). These efforts, including the appointment of women to high office, reflect a cultural shift toward valuing women's roles and protecting them from exploitation. The TVPA, reauthorized under subsequent administrations, has had a lasting domestic and international impact in combating human trafficking and supporting victims. The article highlights the importance of legislative and judicial approaches in addressing violence against women and promoting gender equality.

Go to article

Sosa V. Alvarez-Machain And Human Rights Claims Against Corporations Under The Alien Tort Statute, Carlos Manuel Vázquez Jan 2006

Sosa V. Alvarez-Machain And Human Rights Claims Against Corporations Under The Alien Tort Statute, Carlos Manuel Vázquez

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Contrary to the claims of some observers, the Supreme Court's decision in Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain does not sound the death knell for the use of the Alien Tort Statute to maintain human rights claims against private corporations in the U.S. courts. The decision clarifies the nature of claims under the Alien Tort Statue to some extent, and places some limits on the theories available in actions against private corporations, but for the most part such suits remain as viable after Sosa as they were before. That is not to say, however, that victims of corporate human rights violations in developing …

Go to article

The Equality Paradise: Paradoxes Of The Law's Power To Advance Equality, Marcia L. Mccormick Jan 2006

The Equality Paradise: Paradoxes Of The Law's Power To Advance Equality, Marcia L. Mccormick

All Faculty Scholarship

This paper, written for Texas Wesleyan Law School's Gloucester Conference, ¿Too Pure an Air: Law and the Quest for Freedom, Justice, and Equality,¿ is a brief exploration of a broader project. Every civil rights movement must struggle with how to allocate scarce resources to accomplish the broadest change possible. This paper compares the legal and political strategies of the Black rights movement and the women's rights movement in the United States, comparing both the strategy choices and the results. These two movement followed essentially the same strategies. Where they have attained success and where each has failed demonstrates the limits …

Go to article

Human Rights And Transnational Culture: Regulating Gender Violence Through Global Law, Sally Engle Merry Jan 2006

Human Rights And Transnational Culture: Regulating Gender Violence Through Global Law, Sally Engle Merry

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

In the current era of human rights activism, the global production of human rights approaches to violence against women generates a wide variety of localization processes. Activists translate between global discourses and local contexts and meanings. Culture is conceptualized in quite different and sometimes contradictory ways in this process. Essentialized ideas of culture inhibit recognition of the potential contributions of local cultural practices and provide justifications for groups to resist these changes. This article shows, with reference to a case study of Fiji, that a more anthropological conception of culture provides a better picture of the localization process and foregrounds …

Go to article

The Inter-American Court Attempts To Strike A Balance Between International Human Rights And State Sovereignty While Thousands Fight For Fundamental Freedom, Andrea Hunwick Jan 2006

The Inter-American Court Attempts To Strike A Balance Between International Human Rights And State Sovereignty While Thousands Fight For Fundamental Freedom, Andrea Hunwick

Public Interest Law Reporter

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Incrementalism, Ideology And Social Choice: Should The United States Ratify The U.N. Convention On The Rights Of The Child - A Practical Perspective, Cleveland Ferguson Iii Jan 2006

Incrementalism, Ideology And Social Choice: Should The United States Ratify The U.N. Convention On The Rights Of The Child - A Practical Perspective, Cleveland Ferguson Iii

Florida A & M University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last