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Human Rights Law Commons™

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Yeshiva University, Cardozo School of Law

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Articles 271 - 300 of 569

Full-Text Articles in Human Rights Law

Innovation In China: Fragmentation, Structured Uncertainty, And Technology Standards, Michael Murphree, Dan Breznitz Jan 2013

Innovation In China: Fragmentation, Structured Uncertainty, And Technology Standards, Michael Murphree, Dan Breznitz

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

This Article discusses the history of China’s attempts to develop indigenous technology standards. A case study is presented on China’s attempts to develop digital optical storage media standards, the failure of which we attribute to fragmentation of production and structured uncertainty in China’s economy. Despite the market failures of China’s domestic standards development efforts, we conclude by highlighting some of the appurtenant benefits they produce for Chinese manufacturers.

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Symmetry For Symmetry’S Sake: Why Bose Does Not Require Independent Review Of A Trial Court’S First-Amendment-Favorable Findings Of Fact, Joshua Wurtzel Jan 2013

Symmetry For Symmetry’S Sake: Why Bose Does Not Require Independent Review Of A Trial Court’S First-Amendment-Favorable Findings Of Fact, Joshua Wurtzel

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

This Note argues that Bose does not support the symmetrical application of independent review of facts by appellate courts in First Amendment cases, regardless of whether the First Amendment claimant won or lost below. While symmetrical procedures and results may be desirable in most parts of the law, symmetry is not required where that symmetry will inhibit a greater constitutional interest. In the independent review context, symmetrical application of Bose results in the reversal of First Amendment wins that would otherwise be upheld under clear error review. This result is clearly antithetical to Bose’s purpose of enhancing First Amendment protections.

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Introduction: China Re-Rising: Innovation And Collaboration For A Successful Twenty-First Century, Lindsay Korotkin Jan 2013

Introduction: China Re-Rising: Innovation And Collaboration For A Successful Twenty-First Century, Lindsay Korotkin

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

All eyes are on China in the twenty-first century, as it emerges as one of the fastest growing economies in the world. At the same time, losses in various industries are attributed to piracy—a substantial amount of which is alleged to occur within China’s borders—and the Chinese government is routinely criticized for its weak enforcement measures against counterfeiting activities and intellectual property infringement on its soil. Cardozo Law Review de•novo’s online symposium, “China Re-Rising: Innovation and Collaboration for a Successful Twenty-First Century” focuses on China’s overall transition from a manufacturing to an innovation economy and how this transition affects …

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Zizhu Chuangxin And China’S Self-Driven Innovation: Calling For A Holistic Perspective, Ken Shao Jan 2013

Zizhu Chuangxin And China’S Self-Driven Innovation: Calling For A Holistic Perspective, Ken Shao

Cardozo Law Review de•novo

To present a holistic view approachable by both Western and Chinese audience, this Article will first discuss the forces operating against a holistic view of China and explain exactly what it means to employ a holistic view. Then, by emphasizing the historical, international, and developmental contexts, the Article aims to introduce the reader to real examples of a holistic perspective, and in turn, to reframe the discourse around China’s self-driven innovation.

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Moral Obligations Of Landowners: An Examination Of Doctrine, Stewart E. Sterk Jan 2013

Moral Obligations Of Landowners: An Examination Of Doctrine, Stewart E. Sterk

Articles

Efficiency concerns generally take center stage in modern discussions of property's institutional foundations. But property's moral dimension has a far longer pedigree. Two of the ten commandments implicitly acknowledge the importance of property. "Thou shalt not steal" has no meaning in the absence of property ownership. Similarly, the command that "thou shalt not covet your neighbor's house" assumes that the house has an owner whose rights merit respect.

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Effect Precedes Cause: Kant And The Self-In-Itself, David G. Carlson Jan 2013

Effect Precedes Cause: Kant And The Self-In-Itself, David G. Carlson

Articles

This article describes the metaphysics of Kant, according to which we never know the Thing In Itself but only the appearance of it. When applied to selfhood (which is a “thing”), Kant implies that we never know what motivates us to do what we do. Our reasons are after-the-fact apologies to justify our acts. For that reason the “cause” of our deed always (that is to say, our reasons) follows the deed itself. Effect precedes cause, on Kantian metaphysics.

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Contested States And The Rights And Obligations Of The Jus Ad Bellum, Christian Henderson Jan 2013

Contested States And The Rights And Obligations Of The Jus Ad Bellum, Christian Henderson

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The article examines the rights and obligations of contested states under the jus ad bellum, arguing that these entities, despite lacking widespread recognition as states, should be considered international legal persons. It challenges the traditional state-only conception of international personality and advocates for a recognition-based approach, which would extend the prohibition of the use of force and the right to self-defense to contested states. The analysis highlights the complexities and contradictions in applying these principles, particularly regarding collective self-defense, and suggests that a pragmatic interpretation could balance international peace and security with the legal protection of contested states.

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Is There Blood On Your Hands-Free Device?: Examining Legislative Approaches To The Conflict Minerals Problem In The Democratic Republic Of Congo, Emily Veale Jan 2013

Is There Blood On Your Hands-Free Device?: Examining Legislative Approaches To The Conflict Minerals Problem In The Democratic Republic Of Congo, Emily Veale

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The article argues that Section 1502 of the Dodd-Frank Act, which mandates SEC disclosures for conflict minerals, is insufficient to address the violence and governance issues in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). It advocates for comprehensive legislation that ties U.S. foreign assistance to specific reforms in the DRC, such as military and governance improvements, to effectively combat the conflict minerals crisis. The SEC’s role in promoting social and foreign policy goals is critiqued, and the article proposes a tiered incentive system to encourage meaningful change in the DRC’s mining sector.

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Born Lost: Stateless Children In International Surrogacy Arrangements, Tina Lin Jan 2013

Born Lost: Stateless Children In International Surrogacy Arrangements, Tina Lin

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note examines the legal and humanitarian challenges posed by statelessness in children born through international surrogacy arrangements, particularly in countries like India and Ukraine, where lax regulations and conflicting nationality laws create legal limbo for surrogate children. It argues that the best interests of the child should guide legal reforms and judicial decisions to prevent statelessness and ensure citizenship rights. The analysis emphasizes the need for domestic and international legal frameworks to address the gaps in nationality acquisition and surrogacy regulation.

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Hawaiian Land Disputes: How The Uncertainty Of The Native Hawaiian Indigenous Tribal Status Exacerbates The Need For Mediation, Donna S. Salcedo Jan 2013

Hawaiian Land Disputes: How The Uncertainty Of The Native Hawaiian Indigenous Tribal Status Exacerbates The Need For Mediation, Donna S. Salcedo

Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution

Many people see the Hawaiian Islands as a paradise in the Pacific Ocean. However, most are unaware that history has left an unpleasant and permanent scar on the original inhabitants of the islands, the Native Hawaiians. It is often forgotten that the islands were once ruled by its monarchy. In fact, the Hawaiian Kingdom was not overthrown until 1893, and the islands did not reach statehood until 1959. Despite this however, Native Hawaiians have never officially been considered an indigenous tribe. This lack of recognition from the federal government has caused a strong sense of injustice that is prevalent throughout …

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"A Right To Be Spared Unhappiness": Images Of Death And The Expansion Of The Relational Right Of Privacy, Catherine Leibowitz Jan 2013

"A Right To Be Spared Unhappiness": Images Of Death And The Expansion Of The Relational Right Of Privacy, Catherine Leibowitz

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Cartels As Rational Business Strategy: Crime Pays, John M. Connor, Robert H. Lande Dec 2012

Cartels As Rational Business Strategy: Crime Pays, John M. Connor, Robert H. Lande

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Cultural Analysis Paradigm: Women And Synagogue Ritual As A Case Study, Roberta Rosenthal Kwall Dec 2012

The Cultural Analysis Paradigm: Women And Synagogue Ritual As A Case Study, Roberta Rosenthal Kwall

Cardozo Law Review

This Article develops an original cultural analysis paradigm with significant implications for understanding the relationship between law and culture. It also illustrates how this relationship should inform the normative application of areas of law in which tensions exist between modern sensibilities and traditional practices steeped in cultural perspectives from other times. Indeed, the negotiation between preservation and change confronts all ancient cultural traditions in modernity. The specific application invoked in this Article concerns the issue of women being called to read publicly from the Torah, a subject of serious academic debate among observant Jews. The analysis demonstrates that the virtually …

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Discovery About Discovery: Sampling Practice And The Resolution Of Discovery Disputes In An Age Of Ever-Increasing Information, Charles Yablon, Nick Landsman-Roos Dec 2012

Discovery About Discovery: Sampling Practice And The Resolution Of Discovery Disputes In An Age Of Ever-Increasing Information, Charles Yablon, Nick Landsman-Roos

Cardozo Law Review

This Article provides the first extended academic consideration of a new practice adopted by an increasing number of courts to resolve e-discovery disputes - the sampling of a small portion of the information sought in backup or other relatively inaccessible files. We provide a comprehensive overview and statistical analysis of contemporary sampling techniques, identifying issues where sampling practice is inconsistent or where additional guidance appears to be required. Our aim is to provide a coherent theoretical approach to the use of sampling, suggesting "best practices" for many unresolved issues, and locating sampling practice within broader contemporary debates about discovery.

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The Bush Administration And The Office Of Legal Counsel (Olc) Torture Memos: A Content Analysis Of The Response Of The Academic Legal Community, Arthur H. Garrison Oct 2012

The Bush Administration And The Office Of Legal Counsel (Olc) Torture Memos: A Content Analysis Of The Response Of The Academic Legal Community, Arthur H. Garrison

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The article critically examines the Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) torture memos authored by John Yoo and Jay Bybee in 2002, which were intended to justify interrogation techniques such as waterboarding post-9/11. These memos have been widely criticized for undermining human rights and international law, and for compromising the OLC's role in providing impartial legal advice. The memos' perceived advocacy for White House policies rather than objective analysis led to ethical breaches and procedural shortcomings, ultimately resulting in their withdrawal. The article emphasizes the crucial role of ethical standards and independence in legal institutions to prevent such abuses and maintain …

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Forums For International Economic Adjudication: Threads In Fragments, Francis N. Botchway Jul 2012

Forums For International Economic Adjudication: Threads In Fragments, Francis N. Botchway

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The article challenges the notion of fragmentation in international law, arguing that the proliferation of international adjudicatory bodies, such as the ICJ, WTO DSB, and ECJ, does not lead to fragmentation but instead fosters integration and coherence in international jurisprudence. It highlights the alignment of procedures, shared sources of law, and interpretative approaches among these bodies, demonstrating that institutional diversity enhances efficiency and enriches international law rather than causing discord. The article emphasizes the role of these institutions in addressing complex legal issues, ensuring legal certainty, and promoting transparency and inclusivity in global dispute resolution.

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Genocide Ideology Laws: Violation Of Rwandan Peoples' 'Peoples' Rights'?, Casey Dalporto Jul 2012

Genocide Ideology Laws: Violation Of Rwandan Peoples' 'Peoples' Rights'?, Casey Dalporto

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note argues that Rwanda's Genocide Ideology Laws, enacted to prevent ethnic divisionism and incitement to genocide, violate the Rwandan people's rights under the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights. It contends that challenging these laws through the framework of "peoples' rights" rather than individual civil and political rights could be more effective, as the latter approach is often dismissed by the Rwandan government as Western interference. The note proposes leveraging the African Charter's provisions on collective rights to address the laws' impact on ethnic identity and political dissent.

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The European Convention On Human Rights And National Constitutional Reordering, Alec Stone Sweet Jun 2012

The European Convention On Human Rights And National Constitutional Reordering, Alec Stone Sweet

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Constitutional Patriotism Beyond The Nation-State: Human Rights, Constitutional Necessity, And The Limits Of Pluralism, Jan-Werner Müller Jun 2012

Constitutional Patriotism Beyond The Nation-State: Human Rights, Constitutional Necessity, And The Limits Of Pluralism, Jan-Werner Müller

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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"By Some Other Means": Considering The Executive's Role In Fostering Subnational Human Rights Compliance, Risa E. Kaufman Jun 2012

"By Some Other Means": Considering The Executive's Role In Fostering Subnational Human Rights Compliance, Risa E. Kaufman

Cardozo Law Review

The broad realization of human rights domestically requires strong partnership among all levels of government. Indeed, international and domestic law support an important role for state and local governments in implementing the United States's human rights treaty commitments, with the federal government retaining ultimate responsibility. While the federal government's responsibility is clear, its options for fostering and facilitating subnational compliance have not been fully explicated. The United States's human rights treaty ratification practices and recent Supreme Court jurisprudence primarily constrain the executive's ability to compel state and local compliance without congressional authorization. In the absence of such congressional action, the …

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Blacklisted: The Constitutionality Of The Federal System For Publishing Reports Of "Bad" Doctors In The National Practitioner Data Bank, Katharine A. Van Tassel Jun 2012

Blacklisted: The Constitutionality Of The Federal System For Publishing Reports Of "Bad" Doctors In The National Practitioner Data Bank, Katharine A. Van Tassel

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Constitutionalism Beyond The State? The Administrative Character Of European Governance Revisited, Peter L. Lindseth Jun 2012

Constitutionalism Beyond The State? The Administrative Character Of European Governance Revisited, Peter L. Lindseth

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Childhood Obesity: Balancing The Nation's Interest With A Parent's Constitutional Right To Privacy, Denise Cohen Apr 2012

Childhood Obesity: Balancing The Nation's Interest With A Parent's Constitutional Right To Privacy, Denise Cohen

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The note argues that governmental intervention into parental rights regarding childhood obesity is constitutionally justifiable under strict scrutiny, as it serves the compelling interests of both the child's well-being and societal welfare. While the constitutional right to privacy in parenting is fundamental, it is not absolute, and the growing public health crisis of childhood obesity necessitates narrowly tailored measures to hold parents accountable. The analysis proposes that existing legal frameworks, such as neglect statutes, can be effectively applied to address severe cases of childhood obesity, balancing individual rights with public health needs.

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S-Comm: Shattering Communities, Hannah Weinstein Apr 2012

S-Comm: Shattering Communities, Hannah Weinstein

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The note argues that the Secure Communities program, initiated by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in 2008, operates unlawfully under the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) and raises significant constitutional concerns. By bypassing notice-and-comment requirements and failing to address public concerns, the program has led to racial profiling, pretextual arrests, and widespread detention of noncriminal individuals, undermining its stated goals and eroding community trust in law enforcement. The analysis calls for immediate cessation of the program and congressional funding due to its legal violations and harmful consequences.

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Tattoos, Tickets, And Other Tawdry Behavior: How Universities Use Federal Law To Hide Their Scandals, Mary Margaret Penrose Apr 2012

Tattoos, Tickets, And Other Tawdry Behavior: How Universities Use Federal Law To Hide Their Scandals, Mary Margaret Penrose

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Secular And Religious Legal Framework Of Afghanistan As Compared To Western Notions Of Equal Protection And Human Rights Treaties: Is Afghanistan's Legal Code Facially Consistent With Sex Equality?, Laura Belkner Jan 2012

The Secular And Religious Legal Framework Of Afghanistan As Compared To Western Notions Of Equal Protection And Human Rights Treaties: Is Afghanistan's Legal Code Facially Consistent With Sex Equality?, Laura Belkner

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note examines Afghanistan's legal framework, arguing that while it is facially consistent with sex equality as per the Afghan Constitution and international treaties, the practical implementation is hindered by cultural and traditional practices. This discrepancy highlights the gap between legal provisions and real-world application.

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The New Guiding Principles On Business And Human Rights' Contribution In Ending The Divisive Debate Over Human Rights Responsibilities Of Companies: Is It Time For An Icj Advisory Opinion?, Jean-Marie Kamatali Jan 2012

The New Guiding Principles On Business And Human Rights' Contribution In Ending The Divisive Debate Over Human Rights Responsibilities Of Companies: Is It Time For An Icj Advisory Opinion?, Jean-Marie Kamatali

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

No abstract provided.

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The Wrong Track, Baby - How Damage To Gay Youth Was Borne This Way: Via Ideologically Bound Law Reviews Publishing "Hopey Changey Stuff', David Gröshöff Jan 2012

The Wrong Track, Baby - How Damage To Gay Youth Was Borne This Way: Via Ideologically Bound Law Reviews Publishing "Hopey Changey Stuff', David Gröshöff

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critiques the use of flawed, ideologically driven legal scholarship in court cases involving LGBTQ+ rights, particularly in the context of adoption and foster parenting. It highlights how such scholarship, often published in law reviews with inadequate peer review, has been used to discriminate against LGBTQ+ individuals. The analysis focuses on the work of George Rekers and Paul Cameron, whose research was cited in court cases to argue against LGBTQ+ parenting rights, despite significant methodological flaws and ethical violations. The article underscores the need for rigorous ethical standards and peer review in legal scholarship to prevent the perpetuation of …

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Surviving Castle Rock: The Human Rights Of Domestic Violence, Max D. Siegel Jan 2012

Surviving Castle Rock: The Human Rights Of Domestic Violence, Max D. Siegel

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critically examines the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Town of Castle Rock v. Gonzales and its broader implications for domestic violence survivors' rights. It argues that the Court's adherence to a "Negative Constitution," which limits government obligations to citizens, fails to protect vulnerable populations and violates international human rights standards. The article advocates for incorporating international law into U.S. jurisprudence to address systemic failures in responding to domestic violence.

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Region Codes And Human Rights, Molly Land Jan 2012

Region Codes And Human Rights, Molly Land

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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