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Articles 211 - 240 of 1657
Full-Text Articles in Human Rights Law
Estados De Emergencia En El Sistenma Interamericano De Derechos Humanos: Los Principales Retos De La Pandemia De Covid-19, Maria Agustina Bonella
Estados De Emergencia En El Sistenma Interamericano De Derechos Humanos: Los Principales Retos De La Pandemia De Covid-19, Maria Agustina Bonella
American University International Law Review
En las Américas, a medida que avanzaba la crisis sanitaria producida por la primera ola de la pandemia de COVID-19, los Estados han ido adoptando distintas medidas para ralentizar la propagación del virus y evitar el colapso de sus sistemas sanitarios, en miras a salvaguardar el derecho a la vida, a la integridad personal y a la salud de las personas que se encontraban sometidas a su jurisdicción. Estas medidas han incluido desde campañas de concientización sobre el lavado de manos, el distanciamiento social o el uso del barbijo, hasta medidas más extremas, como el cierre de escuelas y universidades; …
Reducing The Negative Effects Of Counterterrorism Frameworks And Other Restrictive Measures On Humanitarian Action And Enforcing The Obligations Of States In Relation To The Covid-19 Vaccine, Claudio Cerqueira Bastos Netto
Reducing The Negative Effects Of Counterterrorism Frameworks And Other Restrictive Measures On Humanitarian Action And Enforcing The Obligations Of States In Relation To The Covid-19 Vaccine, Claudio Cerqueira Bastos Netto
American University International Law Review
Countering terrorism has been a priority agenda point for the international community, especially after the September 11th attacks. As the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) points out, “States have had to confront a threat emanating from individuals and non-State armed groups [(NSAGs)] that resort to acts of terrorism. In response, States and international organizations have developed increasingly robust counterterrorism measures.”
Sexual Violence As A Weapon Of War In Ethiopia's Tigray Region And The Developing Adjudication Of Violations Of The Protocol On The Rights Of Women In Africa, Valerie R. Cook
American University International Law Review
On November 4, 2020, a civil war broke out in the Tigray region of Ethiopia between joint Ethiopian and Eritrean military forces and the Tigray People’s Liberation Front (“TPLF”). The war is in part an ethnic conflict between the newly centralized nationalist government under Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed and the once politically dominant beneficiaries of a federalist system, the TPLF. Sexual violence as a method of war has become a hallmark of this conflict as reports of rape by Ethiopian and Eritrean soldiers against Tigrayan women have increased.
Data Privacy, Human Rights, And Algorithmic Opacity, Sylvia Lu
Data Privacy, Human Rights, And Algorithmic Opacity, Sylvia Lu
Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals
Decades ago, it was difficult to imagine a reality in which artificial intelligence (AI) could penetrate every corner of our lives to monitor our innermost selves for commercial interests. Within just a few decades, the private sector has seen a wild proliferation of AI systems, many of which are more powerful and penetrating than anticipated. In many cases, AI systems have become “the power behind the throne,” tracking user activities and making fateful decisions through predictive analysis of personal information. Despite the growing power of AI, proprietary algorithmic systems can be technically complex, legally claimed as trade secrets, and managerially …
Locked Up And Locked Down In The Land Of Free: A Look At The United States' Prisons And Covid-19'S Disproportionate Effect On Black Americans' Right To Health, Zachary Parrish
American University International Law Review
The United States is infamous for having a large percentage of its population in prison. Each year since 2002, the United States has reported a higher incarceration rate than any other country in the world. Another unfortunate but widely prevalent issue that the United States has is systemic racism. The combination of the United States’ struggles with systemic racism and mass incarceration makes for a disproportionately devastating impact on Black Americans. As a result, Black Americans make up a disproportionate amount of the prisoners that fill American prisons.
El Control Estatal De La (Des)Informacion En Internet En El Contexto De La Pandemia: Un Analisis De Las Tendencias Regionales Bajo Una Perspectiva De Libertad De Expresion, Paula Roko
American University International Law Review
El 3 de mayo de 2020, en el marco del Día Mundial de la Libertad de Prensa, el secretario general de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas (ONU) afirmó que la desinformación se ha convertido en la “segunda pandemia”. Unos meses antes, el Director General de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) ya había señalado que “las noticias falsas se difunden más rápido y con más facilidad que el virus, y que son igual de peligrosas”. Estos fueron comentarios recurrentes durante el 2020, un año que será recordado por el estallido de una pandemia mundial sin precedentes. Teorías conspirativas …
Introduction Human Rights And States Of Emergency: Unexpected Crisis And New Challenges, Claudia Martin, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon
Introduction Human Rights And States Of Emergency: Unexpected Crisis And New Challenges, Claudia Martin, Diego Rodriguez-Pinzon
American University International Law Review
We are delighted to present this year’s special issue of the American University International Law Review and the Academy on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, which includes two of the best essays in English and in Spanish recognized in the 2021 Human Rights Essay Award competition. It is satisfying to think that this competition allowed a number of participants an opportunity to expound their thoughts on so many important topics, regarding so many areas of the world. We hope these participants are able to use their articles as mechanisms for change.
Gap In Internet Access In Sri Lanka Violates Human Rights, Gracie Kreth
Gap In Internet Access In Sri Lanka Violates Human Rights, Gracie Kreth
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Escaping Accountability: Ice Forcibly Sterilizes Detainees In Detention Centers, Mehraz Rahman
Escaping Accountability: Ice Forcibly Sterilizes Detainees In Detention Centers, Mehraz Rahman
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Prologue, Claudio Grossman, Robert K. Goldman
Prologue, Claudio Grossman, Robert K. Goldman
American University International Law Review
We are pleased to write this prologue for the special issue of the American University International Law Review featuring the winning papers from the 2021 Human Rights Essay Award, sponsored by the Academy on Human Rights and Humanitarian Law of American University Washington College of Law.
Derogations To Human Rights During A Global Pandemic: Unpacking Normative And Practical Challenges, Roman Girma Teshome
Derogations To Human Rights During A Global Pandemic: Unpacking Normative And Practical Challenges, Roman Girma Teshome
American University International Law Review
After the World Health Organization (WHO) characterized the COVID-19 outbreak as a “global pandemic,” States responded by taking more restrictive and urgent measures. These measures ranged from restrictions on public events to partial or total lockdowns, which restrict a plethora of human rights. Additionally, an unprecedented number of States declared a state of emergency to justify these measures; as of this writing, roughly two-thirds of States declared a state of emergency due to COVID-19 under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (“ICCPR”).
A Critical Race Theory Approach To Children's Rights, Jessica Dixon Weaver
A Critical Race Theory Approach To Children's Rights, Jessica Dixon Weaver
American University Law Review
This Article uses critical race theory to analyze the impact of corporal punishment and physical child abuse on African American children’s rights in the United States. From an international perspective, the banning of corporal punishment is consistent with multidisciplinary research about the negative effects of physical discipline on children. However, throughout United States history, African American parenting oftentimes utilizes physical discipline to teach children strict compliance with authority in order to prevent deadly violence from being inflicted upon them by white people. Using critical race theory concepts, this Article illustrates how state endorsement of corporal punishment within the family and …
A Lineage Of Family Separation, Anita Sinha
A Lineage Of Family Separation, Anita Sinha
Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals
This article is rooted in the belief that the articulation of shared narrative histories advances the pursuit of justice. Acknowledging shared histories, including narratives that justify unjust practices has been a shortcoming in the United States, particularly when it comes to racial injustice. Included in this oversight is the history of executing and sanctioning family separation. The US government's separation of families under the "zero tolerance" policy, which was in effect over approximately two and a half months, drew national and international criticism.
Climate Change And The Right To Health: A Threat Multiplier, Alejandra Ureta Melcon
Climate Change And The Right To Health: A Threat Multiplier, Alejandra Ureta Melcon
Upper Level Writing Requirement Research Papers
This comment argues that climate change threatens fundamental human rights recognized by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. Therefore, the United Nations should adopt the standards set forth in cases like Sacchi v. Argentina and Teitiota v. New Zealand to denote climate change as a threat to the right to health under Articles 11 and 12 of the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. Climate change is already having monumental impacts on access to food and access to clean water and sanitation, which this comment demonstrates by analyzing two country case studies: The Central African …
Letter From The Editors, Madison Bingle, Nora Elmubarak
Letter From The Editors, Madison Bingle, Nora Elmubarak
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
The Invasion Of Ukraine: A Gross Violation Of International Law, Claudio Grossman
The Invasion Of Ukraine: A Gross Violation Of International Law, Claudio Grossman
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Washington, D.C.: The Capital Of Fair Housing Act Violations, Arielle Aboulafia
Washington, D.C.: The Capital Of Fair Housing Act Violations, Arielle Aboulafia
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Restorative Justice: Uplifting Human Rights For The Marginalized, Vulnerable, Victimized, And The United States As A Whole, Meghana Vodela
Restorative Justice: Uplifting Human Rights For The Marginalized, Vulnerable, Victimized, And The United States As A Whole, Meghana Vodela
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Oil Multinationals And The Fight For Sustainability In Nigeria's Niger Delta, Andre Taylor
Oil Multinationals And The Fight For Sustainability In Nigeria's Niger Delta, Andre Taylor
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Consulting With Consuls: Virgilio Maldonado Rodríguez And The Right Of Consular Access, Fabian Kopp
Consulting With Consuls: Virgilio Maldonado Rodríguez And The Right Of Consular Access, Fabian Kopp
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Issues Of Surveillance In Bulgaria: Violation Of Article 8 Of The European Convention On Human Rights, Danya Hamad
Issues Of Surveillance In Bulgaria: Violation Of Article 8 Of The European Convention On Human Rights, Danya Hamad
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Unrepeatable Harms: Forced Sterilization At Ice Detention Centers, Sabrina Davis
Unrepeatable Harms: Forced Sterilization At Ice Detention Centers, Sabrina Davis
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Filling The Protection Gaps For Climate Change And Disaster-Induced Migrants, Kimberly A. Erickson
Filling The Protection Gaps For Climate Change And Disaster-Induced Migrants, Kimberly A. Erickson
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
A Particular Social Group: The Inadequacy Of U.S. Asylum Laws For Transgender Claimants, Marnie Leonard
A Particular Social Group: The Inadequacy Of U.S. Asylum Laws For Transgender Claimants, Marnie Leonard
Human Rights Brief
No abstract provided.
Overcoming The Westphalian Notion Of "Absolute Sovereignty": The Venezuelan Case With The Inter-American Convention Of Human Rights, Gabriel Ortiz
Overcoming The Westphalian Notion Of "Absolute Sovereignty": The Venezuelan Case With The Inter-American Convention Of Human Rights, Gabriel Ortiz
Human Rights Brief
In 2012, Former Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez withdrew from the American Convention on Human Rights (ACHR or “the Convention”). He presented a letter issued by the Department of Foreign Affairs before the Secretary General of the Organization of American States (OAS). The denunciation became effective in 2013. Thereafter, no one could petition before the Inter-American Commission or the Inter-American Court (IACHR) to hold Venezuela accountable for human rights violations. Meanwhile, between 2014 and 2019, the government’s armed groups have killed more than 19,000 people.
Romanian Government Will Implement Measures To Prevent Further Violations Of Rightsof People With Mental Health Conditions Or Disabilities In Accord With The Decision Of The European Court Of Human Rights, Tesa Hargis
Human Rights Brief
On June 21 and 22, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and Romania discussed reform measures based on various judgements delivered during the nine-year period between 2012 and 2021. At issue before the ECtHR’s Department for Execution of Judgments was insufficient legal protection, lack of medical and social care, deficiencies in the legal framework governing involuntary placement, inadequate management of psychiatric conditions of detainees, and overcrowding and poor conditions in Romanian mental health facilities.
When Jail & Prison Sentences Become Death Sentences: How Willfully Exposing Incarcerated Persons To Covid-19 Amounts To Cruel & Unusual Punishment, Arielle Aboulafia
When Jail & Prison Sentences Become Death Sentences: How Willfully Exposing Incarcerated Persons To Covid-19 Amounts To Cruel & Unusual Punishment, Arielle Aboulafia
Human Rights Brief
Eric Warner called his older brother Hank from San Quentin State Prison almost every Sunday. Though the prison only allowed the brothers to speak for fifteen minutes each week, the two spoke about their lives. In June 2021, Eric stopped calling, and Hank became worried. Hank tried to get in touch with the prison. However, his calls were met with a dead-end voicemail each time. He recalls that he “knew, by not hearing anything, that something was not good.” The following month, prison personnel returned Hank’s calls and told him that his brother Eric had been hospitalized. Later that month, …
The Peace Corps Is Failing To Keep Volunteers Safe, Marnie Leonard
The Peace Corps Is Failing To Keep Volunteers Safe, Marnie Leonard
Human Rights Brief
Nicole Jacobson, an American Peace Corps Volunteer (PCV) in a Zambian village, was “far from home and feeling alone” when the father of the host family that the Peace Corps (“the agency”) placed her with sexually assaulted her. Jacobson reported the assault to Peace Corps staff, who told her it was a cultural misunderstanding and kept Jacobson at the site for more than a year before allowing her to leave in 2018. Unfortunately, Jacobson’s story is not unique. In fact, she is one of many Returned Peace Corps Volunteers (RPCVs) who have come forward in recent years to share stories …
Brazil’S Violence Against Indigenous Peoples, Andre Taylor
Brazil’S Violence Against Indigenous Peoples, Andre Taylor
Human Rights Brief
Centuries of violence and displacement define the relationship between indigenous peoples and the successive governments of Brazil. As Brazil embarks on a massive expansion of its agribusiness and mining operations, the systemic denial of land rights and illegal economic activity on protected lands has threatened traditional ways of life practiced by indigenous peoples. The most aggressive policy taken by the Brazilian government has involved legitimizing land claims on unregistered ancestral indigenous lands for development, putting 37,800 square miles of territory at risk for exploitation by loggers, ranchers, and farmers.
Capital Punishment And The ‘Acnestis’ Of Its Modern Reformation, Sudarsanan Sivakumar
Capital Punishment And The ‘Acnestis’ Of Its Modern Reformation, Sudarsanan Sivakumar
Human Rights Brief
The term “Capital Punishment” encompasses any penalizing punishment that results in the death of people accused of committing a crime.1 This damnation dates back to the Eighteenth Century B.C. in the “Code of Hammurabi,” a misemployed code that ensured the death penalty for twenty-five distinct crimes. People convicted of crimes were made to suffer for their actions in horrific ways, including being burnt alive and drowning.2 Since then, death by hanging has been the conventional method for capital punishment in most of the world.