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Articles 331 - 360 of 453
Full-Text Articles in Health Law and Policy
A New Predicament For Physicians: The Concept Of Medical Futility, The Physician's Obligation To Render Inappropriate Treatment, And The Interplay Of The Medical Standard Of Care, Eric M. Levine
Journal of Law and Health
Part II of this article discusses the concept of futility and reviews various proposed approaches to defining "futility". This article then shows how personal value judgments play an integral part in determining futility under virtually all of these approaches. Part II concludes that a decision that treatment is futile should not be based on the individual values of only the patient or physician under the shared decisionmaking model of the physician-patient relationship. Part III tackles the issue whether a physician must offer or continue treatment deemed "medically and ethically inappropriate." Part III first reviews common law doctrines governing the physician-patient …
Accessing Genomic Information Or Safeguarding Genetic Privacy, George P. Smith Ii
Accessing Genomic Information Or Safeguarding Genetic Privacy, George P. Smith Ii
Journal of Law and Health
The real-although often exaggerated-threats to genetic privacy, and the resulting forms of geneticdiscrimination, posed as a consequence of research in this field, can be contained by careful development and application of legal norms through legislative schemes at the state and federal levels of government. In partnership, law and science should seek to develop a contemporary agenda for social change that also seeks to fulfill socio-political goals.When viewed as but a tool for enhancing the health of the nation's citizens, and of engineering humanity's genetic weaknesses out of the line of inheritance, biological determinism is an absolute necessity for trans-national survival …
The Law And Assisted Reproduction In The United Kingdom And United States, Robert L. Stenger
The Law And Assisted Reproduction In The United Kingdom And United States, Robert L. Stenger
Journal of Law and Health
The development, publicity and availability of new and assisted methods of human reproduction raise profound ethical, legal and medical concerns. As for any new medical technology, there is a need for research and experimentation. At the same time, because human life is involved, there are calls for ethical and legal evaluations and regulations. These new technologies have been developed and applied in different countries, each with different cultures and legal traditions. It is instructive to compare how different countries respond legally to such new technologies. A comparison between the United States and United Kingdom is particularly enlightening because both share …
The Qui Tam Provision Of The Federal False Claims Act: The Statute In Current Form, Its History And Its Unique Position To Influence The Health Care Industry, Carolyn J. Pashke
The Qui Tam Provision Of The Federal False Claims Act: The Statute In Current Form, Its History And Its Unique Position To Influence The Health Care Industry, Carolyn J. Pashke
Journal of Law and Health
Unlike the defense industry (which has relatively little contact with the general public), the health care industry, as a service industry, is largely reliant on the general public. A lawsuit involving fraud in health care threatens to harm the public's opinion of the health care industry. For this reason, the qui tam provisions of the FCA (False Claims Act) are in a unique position to generate action and changes and have a substantial impact on the health care industry. This note will discuss the history of the qui tam element of the FCA; a breakdown of the statute;areas in the …
The Effect Of State Medical Malpractice Caps On Damages Awarded Under The Emergency Medical Treatment And Active Labor Act (42 U.S.C. 1395dd), Amy J. Mckitrick
The Effect Of State Medical Malpractice Caps On Damages Awarded Under The Emergency Medical Treatment And Active Labor Act (42 U.S.C. 1395dd), Amy J. Mckitrick
Cleveland State Law Review
Although EMTALA was passed in 1986, there have been relatively few cases reported which aid in establishing the scope and boundaries of the Act. The legislature itself has attempted to clarify EMTALA's provisions, and has amended the Act nearly every year since its enactment, the most recentamendments in 1990 and the most extensive amendments taking place in 1989. These amendments, however, have not changed the Act significantly from its original purpose and objectives7 and thus, much of the case law remains pertinent to a current analysis of the application of state medical malpracticecaps to claims under EMTALA.
The Effect Of State Medical Malpractice Caps On Damages Awarded Under The Emergency Medical Treatment And Active Labor Act (42 U.S.C. 1395dd), Amy J. Mckitrick
The Effect Of State Medical Malpractice Caps On Damages Awarded Under The Emergency Medical Treatment And Active Labor Act (42 U.S.C. 1395dd), Amy J. Mckitrick
Cleveland State Law Review
Although EMTALA was passed in 1986, there have been relatively few cases reported which aid in establishing the scope and boundaries of the Act. The legislature itself has attempted to clarify EMTALA's provisions, and has amended the Act nearly every year since its enactment, the most recentamendments in 1990 and the most extensive amendments taking place in 1989. These amendments, however, have not changed the Act significantly from its original purpose and objectives7 and thus, much of the case law remains pertinent to a current analysis of the application of state medical malpracticecaps to claims under EMTALA.
Paternalism, Civil Commitment And Illness Politics: Assessing The Current Debate And Outlining A Future Direction, Bruce A. Arrigo
Paternalism, Civil Commitment And Illness Politics: Assessing The Current Debate And Outlining A Future Direction, Bruce A. Arrigo
Journal of Law and Health
The purpose of this article is to examine critically the role that both law and psychiatry have played in casting mentally ill persons as deviants, citizen / outsiders caught in a crossfire of illness politics. This examination will focus on those values protected and privileged by the medical and legal professions as reflected in confinement law and policy primarily during the last quarter of the twentieth century. The social, economic and political power these disciplines exercise in the lives of psychiatric citizens raises significant questions concerning the future of involuntary civil commitment both from a clinical and justice policy perspective. …
The Need For A Process Theory: Formulating Health Policy Through Adjudication, Margaret G. Farrell
The Need For A Process Theory: Formulating Health Policy Through Adjudication, Margaret G. Farrell
Journal of Law and Health
This essay sets out a preliminary, theoretical framework within which to analyze remedial options and begin the search for the values they promote. It is based on the premise that the process used to enforce substantive rights to health care should promote values that are consistent with, and even supportive of, the values that health care reform itself would promote. The framework proceeds upon an analysis of the kinds of claims at issue, the alternative decision making models available to settle them, and the forums in which those models might be used. In conclusion, I urge scholars, policy makers and …
Senate Bill 1, Ohio's Advance Directives Law: Where Have We Been...Where Are We Going?, Jean M. Hillman
Senate Bill 1, Ohio's Advance Directives Law: Where Have We Been...Where Are We Going?, Jean M. Hillman
Journal of Law and Health
This article will discuss in part II, the pertinent case history in Ohio and in other jurisdictions which built the foundation for advance directive legislation in Ohio. Part III will review the legislative history which led to the passage of Senate Bill 1; and Part IV will discuss how Senate Bill 1 interacts with the Federal Patient Self-Determination Act which went into effect on December 1, 1991. Part V will analyze how the implementation of Senate Bill 1 has affected doctors, nurses and health care facilities. Finally, Part VI will cover how information about advance directives is being disseminated to …
Has The Time Come For Doctor Death: Should Physician-Assisted Suicide Be Legalized?, Wendy N. Weigand
Has The Time Come For Doctor Death: Should Physician-Assisted Suicide Be Legalized?, Wendy N. Weigand
Journal of Law and Health
A "true" doctor-assisted suicide can be distinguished from euthanasia in that the patient is actually bringing his or her own life to an end. The doctor in some way facilitates the action, either by providing the means for the suicide, such as in the New England Journal of Medicine article, or by giving the patient some kind of instruction as to the best way of carrying out the act. The difference lies in the fact that it is the patient killing him or herself with the help or advice of a physician, not the physician acting directly to shorten the …
Book Review: An Overview Of Health Care Reform: A View Of The Forest--An Introduction To Taft Strategic Atlas: U.S. Health Care Reform By Frederick I. Taft, Stephen J. Werber, Stephen R. Smith
Book Review: An Overview Of Health Care Reform: A View Of The Forest--An Introduction To Taft Strategic Atlas: U.S. Health Care Reform By Frederick I. Taft, Stephen J. Werber, Stephen R. Smith
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
Those interested in health law, who wish to follow and participate in the national debate, need a method of organizing the trees of definition, individual issues, and plans found in the forest of the debate. The cliche of not seeing the forest for the trees is reversed in this debate as we all can see the forest, but we cannot distinguish or truly discern its contents. To aid in understanding these issues, The Journal of Law and Health has taken the unusual step of reprinting a significant portion of a new book. The Editors believe that a traditional Book Review …
Confidentiality And Privilege Of Peer Review Information: More Imagined Than Real, Susan O. Scheutzow, Sylvia Lynn Gillis
Confidentiality And Privilege Of Peer Review Information: More Imagined Than Real, Susan O. Scheutzow, Sylvia Lynn Gillis
Journal of Law and Health
This article will discuss the status of the privileges and confidentiality protection today at both the state and federal level. It will also address the concerns present among those individuals and organizations participating in peer review regarding the law of privileges and confidentiality and offer suggestions for health care providers to take full advantage of the statutory protections.
To Stay At Home: Analysis Of Rights And Recommendations On Procedures For Persons Receiving Mental Health Services In The Community , Janet L. Lowder, Franklin J. Hickman
To Stay At Home: Analysis Of Rights And Recommendations On Procedures For Persons Receiving Mental Health Services In The Community , Janet L. Lowder, Franklin J. Hickman
Journal of Law and Health
Before the pendulum swings back to the use of institutions as the primary treatment modality for persons with severe mental illness, there should be a re-examination of the alternatives available to community care providers to ensure compliance with treatment outside of the hospital. This article will focus on the alternatives available in the Ohio mental health system, which is fundamentally oriented towards community-based treatment, and the effects of this orientation.
The Medicare And Medicaid Anti-Kickback Statute: Safe Harbors Eradicate Ambiguity, Durin B. Rogers
The Medicare And Medicaid Anti-Kickback Statute: Safe Harbors Eradicate Ambiguity, Durin B. Rogers
Journal of Law and Health
This Note will briefly explore the history of the Medicare and Medicaid programs including the introduction of the PPS. Next, the Note will detail the legislative history surrounding the adoption of the MMAKS and the judicial interpretation applied to its elements. The Note will follow with an analysis of the purpose, goals, and disagreements relating to the MMPPPA's "Safe Harbor" regulations, resolving their alleged ambiguity against the medical profession. Finally, the Note will advocate support of the recently proposed Health Care Cost Containment and Reform Act of 1992 with emphasis on increasing the budget and size of the staff within …
Medical Futility: Has Ending Life Support Become The Next Pro-Choice/Right To Life Debate, Daniel Robert Mordarski
Medical Futility: Has Ending Life Support Become The Next Pro-Choice/Right To Life Debate, Daniel Robert Mordarski
Cleveland State Law Review
This note will provide an analysis of the issue of medical futility and propose "solutions" to the issue. Part II considers the definition of "medical futility" and different ways to view the concept. In Part III, the position is forwarded that medical futility is a question of values which the medical profession is not necessarily more qualified than a layperson to answer. In Part IV, medical futility will be examined in the context of existing law. This section also addresses the potential tort liability of a health care provider who unilaterally takes certain actions based on the concept of medical …
Rethinking The Health Care Delivery Crisis: The Need For A Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Bruce J. Winick
Rethinking The Health Care Delivery Crisis: The Need For A Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Bruce J. Winick
Journal of Law and Health
In designing a sensible system of national health insurance we need to avoid a repetition of the built-in inflationary pressures that followed the adoption of Medicaid and Medicare. Medicaid and Medicare eligibility encouraged many to increase their use of health care services, in part because they no longer needed to bear the costs (or full costs) or services. This increased demand, exceeding the supply of health care services, predictably produced price hikes. Other factors undoubtedly have contributed to the escalation of health care costs, including the tendency of some doctors to order unnecessary diagnostic tests, over-reliance on high technology, and …
Aids And Hiv: The Legal Dimension: A Selective Bibliography, Bonnie L. Koneski-White
Aids And Hiv: The Legal Dimension: A Selective Bibliography, Bonnie L. Koneski-White
Journal of Law and Health
For the most part articles over two pages in length from journals were included. Editorials and articles from national and legal newspapers generally are not included. Although some articles are listed from foreign periodicals, most of the entries focus on the United States. Listings in one category can cover some aspects of other categories. An attempt was made to include the article in the category which best covered the subject matter of the majority of the article. An asterisk (*) indicates that the article is contained in one of the symposia or special issues listed in the "Symposia and Special …
Book Review, Steven R. Smith, Stephen J. Werber
Book Review, Steven R. Smith, Stephen J. Werber
Journal of Law and Health
An Overview of Healthcare Reform: A View of the Forest - An Introduction to Taft Strategic Atlas: U.S. Health Care Reform by Frederick R. Taft
Mandatory Hiv Testing Issues In State Newborn Screening Programs, John M. Naber, David R. Johnson
Mandatory Hiv Testing Issues In State Newborn Screening Programs, John M. Naber, David R. Johnson
Journal of Law and Health
The newborn screening model is fairly straightforward. Typically, before the infant is discharged from the hospital (around 24 to 36 hours of age), heel stick blood is placed on special filter paper, dried, and mailed to the state health department for testing. Medical and laboratory research has led to the discovery that other diseases could also be screened in newborns using these dried blood specimens. Currently, all states and the District of Columbia test all newborns for at least PKU and congenital hypothyroidism. There are generally five criteria to satisfy before a disease is considered appropriate for newborn screening: 1. …
Excerpts From Taft Strategic Atlas: U.S. Health Care Reform, Frederick I. Taft
Excerpts From Taft Strategic Atlas: U.S. Health Care Reform, Frederick I. Taft
Journal of Law and Health
No abstract provided.
The Effect Of Lilly V. Medtronics On The Scope Of 35 Usc 271(E)(1): The Patent Infringement Exemption - Broad Or Narrow, Ajay S. Pathak
The Effect Of Lilly V. Medtronics On The Scope Of 35 Usc 271(E)(1): The Patent Infringement Exemption - Broad Or Narrow, Ajay S. Pathak
Journal of Law and Health
This article undertakes to examine, critically, the case history, legislative history, and the construction of sections 101, 201, and 202 of the Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 in an effort to analyze the Supreme Court's recent decision in Lilly v. Medtronics and to discern how the scope of section 271(e)(1) is likely to be treated in future cases in light of that recent Supreme Court decision.
Hey Doc, Can You Keep A Secret - An Ohio Physician's Right To Warn Third Parties That They May Be At Risk Of Contracting Hiv, Mark Wiseman
Hey Doc, Can You Keep A Secret - An Ohio Physician's Right To Warn Third Parties That They May Be At Risk Of Contracting Hiv, Mark Wiseman
Journal of Law and Health
This note will seek to determine if granting a physician the right to warn third parties at risk is the appropriate solution to the above scenario and others like it. Part I will supply a background on the virus that causes AIDS. Part II will review possible legal justification for this breach of the confidential doctor/patient relationship. Part III discusses why there is a need to maintain strict confidentiality of AIDS-related information. Finally, Part IV will discuss alternatives to granting physicians the right to warn.
Justice, Mental Health, And Therapeutic Jurisprudence, David B. Wexler
Justice, Mental Health, And Therapeutic Jurisprudence, David B. Wexler
Cleveland State Law Review
Mental health law advocates and even scholars have typically been hostile toward, afraid of, or at best indifferent to, the mental health disciplines (mainly psychiatry and psychology) and their practitioners. Learning to be skeptical of supposed scientific expertise is an important lesson, and the law should never simply defer to psychiatry and the related disciplines. But to the extent that the legal system now ignores developments in the mental health disciplines, the lesson of healthy skepticism has been overlearned. It is my thesis, then, that those of us interested in 'justice" in mental health law ought not to adopt the …
The Justice Mission And Mental Health Law, Steven R. Smith
The Justice Mission And Mental Health Law, Steven R. Smith
Cleveland State Law Review
Mental health law's concern with justice, so much a part of the discussion of civil commitment, the insanity defense and other traditional mental health subjects, has been a neglected subject in one important area. Malpractice claims against mental health professionals commonly are slow, expensive and embarrassing for the professional and the injured. Processing these claims creates great stress on plaintiffs and defendants alike. The legal system has been insensitive to the harm it inflicts on mental health patients who pursue malpractice claims. Too often even patients' lawyers have also ignored the potential for harm. Because the current system conflicts with …
Rights Within The Therapeutic Relationship, Patricia King
Rights Within The Therapeutic Relationship, Patricia King
Journal of Law and Health
My thesis is that the failure of these rights to be implemented in any meaningful way for persons with mental illness is the result of a narrow image of rights which emphasizes the individual, valuing autonomy independent of care, and sacrifices relationship and the connection to the community. By conceiving of rights in such a way, we strengthen the individual but do not address the reality of the context or relationship within which persons with mental illness will actualize these rights. This failure to recognize and account for the disequilibrium within therapeutic relationships and the necessity of caring within such …
The Discovery Of Medical Records Maintained By Health Care Facilities: Inconsistent Law In Need Of Legislative Correction, Susan O. Scheutzow, Anthea R. Daniels
The Discovery Of Medical Records Maintained By Health Care Facilities: Inconsistent Law In Need Of Legislative Correction, Susan O. Scheutzow, Anthea R. Daniels
Journal of Law and Health
This article will review current law in Ohio regarding the protection of medical records maintained by Ohio health care facilities. The Ohio law of privileged communications between health care professionals and patients also will be traced to show how only communications between patients and their physicians, dentists, psychologists, and social workers are currently protected. Since similar public policy reasons may apply to the protection of communications between a wider range of health care professionals and their patients as those communications with physicians, dentists, psychologists, and social workers, this article will discuss why the public policy reasons supporting the initial adoption …
I Shot The Sheriff, But Only My Analyst Knows: Shrinking The Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege, Brian Domb
I Shot The Sheriff, But Only My Analyst Knows: Shrinking The Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege, Brian Domb
Journal of Law and Health
This Note will discuss the psychotherapist-patient privileges as it relates to past crimes and will use the Menendez facts to analyze different problems associated with the privilege. First, privileges law in general will be described with an emphasis on the public policy rationales supporting the specific privileges; ample space will then be devoted exclusively to the psychotherapist -patient privilege, especially the unique problems associated with having any exceptions which allow testimony of psychotherapeutic communications. The Note will then discuss the recognized exceptions to the psychotherapist privilege to see if a case can be made for an exception relating to past …
The Bill Chill: Safe Harbors In The Medicare And Medicaid Fraud And Abuse Statutes, Pamela L. Gorski
The Bill Chill: Safe Harbors In The Medicare And Medicaid Fraud And Abuse Statutes, Pamela L. Gorski
Journal of Law and Health
This Note will determine whether the safe harbor regulations, intended to advise hospitals of permissible conduct, have instead created a chilling effect on the competitive market place. Have governmental regulations, in the form of safe harbors, failed to produce clear answers and guidance to hospitals? It would appear that instead of clarifying the issues, these new proposed safe harbor regulations have, in fact, prevented hospitals from offering patients and the federal government cost savings in the form of discounts and rebates.
Nursing Home Contracts: Is It Time For Bad Faith To Come Out Of Retirement?, Charles A. Lattanzi
Nursing Home Contracts: Is It Time For Bad Faith To Come Out Of Retirement?, Charles A. Lattanzi
Journal of Law and Health
For certain types of contracts, the remedy for the breach of the implied duty of good faith and fair dealing has been found to lie in tort. Until the Supreme Court's ruling in Pilot Life Ins. Co. v. Dedeaux, courts were rapidly extending the application of the tort of bad faith breach of contract into areas beyond the traditionally accepted realm of insurance contracts. Most significant for the purposes of this note was the expansion into the area of health care services, specifically health maintenance organizations. Perhaps because of the chilling effect Pilot Life has had upon this form of …
The Health And Welfare Of The Palestinians Under Israeli Occupation, Neal Atway
The Health And Welfare Of The Palestinians Under Israeli Occupation, Neal Atway
Journal of Law and Health
This note will attempt to give a brief background on how the West Bank and Gaza Strip became the "occupied territories", analyze the treatment of Palestinians under Israeli occupation, and interpret the international law that relates to those territories, specifically the Fourth Geneva Convention and the United Nations Resolutions which address the protection of the health and well-being of the Palestinians under Israeli occupation.