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Articles 451 - 480 of 534
Full-Text Articles in Food and Drug Law
Off-Label Drug Marketing, The First Amendment, And Federalism, David Orentlicher
Off-Label Drug Marketing, The First Amendment, And Federalism, David Orentlicher
Scholarly Works
In this article, Professor Orentlicher explores free speech and federalism issues arising from FDA regulation of off-label uses and off-label marketing of drugs. In light of the FDA's desire to respect state government authority, together with other considerations discussed in this article, he argues for the rejection of the analysis of the Caronia court and to give the FDA significant leeway in its regulation of off-label marketing.
Persistent Threats To Commercial Speech, Jonathan H. Adler
Persistent Threats To Commercial Speech, Jonathan H. Adler
Faculty Publications
The current Supreme Court is very protective of speech, including commercial speech. Threats to commercial speech persist nonetheless. This article briefly examines two: the use of commercial speech restrictions as a form of rent-seeking, and compelled commercial speech. Regulation of commercial speech is sometimes used to protect established corporate interests from competitors who are less able to bear the costs of regulation, with consequences that extend beyond the economic marketplace. In the case of commercial speech, courts have also been unduly deferential to claims of a consumer “right to know” as a basis for mandated labeling and disclosure. Greater and …
Taxing Legalized Marijuana: How Courts Should Treat Drug Tax Statutes In Light Of The Fifth Amendment's Self-Incrimination Clause And Executive Non-Enforcement Of The Controlled Substances Act, Joseph A. Goldstein
Cardozo Law Review
No abstract provided.
Opening The Barnyard Door: Transparency And The Resurgence Of Ag-Gag & Veggie Libel Laws, Nicole E. Negowetti
Opening The Barnyard Door: Transparency And The Resurgence Of Ag-Gag & Veggie Libel Laws, Nicole E. Negowetti
Seattle University Law Review
Over the past several decades, as the agricultural system became increasingly industrialized and the steps from farm to plate multiplied, consumers became farther removed from the sources of their food. Until recently, most consumers in America were content to eat their processed, cheap, and filling foods without giving a second thought to how these foods were produced. The tides are changing. Increasingly, consumers are calling for more transparency in the food system. Repulsed by images of animal cruelty and shocked by unsavory food production practices, consumers want the food industry’s veil lifted and are demanding changes in food production. The …
The Dangerous Right To Food Choice, Samuel R. Wiseman
The Dangerous Right To Food Choice, Samuel R. Wiseman
Seattle University Law Review
Scholars, advocates, and interest groups have grown increasingly concerned with the ways in which government regulations—from agricultural subsidies to food safety regulations to licensing restrictions on food trucks—affect access to local food. One argument emerging from the interest in recent years is that choosing what foods to eat, what I have previously called “liberty of palate,” is a fundamental right. The attraction is obvious: infringements of fundamental rights trigger strict scrutiny, which few statutes survive. As argued elsewhere, the doctrinal case for the existence of such a right is very weak. This Essay does not revisit those arguments, but instead …
Ag Gag Past, Present, And Future, Justin F. Marceau
Ag Gag Past, Present, And Future, Justin F. Marceau
Seattle University Law Review
While the animal rights and food justice movements are relatively young, their political unpopularity has generated a steady onslaught of legislation designed to curtail their effectiveness. At each stage of their nascent development, these movements have confronted a new wave of criminal or civil sanctions carefully tailored to combat the previous successes the movements had achieved.
The 2014 Farm Bill: Farm Subsidies And Food Oppression, Andrea Freeman
The 2014 Farm Bill: Farm Subsidies And Food Oppression, Andrea Freeman
Seattle University Law Review
The 2014 Farm Bill ushered in some significant and surprising changes. One of these was that it rendered the identity of all the recipients of farm subsidies secret. Representative Larry Combest, who is now a lobbyist for agribusiness, first introduced a secrecy provision into the bill in 2000. The provision, however, only applied to subsidies made in the form of crop insurance. Until 2014, the majority of subsidies were direct payments and the identity of the people who received them was public information. In fact, the Environmental Working Group’s release of the list of recipients led to a series of …
Putting A Gag On Farm Whistleblowers: The Right To Lie And The Right To Remain Silent Confront State Agricultural Protectionism, Rita-Marie Cain Reid, Amber L. Kingery
Putting A Gag On Farm Whistleblowers: The Right To Lie And The Right To Remain Silent Confront State Agricultural Protectionism, Rita-Marie Cain Reid, Amber L. Kingery
Journal of Food Law & Policy
Whistleblowers play an important role in filling gaps in government food safety systems. Unfortunately, several dominant food-producing states have pursued legislative initiatives that punish farm whistleblowers and silence investigative tactics. First, this research describes various state legislative initiatives that curb criticism of agriculture. The work analyzes the federal food safety system and how these protections limiting agricultural criticism contravene that food safety net. Further, the research analyzes the free speech concerns in the newest protectionist laws. The analysis recommends strategies and future research to improve agriculture safety and protect free speech in an evolving food safety landscape.
Effectively Regulating E-Cigarettes And Their Advertising—And The First Amendment, Eric N. Lindblom
Effectively Regulating E-Cigarettes And Their Advertising—And The First Amendment, Eric N. Lindblom
O'Neill Institute Papers
If tobacco smoking did not exist in the United States, there would be no reason, from a public health perspective, to allow addictive, nicotine-containing e-cigarettes to be marketed and sold. Because e-cigarette use, by itself, is neither beneficial nor benign to users and nonusers, the only public health justification for allowing e-cigarettes in the existing U.S. market would be if doing so would not sustain or increase existing smoking levels but would help smokers quit completely or provide addicted smokers a less harmful way to obtain the nicotine they crave. Yet e-cigarettes are now pervasive in the U.S. market, being …
B.Y.O. Heroin: Will Canada Finally Recognize The Fundamental Rights Of Injection Drug Users By Providing Access To Safe Injection Facilities?, Robert Marston
B.Y.O. Heroin: Will Canada Finally Recognize The Fundamental Rights Of Injection Drug Users By Providing Access To Safe Injection Facilities?, Robert Marston
Georgia Journal of International & Comparative Law
No abstract provided.
The Prohibition Of Moonshine: A Consumer Protection Analysis Of Raw Milk In Interstate Commerce, Whitney R. Morgan
The Prohibition Of Moonshine: A Consumer Protection Analysis Of Raw Milk In Interstate Commerce, Whitney R. Morgan
West Virginia Law Review
No abstract provided.
Presidential Politics As A Safeguard Of Federalism: The Case Of Marijuana Legalization, David S. Schwartz
Presidential Politics As A Safeguard Of Federalism: The Case Of Marijuana Legalization, David S. Schwartz
Buffalo Law Review
No abstract provided.
Failing To Warn In The Context Of Rare Side Effects, Morris Dweck
Failing To Warn In The Context Of Rare Side Effects, Morris Dweck
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
No abstract provided.
Morning-After Decisions: Legal Mobilization Against Emergency Contraception In Chile, Fernando Muñoz León
Morning-After Decisions: Legal Mobilization Against Emergency Contraception In Chile, Fernando Muñoz León
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
In Chile, the Criminal Code bans all forms of abortion. Furthermore, the Constitution—drafted and enacted by the Military Junta led by General Augusto Pinochet—was inspired by a conservative version of Catholic natural law championed by prominent Chilean constitutional law scholars. This Article traces the emergence, development, and ultimately the defeat of a persistent legal mobilization driven by natural law-inspired litigants, politicians, and scholars against levonorgestrel-based emergency contraception, also known as the morning-after pill. In their decade-long efforts at legal mobilization, these natural law litigants used every tool of the Chilean legal system to challenge the legality and the constitutionality of …
Lighting A Fire Under Free Speech: The Fda's Graphic Attempts To Reduce Smoking Rates, Ashley Peterson
Lighting A Fire Under Free Speech: The Fda's Graphic Attempts To Reduce Smoking Rates, Ashley Peterson
University of Richmond Law Review
No abstract provided.
High Federalism: Marijuana Legalization And The Limits Of Federal Power To Regulate States, David S. Schwartz
High Federalism: Marijuana Legalization And The Limits Of Federal Power To Regulate States, David S. Schwartz
Cardozo Law Review
The conflict between state marijuana legalization and the blanket federal marijuana prohibition of the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) has created a federalism crisis in which the duties of state officials to adhere to state or federal law are unclear. Current federalism doctrine cannot even tell us whether or not a local police officer who encounters a person in state-authorized possession of marijuana must arrest the person and seize the marijuana. The two most clearly applicable federalism doctrines - the Tenth Amendment anti-commmandeering doctrine and federal preemption of state law under the Supremacy Clause - offer only unsatisfactory answers. Anti-commandeering doctrine …
Conflicting Federal And State Medical Marijuana Policies: A Threat To Cooperative Federalism, Todd Grabarsky
Conflicting Federal And State Medical Marijuana Policies: A Threat To Cooperative Federalism, Todd Grabarsky
West Virginia Law Review
The legal status of medical marijuana in the United States is something of a paradox. On one hand, the federal government has placed a ban on the drug with no exceptions. On the other hand, forty percent of states have legal- ized its cultivation, distribution, and consumption for medical purposes. As such, medical marijuana activity is at the same time proscribed (by the federal government) and encouraged (by state governments through their systems of regulation and taxation). This Article seeks to shed light on this unprecedented, nebulous zone of legality in which an activity is both legal and illegal, what …
Advancing An Adaptive Standard Of Strict Scrutiny For Content-Based Commercial Speech Regulation, Nat Stern, Mark Joseph Stern
Advancing An Adaptive Standard Of Strict Scrutiny For Content-Based Commercial Speech Regulation, Nat Stern, Mark Joseph Stern
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
Drugs And Alcohol In The Workplace , Venable, Baetjer & Howard, Esqs.
Drugs And Alcohol In The Workplace , Venable, Baetjer & Howard, Esqs.
Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary
No abstract provided.
Mandatory Drug Testing Of College Athletes: Are Athletes Being Denied Their Constitutional Rights? , Allison Rose
Mandatory Drug Testing Of College Athletes: Are Athletes Being Denied Their Constitutional Rights? , Allison Rose
Pepperdine Law Review
No abstract provided.
The Gray Zone In The Power Of Local Municipalities: Where Zoning Authority Clashes With State Law, Skye L. Daley
The Gray Zone In The Power Of Local Municipalities: Where Zoning Authority Clashes With State Law, Skye L. Daley
The Journal of Business, Entrepreneurship & the Law
This article will explore the oft-overlooked area of police powers granted to local municipalities by the California Constitution through the lens of marijuana dispensaries. These dispensaries, and the obstacles they face, provide the perfect vantage point from which to survey the current status of zoning power in California. This article will consider the extent and limits of what is known as the “police powers” of local municipalities: the power of cities, towns and counties to regulate, restrict, and proscribe the way in which land can be utilized within its borders. If local municipalities are the creation of the state--indeed, an …
Put A Cork In It: The Use Of H.R. 161 To End Direct Wine Shipping Throughout The States Once And For All, Victoria H. Jones
Put A Cork In It: The Use Of H.R. 161 To End Direct Wine Shipping Throughout The States Once And For All, Victoria H. Jones
Journal of Food Law & Policy
Due to Congress' recent agenda, oenophiles throughout the country are up in arms about the possible threat to their beloved wine. Wine lovers and other alcohol enthusiasts face the very real fear that access to their favorite products may soon be heavily restricted. This is in large part attributed to the fact that House Resolution 1161 would effectively change the ways in which states regulate alcohol shipment. The possible implications of this bill range from the forced shutdown of many wineries and distilleries due to lack of funding, to the smaller effects of regulation such as the inability of customers …
Childhood Obesity: Balancing The Nation's Interest With A Parent's Constitutional Right To Privacy, Denise Cohen
Childhood Obesity: Balancing The Nation's Interest With A Parent's Constitutional Right To Privacy, Denise Cohen
Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal
The note argues that governmental intervention into parental rights regarding childhood obesity is constitutionally justifiable under strict scrutiny, as it serves the compelling interests of both the child's well-being and societal welfare. While the constitutional right to privacy in parenting is fundamental, it is not absolute, and the growing public health crisis of childhood obesity necessitates narrowly tailored measures to hold parents accountable. The analysis proposes that existing legal frameworks, such as neglect statutes, can be effectively applied to address severe cases of childhood obesity, balancing individual rights with public health needs.
Discarding The North Dakota Dictum: An Argument For Strict Scrutiny Of The Three-Tier Distribution System, Amy Murphy
Discarding The North Dakota Dictum: An Argument For Strict Scrutiny Of The Three-Tier Distribution System, Amy Murphy
Michigan Law Review
In Granholm v. Heald, the Supreme Court held that states must treat instate and out-of-state alcoholic beverages equally under the dormant Commerce Clause and established a heightened standard of review for state alcohol laws. Yet in dictum the Court acknowledged that the three-tier distribution system-a regime that imposes a physical presence requirement on alcoholic beverage wholesalers and retailers-was "unquestionably legitimate." Though the system's physical presence requirement should trigger strict scrutiny, lower courts have placed special emphasis on Granholm's dictum, refusing to subject the three-tier distribution system to Granholm's heightened standard of review. This Note argues that the dictum should be …
Introduction, Justin Hughes
Introduction, Justin Hughes
Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Out Of The Garden Of Eden: Moving Beyond The Rights-Based Agenda In The Urban Sector, Benjamin Bradlow
Out Of The Garden Of Eden: Moving Beyond The Rights-Based Agenda In The Urban Sector, Benjamin Bradlow
Sustainable Development Law & Policy
No abstract provided.
Between Starvation And Globalization: Realizing The Right To Food In India, Lauren Birchfield, Jessica Corsi
Between Starvation And Globalization: Realizing The Right To Food In India, Lauren Birchfield, Jessica Corsi
Michigan Journal of International Law
This Article evaluates People's Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India & Others (PUCL) through multiple lenses, examining: (1) the necessary factors that contributed to the success of the Public Interest Litigation (PIL) and its enforcement and (2) both the implications and limitations of PUCL as it relates to India's larger economic policy framework. We argue that the development and success of the PUCL litigation have depended in part on provisions of the Indian Constitution amenable to the incorporation and promotion of economic and social rights as well as on a unique relationship between civil society and judicial institutions. …
Two Masters, Carl E. Schneider
Two Masters, Carl E. Schneider
Articles
American government rests on the principle of distrust of government. Not only is power within the federal government checked and balanced. Power is divided between the federal government and the state governments. So what if a state law conflicts with a federal law? The Constitution says that the "Constitution, and the Laws of the United States ... shall be the supreme Law of the Land; ... any Thing in the ... Laws of any State to the Contrary notwithstanding." Sometimes the conflict between federal and state law is obvious and the Supremacy Clause is easily applied. But sometimes ...
On The Limits Of Supremacy: Medical Marijuana And The States' Overlooked Power To Legalize Federal Crime, Robert A. Mikos
On The Limits Of Supremacy: Medical Marijuana And The States' Overlooked Power To Legalize Federal Crime, Robert A. Mikos
Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications
Using the conflict over medical marijuana as a timely case study, this Article explores the overlooked and underappreciated power of states to legalize conduct Congress bans. Though Congress has banned marijuana outright, and though that ban has survived constitutional scrutiny, state laws legalizing medical use of marijuana constitute the de facto governing law in thirteen states. This Article argues that these state laws and (most) related regulations have not been, and, more interestingly, cannot be preempted by Congress, given constraints imposed on Congress's preemption power by the anti-commandeering rule, properly understood. Just as importantly, these state laws matter, in a …