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Full-Text Articles in First Amendment

Terrorism And The Bill Of Rights, Rodney A. Smolla Apr 2002

Terrorism And The Bill Of Rights, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

In this article, Professor Smolla examines the right to free speech in the context of Black v. Commonwealth, a case which dealt with a Virginia law that banned cross-burning. While the legal doctrines argued in the Black case were certainly important then, they took on a whole new importance in light of the attacks on September 11, 2001. Professor Smolla discusses whether the terrorist attacks should affect the freedoms of speech and expression in America, concluding that, while horrific and life-changing, the attack on America should not alter our First Amendment rights.


The Puffery Of Lawyers, Rodney A. Smolla Mar 2002

The Puffery Of Lawyers, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


The First Amendment And The New Civil Liability, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 2002

The First Amendment And The New Civil Liability, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


From Hit Man To Encyclopedia Of Jihad: How To Distinguish Freedom Of Speech From Terrorist Training, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 2002

From Hit Man To Encyclopedia Of Jihad: How To Distinguish Freedom Of Speech From Terrorist Training, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


Information As Contraband: The First Amendment And Liability For Trafficking In Speech, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 2002

Information As Contraband: The First Amendment And Liability For Trafficking In Speech, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


Free Speech Rationales After September 11th: The First Amendment In Post-World Trade Center America, Marin Roger Scordato Jan 2002

Free Speech Rationales After September 11th: The First Amendment In Post-World Trade Center America, Marin Roger Scordato

Scholarly Articles

The tragic events of September 11th generated numerous proposals for greater security measures and increased police powers that might, if implemented, constrict the customary scope of free speech in the United States. Legitimate concerns for internal security have placed increased pressures on traditional constitutional protections for expressive activity. It is against this backdrop that this article presents a careful examination of the basic rationales for adopting constitutional level protections for free speech. The article analyzes the nature of, and many of the conflicts among, the traditional rationales for a constitutional right of free expression. It also suggests that much of …


What Passes For Policy And Proof In First Amendment Litigation?, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 2001

What Passes For Policy And Proof In First Amendment Litigation?, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


Emerging Trends In Religious Liberty, Robert A. Destro Jan 2001

Emerging Trends In Religious Liberty, Robert A. Destro

Scholarly Articles

From a religious liberty perspective, the October 2000 term of the United States Supreme Court was relatively uneventful. The Court decided only one case raising significant religious liberty concerns, Good News Club v. Milford Central School. Good News Club adds little to the First Amendment case law already on the books, but it does provide an excellent opportunity to highlight the growing need for well-informed scholars, both American and foreign, to examine the relationships between and among clauses of the First and Fourteenth Amendments to the Constitution of the United States.


Should The Brandenburg V. Ohio Incitement Test Apply In Media Violence Cases?, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 2000

Should The Brandenburg V. Ohio Incitement Test Apply In Media Violence Cases?, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

None available.


Religious Liberty And The Politics Of Judicial Review, Robert A. Destro Jan 2000

Religious Liberty And The Politics Of Judicial Review, Robert A. Destro

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.


Qualified Intimacy, Celebrity, And The Case For A Newsgathering Privilege, Rodney A. Smolla Oct 1999

Qualified Intimacy, Celebrity, And The Case For A Newsgathering Privilege, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


The Constitutionality Of Mandatory Public School Service Programs, Rodney A. Smolla Oct 1999

The Constitutionality Of Mandatory Public School Service Programs, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Part of a special issue on amateurs in public service and their involvement in volunteering, service-learning, and community service. An analysis of the constitutionality of mandatory public school community service programs is presented. The legality of such programs is examined with reference to conditions, coercion, and the right-privilege distinction; community service as involuntary servitude; the substantive due process doctrine; conscientious objection based on religion or ideology; and organizational inclusion and exclusion. It is acknowledged that community service programs are not value-neutral, in that they obviously reflect the community's philosophical and cultural judgments regarding the mission and function of public schools. …


Political Speech—Restrictions On Ballot-Initiative Petitions, Buckley V. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Mark L. Rienzi Jan 1999

Political Speech—Restrictions On Ballot-Initiative Petitions, Buckley V. American Constitutional Law Foundation, Mark L. Rienzi

Scholarly Articles

The Supreme Court has repeatedly noted that ballot and election regulations raise difficult questions about the interplay between the First Amendment's heightened protection for political speech, and states' need to regulate ballots and elections to ensure fair and orderly democracy. When making the delicate judgments between protecting political speech and allowing states to regulate elections, the Court has traditionally stated precisely which test it was employing to evaluate individual restrictions. Last Term, in Buckley v. American Constitutional Law Foundation, the Court invalidated several of Colorado's restrictions on the signature-gathering process for ballot initiative petitions. In so doing, the Court failed …


Will Tabloid Journalism Ruin The First Amendment For The Rest Of Us?, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 1998

Will Tabloid Journalism Ruin The First Amendment For The Rest Of Us?, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


Speech And The Self-Realization Value, Brian C. Murchison Jan 1998

Speech And The Self-Realization Value, Brian C. Murchison

Scholarly Articles

None available.


The Architecture Of The Establishment Clause, John H. Garvey Jan 1997

The Architecture Of The Establishment Clause, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.


The Real Reason For Religious Freedom, John H. Garvey Jan 1997

The Real Reason For Religious Freedom, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.


Developments In Liability Theories And Defenses, Robert A. Destro Jan 1996

Developments In Liability Theories And Defenses, Robert A. Destro

Scholarly Articles

Litigators with experience in the field of religious liberty believe that courts do not seem to take religious liberty claims and defenses very seriously; however, it is difficult to know why. To be sure, the anecdotal evidence is certainly there, not only in the reported cases, but also in the actual courtroom experiences of those who attempt to raise religious liberty claims and defenses. In one Texas tort case, a trial court judge stated that she would not permit the Church "to hide behind the first amendment;" in a Maryland case a number of years ago, I was asked by …


All Things Being Equal, John H. Garvey Jan 1996

All Things Being Equal, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

I will discuss the effect that the proposed Religious Equality Amendment might have on existing First Amendment law.


An Anti-Liberal Argument For Religious Freedom, John H. Garvey Jan 1996

An Anti-Liberal Argument For Religious Freedom, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

I want to consider why we protect freedom of religion as a constitutional right. The commonsense answer, which I think hits close to the truth, is that we protect it because religion is important. I will try to show that this answer is better than the alternatives which liberal theory offers.


Interpretation And Interdependence: How Judges Use The Avoidance Canon In Separation Of Powers Cases, Brian C. Murchison Jan 1995

Interpretation And Interdependence: How Judges Use The Avoidance Canon In Separation Of Powers Cases, Brian C. Murchison

Scholarly Articles

None available.


The Structure Of The Religious Liberty Guarantee, Robert A. Destro Jan 1995

The Structure Of The Religious Liberty Guarantee, Robert A. Destro

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.


Sullivan's Paradox: The Emergence Of Judicial Standards Of Journalism, Brian C. Murchison Jan 1994

Sullivan's Paradox: The Emergence Of Judicial Standards Of Journalism, Brian C. Murchison

Scholarly Articles

In this article, the authors examine the development of libel law in America since the Supreme Court's watershed decision in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan and suggest that Sullivan affords members of the press less protection than many think. Sullivan's actual malice standard invites judges to create norms of acceptable journalistic conduct for news gathering, which members of the press and their lawyers use as maps to navigate around libel liability. The authors examine a large number of these judicial decisions and note the types of journalistic conduct at issue and what conduct the courts view positively. The authors …


Information, Imagery, And The First Amendment: A Case For Expensive Protection Of Commercial Speech, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 1993

Information, Imagery, And The First Amendment: A Case For Expensive Protection Of Commercial Speech, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


Black And White Images, John H. Garvey Jan 1993

Black And White Images, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

In 1989 the National Endowment for the Arts (the "NEA") caused a stir by funding two exhibitions of photographs by Robert Mapplethorpe and Andres Serrano. The pictures were vulgar and irreverent, and many people thought that the NEA should not sponsor them with tax money. Whether the NEA can actually control the content of speech that it pays for is a hard First Amendment question. I want to look at how Congress has tried to answer it. Congress seriously considered two solutions, and adopted one of them in 1990. Both rely on analogies drawn from the area of race relations. …


Cover Your Ears, John H. Garvey Jan 1993

Cover Your Ears, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

Lee v. Weisman holds that public schools cannot offer prayers at graduation ceremonies. It has another curious implication: according to George Dent, it also means that public schools must excuse religious dissenters from offensive parts of the currculum. I think this is an astute observation. The issues are not alike doctrinally Weisman is an Establishment Clause case; the curriculum cases are Free Exercise cases. But the schools cause similar harms in both cases; they do so mostly by exposing children to unwelcome ideas. Why is this so upsetting? Why object to hearing people talk? I want to make three observations: …


A Proposed Process For Managing The First Amendment Aspects Of Campus Hate Speech, William A. Kaplin Jan 1992

A Proposed Process For Managing The First Amendment Aspects Of Campus Hate Speech, William A. Kaplin

Scholarly Articles

For public institutions, attempts to regulate hate speech raise substantial legal issues under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. For private institutions, which may not be bound by the First Amendment, attempts to regulate hate speech raise sensitive policy questions concerning the role of free expression on campus. Numerous articles (many of which are listed in the references below) have undertaken substantive analysis of these constitutional issues and policy questions. In contrast, this article explores a preliminary and overarching concern: the process by which a college or university addresses the problem of hate speech, and in particular the process …


‘Hate Speech’ On The College Campus: Freedom Of Speech And Equality At The Crossroads, William A. Kaplin Jan 1992

‘Hate Speech’ On The College Campus: Freedom Of Speech And Equality At The Crossroads, William A. Kaplin

Scholarly Articles

This article focuses on the First Amendment implications of the hate speech problem, comparing the free speech values that may be endangered by attempts to regulate hate speech with the equality values that may be endangered if hate speech is left unchecked. I will also concentrate on processes that universities may devise to resolve these crucial value questions. My goal is to add order and balance to the differing points of view concerning hate speech, and to bring a measure of practicality and concreteness to what has often been a rather theoretical and abstract debate. In short, my focus will …


Affirmative Action In The Marketplace Of Ideas, Rodney A. Smolla Jan 1991

Affirmative Action In The Marketplace Of Ideas, Rodney A. Smolla

Scholarly Articles

Not available.


Churches And The Free Exercise Of Religion, John H. Garvey Jan 1990

Churches And The Free Exercise Of Religion, John H. Garvey

Scholarly Articles

The first amendment says that "Congress shall make no law . . . prohibiting the free exercise" of religion. This rule is most often used to protect individuals (religious speakers, pacifists, people claiming public benefits). This is hardly surprising. We naturally think that free exercise is an individual right, as we think that religion is a personal and private affair. I want to dispute (more modestly, to qualify) that view. I will argue that we should (sometimes) see the freedom of religion as a group right, which can conflict with, and take precedence over, individual rights.