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Michigan Law Review

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Articles 91 - 120 of 265

Full-Text Articles in First Amendment

Religion-Based Peremptory Challenges After Batson V. Kentucky And J.E.B. V. Alabama: An Equal Protection And First Amendment Analysis, Benjamin Hoorn Barton Oct 1995

Religion-Based Peremptory Challenges After Batson V. Kentucky And J.E.B. V. Alabama: An Equal Protection And First Amendment Analysis, Benjamin Hoorn Barton

Michigan Law Review

This Note argues that under Batson, J.E.B., the First Amendment, and the Equal Protection Clause, religion-based peremptory challenges are unconstitutional. This Note asserts that the analysis of governmental religious discrimination, such as a peremptory challenge, is the same under either the First Amendment or the Equal Protection Clause because both apply strict scrutiny to purposeful government discrimination.

Part I examines Batson and J.E.B. in greater detail and states a model for analyzing discriminatory peremptory challenges in which such challenges are treated as intentional governmental discrimination subject to heightened scrutiny. Part II argues that under the First Amendment, intentional governmental …


Strangers On A Train, Peirre N. Leval May 1993

Strangers On A Train, Peirre N. Leval

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Make No Law: The Sullivan Case and the First Amendment by Anthony Lewis


Girls Lean Back Everywhere: The Law Of Obscenity And The Assault On Genius, Anne E. Gilson May 1993

Girls Lean Back Everywhere: The Law Of Obscenity And The Assault On Genius, Anne E. Gilson

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Girls Lean Back Everywhere: The Law of Obscenity and the Assault on Genius by Edward de Grazia


Free Speech For Me—But Not For Thee: How The American Left And Right Relentlessly Censor Each Other, Bradley L. Smith May 1993

Free Speech For Me—But Not For Thee: How The American Left And Right Relentlessly Censor Each Other, Bradley L. Smith

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Free Speech for Me—But Not for Thee: How the American Left and Right Relentlessly Censor Each Other by Nat Hentoff


The Integration Of Religious Liberty, John Witte Jr. May 1992

The Integration Of Religious Liberty, John Witte Jr.

Michigan Law Review

A Review of A Nation Dedicated to Religious Liberty: The constitutional Heritage of the Religion Clauses by Arlin M. Adams and Charles J. Emmerich


Imagining A Free Press, Geoffrey R. Stone May 1992

Imagining A Free Press, Geoffrey R. Stone

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Images of a Free Press by Lee C. Bollinger


Transforming Free Speech: The Ambiguous Legacy Of Civil Libertarianism, Gregory P. Magarian May 1992

Transforming Free Speech: The Ambiguous Legacy Of Civil Libertarianism, Gregory P. Magarian

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Transforming Free Speech: The Ambiguous Legacy of Civil Libertarianism by Mark A. Graber


The Meaning Of Dissent, Lee C. Bollinger May 1991

The Meaning Of Dissent, Lee C. Bollinger

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The First Amendment, Democracy, and Romance by Steven H. Shiffrin


Structural Free Exercise, Mary Ann Glendon, Raul F. Yanes Jan 1991

Structural Free Exercise, Mary Ann Glendon, Raul F. Yanes

Michigan Law Review

In Part I of this article, we analyze the development of case law interpreting the religious freedom language of the First Amendment from the 1940s to the eve of the rights revolution as a casualty of the piecemeal approach to incorporation, compounded by a series of judicial lapses and oversights. Part II deals with the fate of the Religion Clause in the era of the rights revolution, when the free exercise and establishment provisions were deployed in the service of a constitutional agenda to which they were, in themselves, largely peripheral. The current period of doctrinal change is the subject …


Making Sense Of Billboard Law: Justifying Prohibitions And Exemptions, R. Douglass Bond Aug 1990

Making Sense Of Billboard Law: Justifying Prohibitions And Exemptions, R. Douglass Bond

Michigan Law Review

Part I of this Note surveys the trends in the aesthetic regulation of billboards, culminating in the Supreme Court of California's decision in Metromedia, Inc. v. City of San Diego, and the Supreme Court's review of that decision. Part II analyzes the five Metromedia opinions in order to present properly the contemporary debate over billboard law. It inquires whether a sign prohibition should hinge on the commercial or noncommercial status of the targeted signs. Part III indicates how ambiguities in the Metromedia plurality opinion have produced the conflict in lower courts between the commercial/noncommercial distinction and the onsite/ off …


The New Politics Of Pornography, René L. Todd May 1990

The New Politics Of Pornography, René L. Todd

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The New Politics of Pornography by Donald A. Downs


Invasion Of Privacy: The Cross Creek Trial Of Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Laura J. Hines May 1990

Invasion Of Privacy: The Cross Creek Trial Of Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Laura J. Hines

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Invasion of Privacy: The Cross Creek Trial of Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings by Patricia Nassif Acton


A Prior Restraint By Any Other Name: The Judicial Response To Media Challenges Of Gag Orders Directed At Trial Participants, René L. Todd Apr 1990

A Prior Restraint By Any Other Name: The Judicial Response To Media Challenges Of Gag Orders Directed At Trial Participants, René L. Todd

Michigan Law Review

Gag orders directed at trial participants do not directly intrude into the media's editorial process, but instead result in a reduction of the total communication available regarding trial proceedings. In this way, participant-directed gag orders are effective, albeit indirect, restraints upon the media. This Note examines the dynamics of these participant-directed restrictions and their consequent effect upon the media. Part I examines participant-directed gag orders in relation to traditional prior restraint doctrine. After discussing the history of prior restraint doctrine and the present standard of prior restraint analysis, Part I relates efforts by courts to apply. prior restraint doctrine to …


Public Response To Racist Speech: Considering The Victim's Story, Mari J. Matsuda Aug 1989

Public Response To Racist Speech: Considering The Victim's Story, Mari J. Matsuda

Michigan Law Review

The threat of hate groups like the Ku Klux Klan and the neo-Nazi skinheads goes beyond their repeated acts of illegal violence. Their presence and the active dissemination of racist propaganda means that citizens are denied personal security and liberty as they go about their daily lives. Professor Richard Delgado recognized the harm of racist speech in his breakthrough article, Words That Wound, in which he suggested a tort remedy for injury from racist words. This Article takes inspiration from Professor Delgado's position, and makes the further suggestion that formal criminal and administrative sanction - public as opposed to private …


American Broadcasting And The First Amendment, René L. Todd May 1989

American Broadcasting And The First Amendment, René L. Todd

Michigan Law Review

A Review of American Broadcasting and the First Amendment by Lucas A. Powe, Jr.


Harry Kalven, The Proust Of The First Amendment, Lee Bollinger May 1989

Harry Kalven, The Proust Of The First Amendment, Lee Bollinger

Michigan Law Review

A Review of A Worth Tradition: Freedom of Speech in America by Harry Kalven, Jr.


Free Speech And The "Acid Bath": An Evaluation And Critique Of Judge Richard Posner's Economic Interpretation Of The First Amendment, Peter J. Hammer Nov 1988

Free Speech And The "Acid Bath": An Evaluation And Critique Of Judge Richard Posner's Economic Interpretation Of The First Amendment, Peter J. Hammer

Michigan Law Review

Part I of this Note introduces the mechanics of the model Judge Posner has developed to determine whether restrictions upon speech should be upheld. Part II evaluates and critiques Posner's method from an internal perspective. This is first done by examining the theoretical foundations and assumptions of his economic perspective. This part then turns to testing the output and conclusions of the model to determine how successfully the theory can be turned into practice. Part III constitutes an external critique of Posner's model. This part addresses the question of whether the first amendment should be thought of in economic terms. …


The Apologetics Of Suppression: The Regulation Of Pornography As Act And Idea, Steven G. Gey Jun 1988

The Apologetics Of Suppression: The Regulation Of Pornography As Act And Idea, Steven G. Gey

Michigan Law Review

The first three parts of this article discuss in detail the relationship between the Supreme Court's obscenity rulings and the academic theories that have been offered to bolster the conclusions reached by the Court in this area. Part IV of the article considers a contrary theory of free expression that requires constitutional protection for the dissemination and possession of pornography. In this section I argue that the present efforts to ban pornography are directly linked to a tolerance model of free expression. The tolerance model, which is usually contrasted with an analytical approach characterized by Holmesian skepticism, necessarily relies upon …


Public Prayer And The Constitution, Ethan M. Posner May 1988

Public Prayer And The Constitution, Ethan M. Posner

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Public Prayer and the Constitution by Rodney K. Smith


The Believer And The Powers That Are, Elizabeth Ferguson May 1988

The Believer And The Powers That Are, Elizabeth Ferguson

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Believer and the Powers That Are by John T. Noonan, Jr.


Symbols, Perceptions, And Doctrinal Illusions: Establishment Neutrality And The "No Endorsement" Test, Steven D. Smith Nov 1987

Symbols, Perceptions, And Doctrinal Illusions: Establishment Neutrality And The "No Endorsement" Test, Steven D. Smith

Michigan Law Review

Section I of this article briefly describes the emergence and development of the "no endorsement" test. Section II then seeks to show that the test is deficient as doctrine, and thus incapable of providing the clarity and coherence that current doctrine so sorely lacks. Section III considers various likely theoretical justifications for the "no endorsement" proposal, including the justification advanced by Justice O'Connor, and concludes that these justifications, like the test itself, are seriously flawed. This conclusion provokes a question: If the "no endorsement" test is doctrinally deficient and without theoretical justification, why has it elicited such widespread enthusiasm? Section …


Restricting Adult Access To Material Obscene As To Juveniles, Ann H. Coulter Jun 1987

Restricting Adult Access To Material Obscene As To Juveniles, Ann H. Coulter

Michigan Law Review

This Note considers whether state regulations that restrict juvenile access to material that is obscene as to minors unconstitutionally encroach upon the first amendment rights of adults. Part I briefly describes the Court's opinion in Ginsberg. Part II introduces the "O'Brien analysis" and discusses the aspects of juvenile access restrictions that tend to make O'Brien scrutiny applicable. In this context the frequently relaxed judicial review of governmental restrictions on sexually related material will be discussed. Having concluded that the O'Brien analysis is applicable to access restrictions, Part III applies the test and ultimately concludes that juvenile access restrictions survive …


Law. Liberalism And Free Speech, M. Sean Laane May 1987

Law. Liberalism And Free Speech, M. Sean Laane

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Law, Liberalism and Free Speech by D.F.B. Tucker


Tolerance Theory And The First Amendment, James L. Oakes May 1987

Tolerance Theory And The First Amendment, James L. Oakes

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Tolerant Society: Free Speech and Extremist Speech in America by Lee C. Bollinger


Freedom Of Speech, Melissa H. Maxman May 1987

Freedom Of Speech, Melissa H. Maxman

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Freedom of Speech by Eric Barendt


American Indian Sacred Religious Sites And Government Development: A Conventional Analysis In An Unconventional Setting, Mark S. Cohen Feb 1987

American Indian Sacred Religious Sites And Government Development: A Conventional Analysis In An Unconventional Setting, Mark S. Cohen

Michigan Law Review

For centuries, American Indians have regarded specific lands as essential to their livelihood, government, culture, and religion. Congress and the courts have at times recognized the important relationship between tribes and their lands. Recognition has not always coincided with protection; during the nineteenth century and part of the twentieth century a series of governmental actions resulted in the tribes surrendering title and possession to many of their ancestral lands. Recently, however, American Indians have become increasingly active litigants in a variety of contexts. In one set of cases, Indians challenged government development projects on public lands, contending that because the …


Intentional Infliction Of Emotional Distress By Spiritual Counselors: Can Outrageous Conduct Be "Free Exercise"?, Lee W. Brooks May 1986

Intentional Infliction Of Emotional Distress By Spiritual Counselors: Can Outrageous Conduct Be "Free Exercise"?, Lee W. Brooks

Michigan Law Review

Part I explains the extent to which courts are competent to decide the threshold question of whether particular conduct is religious. Part II describes the balancing test put forward by the Supreme Court for evaluating free exercise claims, and derives criteria relevant to spiritual counseling from cases involving such claims. Part III summarizes the pertinent criteria and reviews the ways they may be employed to systematize the treatment of spiritual counseling cases.


Religion And The Burger Court, Rex E. Lee Apr 1986

Religion And The Burger Court, Rex E. Lee

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Religion, State and the Burger Court by Leo Pfeffer


Interpretations Of The First Amendment, Abner S. Greene Apr 1986

Interpretations Of The First Amendment, Abner S. Greene

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Interpretations of the First Amendment by


Levy Vs. Levy, David A. Anderson Apr 1986

Levy Vs. Levy, David A. Anderson

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Emergence of a Free Press by Leonard W. Levy