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Full-Text Articles in First Amendment

First Amendment Implications For E-Mail Threats: Are There Any Free Speech Protections?, 23 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 845 (2005), Joshua Azriel Jan 2005

First Amendment Implications For E-Mail Threats: Are There Any Free Speech Protections?, 23 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 845 (2005), Joshua Azriel

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

In this article, Azriel explores how the First Amendment protects or does not provide protections to threatening e-mail communications. The article begins by examining seminal U.S. Supreme Court cases that dealt with threatening speech. The factors that provide the First Amendment protections are described, as well as the particular facts of each case and the Court’s findings. Azriel then looks at the Federal Threat Law and the factors that are enunciated in that legislation with regard to the protections afforded threatening communications, in addition to federal court cases that have interpreted the statute. The article then looks at several cases …


Campaign Finance Reform, Electioneering Communications, And The First Amendment: Resuscitating The Third Exception, 38 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1315 (2005), Daniel B. Roth Jan 2005

Campaign Finance Reform, Electioneering Communications, And The First Amendment: Resuscitating The Third Exception, 38 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1315 (2005), Daniel B. Roth

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Recent Developments In Trademark Law: Confusion, Free Speech And The Question Of Use, 4 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 387 (2005), Chad J. Doellinger Jan 2005

Recent Developments In Trademark Law: Confusion, Free Speech And The Question Of Use, 4 J. Marshall Rev. Intell. Prop. L. 387 (2005), Chad J. Doellinger

UIC Review of Intellectual Property Law

The Supreme Court’s continued trend of refining trademark rights combined with a new concern for free speech and expression brings current and unresolved trademark issues to light. The large amount of activity in the development of trademark law in 2004 has brought additional uncertainty to trademark law. This article discusses recent Supreme Court trademark jurisprudence refining trademark rights, the development of recent trademark dilution cases, the role of use in commerce as applied to internet search engines and keyword issues, and the emphasis on free speech and expression.


Privacy Concerns Regarding The Monitoring Of Instant Messaging In The Workplace: Is It Big Brother Or Just Business?, Ira David Sep 2004

Privacy Concerns Regarding The Monitoring Of Instant Messaging In The Workplace: Is It Big Brother Or Just Business?, Ira David

Nevada Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Tests, Government Oversight, And The First Amendment: What The Government Can (And Can't) Do To Protect The Public's Health, Gail H. Javitt, Erica Stanley, Kathy Hudson Jan 2004

Direct-To-Consumer Genetic Tests, Government Oversight, And The First Amendment: What The Government Can (And Can't) Do To Protect The Public's Health, Gail H. Javitt, Erica Stanley, Kathy Hudson

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.


Musical Copyright Law: Past, Present And Future Of Online Music Distribution, Robert J. Delchin Jan 2004

Musical Copyright Law: Past, Present And Future Of Online Music Distribution, Robert J. Delchin

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Regulating Genetically Modified Foods: Is Mandatory Labeling The Right Answer?, Jonathan H. Adler Jan 2004

Regulating Genetically Modified Foods: Is Mandatory Labeling The Right Answer?, Jonathan H. Adler

Faculty Publications

What I want to talk about are some legal issues relating to labeling and, in particular, constitutional issues relating to mandatory labeling for genetically modified foods or food products that may contain genetically modified components. This is a separate issue from whether or not the FDA, or some other agency, has sufficient statutory authority at present to mandate labeling, and that is something worth discussing. Even if they do have such authority, or even if Congress tomorrow were to give the FDA such authority or were to require the FDA to impose labels on genetically modified foods, or if a …


Cyberdemons: Regulating A Truly World-Wide Web, Andrew P. Lycans May 2003

Cyberdemons: Regulating A Truly World-Wide Web, Andrew P. Lycans

Michigan Law Review

In the decade leading up to the twenty-first century, the number of Internet-related legal disputes grew exponentially. This growth continues into the new millennium, introducing old problems in a new context. For instance, in the field of copyright, Eric Eldred, the operator of a website dedicated to posting literary works already in the public domain, challenged the Copyright Term Extension Act ("CTEA"). The CTEA blocked his plans to post works copyrighted in 1923, works which under the previous statute would have entered the public domain in 1999. Looking to trademark law, the field has become obsessed of late with providing …


Disease And Cure?, L. A. Powe Jr. May 2003

Disease And Cure?, L. A. Powe Jr.

Michigan Law Review

Sunstein uses Franklin's remark to make two related points. First, citizens bear the burden of maintaining the American republic as a healthy, vibrant place; being a citizen is decidedly different from being a consumer. The former has duties, the latter wants (pp. 113-23). Second, and this is the gist of the slender book, the republic is jeopardized by the possibilities of the Internet. Sunstein assumes the correctness of MIT technology specialist Nicholas Negroponte's conclusion that in the not-too-distant future we will be able to create a "Daily Me" on the Internet that will provide the personalized information (including news) that …


Congress And The Courts Battle Over The First Amendment: Can The Law Really Protect Children From Pornography On The Internet?, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 141 (2003), Mitchell P. Goldstein Jan 2003

Congress And The Courts Battle Over The First Amendment: Can The Law Really Protect Children From Pornography On The Internet?, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 141 (2003), Mitchell P. Goldstein

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

Litigation and court action have provided little in the way of providing solutions to anyone dealing with inappropriate content on the Internet. In Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973). The court refused to establish a national standard and instead relied on community standards. Because the Internet has no geographic limitations, one cannot determine community standards because the Internet is so far reaching. Goldstein discusses in detail these Congressional enactments: Communications Decency Act of 1996, the Child Online Protection Act, and the Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996, finding that none of them give children protection from pornography. The challenge …


Caging The Bird Does Not Cage The Song: How The International Covenant On Civil And Political Rights Fails To Protect Free Expression Over The Internet, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 371 (2003), Antoine L. Collins Jan 2003

Caging The Bird Does Not Cage The Song: How The International Covenant On Civil And Political Rights Fails To Protect Free Expression Over The Internet, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 371 (2003), Antoine L. Collins

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

This comment addresses the right to free speech on the Internet. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, an instrument designed to protect the rights of individuals to free speech and expression, is analyzed for effectiveness. The author argues that the “ICCPR”, the most recent international human rights agreement, does not adequately protect Internet users, particularly from governments that may choose to violate citizens’ rights by interfering with computerized communications. The analysis of the “ICCPR” illustrates the purpose, capabilities and weaknesses of the agreement, and offers proposed changes to the act, to protect the rights of both the individual …


Queers Anonymous: Lesbians, Gay Men, Free Speech, And Cyberspace, Edward D. Stein Jan 2003

Queers Anonymous: Lesbians, Gay Men, Free Speech, And Cyberspace, Edward D. Stein

Articles

The expansion of cyberspace in the past decade has created unprecedented opportunities for communication, both across the globe and across the street. The Internet and other forms of cyberspace have provided new avenues for anonymous and pseudonymous communication. Individuals can now interact without the traditional constraints of time, place, and manner of communication.


The First Amendment And "Virtual" Child Pornography, Michael B. Landau Jul 2002

The First Amendment And "Virtual" Child Pornography, Michael B. Landau

Faculty Publications By Year

No abstract provided.


Content-Based Regulation Of Electronic Media: Indecent Speech On The Internet, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 19 (2002), Kelly M. Slavitt, Matthew Knorr Jan 2002

Content-Based Regulation Of Electronic Media: Indecent Speech On The Internet, 21 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 19 (2002), Kelly M. Slavitt, Matthew Knorr

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

Using an airing of the Victoria Secret fashion show as an example, the author explores the definition of "indecency" in media. She first discusses the how FCC treats indecency in traditional media (radio, broadcast TV and cable). Then, she addresses numerous failed attempts of applying indecency on the Internet. Consequently, she compares and contrasts the different media. Lastly, she suggests a solution in this regard that would likely pass constitutional muster. The FCC can impose fines or prison sentences on radio and broadcasting licensees for "uttering any obscene, indecent or profane language by means of radio communications." As for cable …


Law And Information Platforms, Philip J. Weiser Jan 2002

Law And Information Platforms, Philip J. Weiser

Publications

No abstract provided.


Has The Computer Revolution Placed Our Children In Danger? A Closer Look At The Child Pornography Prevention Act Of 1996, Alison R. Gladowsky Jan 2001

Has The Computer Revolution Placed Our Children In Danger? A Closer Look At The Child Pornography Prevention Act Of 1996, Alison R. Gladowsky

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note examines the constitutionality of the Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1996 (CPPA), focusing on its expansion of child pornography definitions to include virtual images. It argues that the CPPA is a necessary measure to protect children from exploitation, despite First Amendment challenges, and advocates for its constitutionality based on compelling government interests.


Parental Liability And The Criminal Misconduct Of Children In The Wake Of An Unregulated Internet: Who Should Pay?, Katherine R. Richardson Jan 2000

Parental Liability And The Criminal Misconduct Of Children In The Wake Of An Unregulated Internet: Who Should Pay?, Katherine R. Richardson

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The note examines the legal and practical challenges of holding parents accountable for their children's criminal acts, particularly when influenced by internet content. It questions the effectiveness of parental liability laws and highlights the tension between child protection, parental rights, and internet regulation. While acknowledging the complexity of these issues, the note suggests that parental liability should only apply when a clear causal link exists between negligence and harm, though proving such a link is legally challenging. Ultimately, the analysis advocates for a nuanced approach to balancing these competing interests.


Two Degrees Of Speech Protection: Free Speech Through The Prism Of Agricultural Disparagement Laws, Howard M. Wasserman Jan 2000

Two Degrees Of Speech Protection: Free Speech Through The Prism Of Agricultural Disparagement Laws, Howard M. Wasserman

Faculty Publications

In the wake of a 1989 national television broadcast reporting the alleged cancer risk of a chemical applied to apples on trees, many states passed agricultural product disparagement (APD) statutes. These statutes grant civil causes of action to the growers and sellers of perishable food products, against anyone who speaks negatively or disparagingly, without basis in scientific evidence, about the product's safety. In this Article, Howard M Wasserman explores the interplay between the APD statutes and the First Amendment. First, Mr. Wasserman discusses the three categories of restrictions on the freedom of speech, focusing primarily on private civil tort actions …


Zoning Speech On The Internet: A Legal And Technical Model, Lawrence Lessig, Paul Resnick Nov 1999

Zoning Speech On The Internet: A Legal And Technical Model, Lawrence Lessig, Paul Resnick

Michigan Law Review

Speech, it is said, divides into three sorts - (1) speech that everyone has a right to (political speech, speech about public affairs); (2) speech that no one has a right to (obscene speech, child porn); and (3) speech that some have a right to but others do not (in the United States, Ginsberg speech, or speech that is "harmful to minors," to which adults have a right but kids do not). Speech-protective regimes, on this view, are those where category (1) speech predominates; speech-repressive regimes are those where categories (2) and (3) prevail. This divide has meaning for speech …


Yesterday's Love Letters Are Today's Best Sellers: Fair Use & The War Among Authors, 18 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L.141 (1999), Sonali R. Kolhatkar Jan 1999

Yesterday's Love Letters Are Today's Best Sellers: Fair Use & The War Among Authors, 18 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L.141 (1999), Sonali R. Kolhatkar

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

This Comment will analyze how courts should interpret the four statutory factors in determining a fair use defense for once private documents, such as love letters, and how the courts need to add First Amendment and public policy concerns in deciding whether to allow the fair use. First, this Comment addresses the current definition of the fair use doctrine and its impact on unpublished works. This Comment will also address the need to create a new fair use defense test to include the First Amendment concerns of secondary authors who cannot create their works without the copyrighted information. Secondly, this …


Cable Tv Users Taxes: A First Amendment Challenge, 8 Computer L.J. 257 (1988), Carlos Victor Yguico Jan 1998

Cable Tv Users Taxes: A First Amendment Challenge, 8 Computer L.J. 257 (1988), Carlos Victor Yguico

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

No abstract provided.


Free Speech On The Information Superhighway: European Perspectives, 16 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 905 (1998), Caroline Uyttendaele, Joseph Dumortier Jan 1998

Free Speech On The Information Superhighway: European Perspectives, 16 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 905 (1998), Caroline Uyttendaele, Joseph Dumortier

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

This article focuses on the need for free speech legislation on the information superhighway. Two issues are addressed in this article. First, whether additional measures are needed for protecting free speech on the Internet. Second, whether the existing restrictions on free speech are relevant. The information superhighway in the United States is referred as a growing economic interest in information. In contract, the emphasis in Europe lies more on the "information society." In both instances, the government recognizes that the Internet has become a powerful medium of expression. Additionally, the Internet is a true testing ground for regulating the information …


Commercial Speech On The Internet: Spain And The First Amendment, Joshua A. Marcus Jan 1998

Commercial Speech On The Internet: Spain And The First Amendment, Joshua A. Marcus

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.


The Best Of Both Worlds: Financing Software Filters For The Classroom And Avoiding First Amendment Liability, 16 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 659 (1998), Peter G. Drever Iii Jan 1997

The Best Of Both Worlds: Financing Software Filters For The Classroom And Avoiding First Amendment Liability, 16 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 659 (1998), Peter G. Drever Iii

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

As the Internet expands, educational institutions have become interested in the medium for the purpose of expanding learning opportunities. Information that may be objectionable to some members of the community, however, would then be available to children in schools with Internet access. Attempts to regulate the content of the Internet have yet to pass a First Amendment challenge. Concern over what children will be exposed to when the Internet is introduced in the classroom is currently being addressed by educators and legislators alike. The Communications Decency Act was the first to attempt to address the issue of Internet access in …


Cryptography And The First Amendment: The Right To Be Unheard, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 325 (1996), Phillip E. Reiman Jan 1996

Cryptography And The First Amendment: The Right To Be Unheard, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 325 (1996), Phillip E. Reiman

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

The author proposes that current technology has made cryptography an important element in maintaining a society's right to free speech. Cryptography is the process of using secret codes to protect information. This protection increases society's privacy because cryptographers can limit the amount of information that is seen by others. The world is becoming a place where there is virtually no privacy. Everyone is open to surveillance through the Internet, use of a credit card or being filmed on a security camera. Cryptography is a means in which a person can protect his privacy. Through this protection, the author states that …


Don't Shoot The Messenger: Protecting Speech On Editorially Controlled Bulletin Board Services By Applying Sullivan Malice, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 347 (1996), Iris Ferosie Jan 1996

Don't Shoot The Messenger: Protecting Speech On Editorially Controlled Bulletin Board Services By Applying Sullivan Malice, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 347 (1996), Iris Ferosie

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

Courts must determine the standard of liability for Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that proactively edit their Bulletin Board Systems (BBSs) for defamatory content. ISPs are computer services that provide data processing and communication services to customers - individual computer users who subscribe to the ISP's service. BBSs are computer programs that act like a traditional bulletin board. They are centrally located on the ISP's computers, and people who subscribe to the ISP can access that bulletin board to publish (or "post") messages on the board, and read and respond to other people's messages. Some ISPs allow people to post messages …


The Constitutionality Of Congressional Efforts To Ban Computer-Generated Child Pornography: A First Amendment Assessment Of S. 1237, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 483 (1996), Ronald W. Adelman Jan 1996

The Constitutionality Of Congressional Efforts To Ban Computer-Generated Child Pornography: A First Amendment Assessment Of S. 1237, 14 J. Marshall J. Computer & Info. L. 483 (1996), Ronald W. Adelman

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

This article addressed the constitutionality of the Child Pornography Prevention Act of 1995 (Hatch Bill) in regard to computer-generated child pornography. The Bill outlaws a visual depiction that is or appears to be of a minor engaging in sexually explicit conduct. The author claims the comments of David B. Johnson and John C. Scheller regarding the constitutionality of the Bill are analytically flawed because they focus on dicta from New York v. Ferber and Osborne v. Ohio. The author then engages in his own assessment of the Bill using a First Amendment approach and suggests what findings Congress should make …


Application Of U.S. Supreme Court Doctrine To Anonymity In The Networld, George H. Carr Jan 1996

Application Of U.S. Supreme Court Doctrine To Anonymity In The Networld, George H. Carr

Cleveland State Law Review

There are still many issues to be resolved about the Internet's unique status as a media technology and its legal status under current law. Debate over the propriety, necessity, and legality of anonymous speech has been protracted and pervasive. Indeed, this debate has extended to all corners of the Internet. The main source material for this Note is the recent case of McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Comm'n, in which the Supreme Court confirmed its continuing commitment to preservation of the right to free speech, and interpreted the First Amendment to protect much anonymous speech. This Note will quantify how the …


Computer Networks, Libel And The First Amendment, 11 Computer L.J. 555 (1992), Terri A. Cutrera Jan 1992

Computer Networks, Libel And The First Amendment, 11 Computer L.J. 555 (1992), Terri A. Cutrera

UIC John Marshall Journal of Information Technology & Privacy Law

No abstract provided.


The Author In Copyright: Notes For The Literary Critic, Monroe E. Price, Malla Pollack Jan 1992

The Author In Copyright: Notes For The Literary Critic, Monroe E. Price, Malla Pollack

Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal

No abstract provided.