Family Law Commons^™

The Rights Of Adolescents, Robert Batey

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Federal Habeas Corpus Jurisdiction - Child Custody - State Procedures Terminating Parental Rights, Dru Hanna Schoenborn

Duquesne Law Review

The United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit has held that federal habeas corpus is not available to challenge the constitutionality of Pennsylvania's parental rights termination statute.

Lehman v. Lycoming County Children's Services Agency, 648 F.2d 135 (3d Cir.), cert. granted, 102 S. Ct. 89 (1981) (No. 80-2177).

I.R.C. Section 71: Breaking Up Is Hard To Do, John A. Lynch Jr.

Duquesne Law Review

The author believes that applying the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code governing the tax treatment of payments made incident to separation and divorce has become complicated and unpredictable. In this article, Professor Lynch examines how I.R.C. sections 71 and 215 have developed, given congressional intent, with respect to the definition of an obligation of support, the differentiation between a support obligation and a property interest, and the periodic payment requirement. He concludes with suggestions aimed at simplifying the law with respect to these payments.

Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act In North Carolina, Sharon K. Allen

Campbell Law Review

This comment will examine the changes in North Carolina's judicial approach to custodial disputes since the adoption of the UCCJA, the effect of the Act in North Carolina and the problems which still remain to be resolved under the UCCJA.

In Re Custody Of Christy Elizabeth Townsend - Applying The Best Interests Doctrine To Custody Disputes Between A Biological Parent And A Third Party, 15 J. Marshall L. Rev. 213 (1982), Lynn A. Cohen

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

In Re Marriage Of Komnick: The Appreciation Of Nonmarital Property In The Illinois Marital Property Distribution Scheme, 15 J. Marshall L. Rev. 531 (1982), Ruth Miller

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Survey Of Developments In West Virginia Law: 1981

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Community Property After Hisquierdo V. Hisquierdo, Marie Stefanini Newman

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Comment will briefly discuss California's community property system, and the standards traditionally required by the Supreme Court for federal pre-emption of state property law. It will also examine the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Railroad Retirement Act which led the Court to conclude that the Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution and demanded federal pre-emption in this case. It will discuss the Hisquierdo test for federal pre-emption, which the Supreme Court has since used to override state community property systems. Finally, it will evaluate whether the case was correctly decided.

Domestic Violence: Illinois Responds To The Plight Of The Battered Wife - The Illinois Domestic Violence Act, 16 J. Marshall L. Rev. 77 (1982), Mary Lou Boland

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Maryland Custody Law - Fully Committed To The Child's Best Interests?, John W. Ester

Maryland Law Review

No abstract provided.

Protecting Individual Liberties In The Context Of Screening For Child Abuse, Donald N. Duquette

Book Chapters

A central role of the law in our society is to act as buffer between individual citizens and society at large. When personal freedom or liberty is at stake, the law acts as arbiter between individuals and government and allows liberty to be abrogated only after "due process of law." Due process is an attempt to insure fair treatment of all concerned-a quest for fairness. In what follows due process will be discussed further together with some examples of the due process model as applied to the child protection system. Certain risks to personal freedom are inherent in child protection. …

Property Settlements In Divorce Proceedings: Patterson V. Patterson Case, Rita Greene

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Kentucky Law Survey: Domestic Relations, Louise Everett Graham

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

State Marital Property Laws And Federally Created Benefits: A Conflict Of Laws Analysis, Louise Everett Graham

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

The laws of individual states have historically controlled familial relationships and the rights and responsibilities derived from them. The injection of federal rights into the domestic relations area has generally been confined to resolution of claims that the application of particular state laws violated either due process or equal protection rights of particular persons. In a limited number of cases concerning marital property, however, one party has relied upon a federal law creating a benefit or right that conflicts with the state-created rule apportioning marital property or establishing a support obligation. Such a conflict of laws problem arose in McCarty …

Standard Of Proof In Proceedings To Terminate Parental Rights, Dean Michael Rooney

Cleveland State Law Review

This Note advocates the use of the beyond-a-reasonable-doubt standard of proof in proceedings to terminate parental rights permanently. The Note will commence with background considerations such as the authority of the state to terminate parental rights, the rights of the parties involved in a termination proceeding and a discussion of standards of proof. Consideration will also be given to the factors which should have an impact on the standard of proof in permanent termination proceedings. These factors include: the vagueness of termination statutes, the fundamental right of family integrity, the broad discretionary powers of the courts involved, the need for …

Kentucky Law Survey: Domestic Relations, Louise Everett Graham, Janet Jakubowicz

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In the decade since Kentucky's adoption of the Uniform Marriage and Divorce Act (UMDA), appellate domestic relations opinions have focused primarily upon property division and child custody. Recent decisions continue this emphasis but also address problems regarding the marital relationship, spousal maintenance, and child support. This article provides a survey of Kentucky law in the field of domestic relations.

Lassiter V. Department Of Social Services: The Right To Counsel In Parental Termination Proceedings, Eric Buerman

University of Miami Law Review

In Lassiter v. Department of Social Services, the Supreme Court of the United States held that due process mandates only a case-by-case analysis for determining when a court should appoint counsel for an indigent parent in an action to terminate parental rights. The author analyzes Lassiter in relation to the historical development of an indigent's right to counsel in criminal and civil proceedings. The author argues that a case-by-case analysis is unlikely to afford adequate protection for a parent's right to child custody and is also inconsistent with the Supreme Court's previous decisions establishing an absolute right to counsel …

Santosky V. Kramer: Clear And Convincing Evidence In Actions To Terminate Parental Rights, Robert A. Wainger

University of Miami Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act And The Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act: Dual Response To Interstate Child Custody Problems

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Foreign Migratory Divorces: A Reappraisal, Peter N. Swisher

Law Faculty Publications

The purpose of this Article is to review and reappraise the important legal principles involved in foreign country migratory divorces; to discuss the various public policy rationales behind them; and to suggest possible remedies to alleviate much of this ambiguity and confusion.

In undertaking this evaluation, the author is mindful of dual responsibilities-that divorce law in this area should be predictable and uniform in order to maintain the authority of legal precedent; but at the same time it must attempt to approximate, as closely as possible, the clearly demonstrated needs of society.

Termination Of Indigents' Parental Rights After Lassiter:Ignoring Complexity And Protecting The Best Interests Of Psychological Parents, Roy M. Sobelson

University of Richmond Law Review

Of all the civil remedies a state may utilize against its citizens, perhaps the most severe is the termination of one's parental rights. Having been described as a "tearing of the flesh," it clearly represents one of our system's most egregious infringements on the fundamental rights associated with the raising of one's family. While little uniformity exists among the states in terms of grounds for termination, procedures, courts utilized, terminology, and standards of proof required at trial or on appeal, all states have some form of termination remedy available. Most terminations, whether made in conjunction with prospective adoptions or independent …

Modification Of An Out Of State Child Custody Decree Under The Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act And The Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act, Arlin F. Ruby

University of Richmond Law Review

Jurisdiction of child custody matters in Virginia is affected by both the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act (UCCJA) as adopted in Virginia and the federally enacted Parental Kidnapping Prevention Act of 1980 (PKPA). This article analyzes the jurisdictional requirements under both Acts, discusses the interrelationship between the two and suggests a five step analysis by which a Virginia court may determine its jurisdiction in light of this authority.

Doe V. Doe: Destroying The Presumption That Homosexual Parents Are Unfit- The New Burden Of Proof, Gary L. Caldwell

University of Richmond Law Review

In a recent decision concerning adoption, the Virginia Supreme Court declined "to hold that every lesbian mother or homosexual father is per se an unfit parent." This finding was apparently at odds with Virginia statutes outlawing marriages between members of the same sex and making it a criminal offense to engage in a homosexual relationship. In rejecting the trial court's use of a conclusive legal presumption that homosexuality is tantamount to a parent's unfitness, the justices closely examined the effects of the appellant's lesbianism upon her son to "determine whether the consequences of harm to the child of allowing the …

Virginia Laws Affecting Churches - Restated, J. Rodney Johnson

University of Richmond Law Review

Twenty-five years ago, the late William T. Muse, then Dean of the University of Richmond School of Law, observed that although there was considerable law in Virginia relating to churches this law was widely scattered throughout the statutes and the cases. To remedy this state of affairs, Dean Muse wrote a concise but complete summary of these laws. In the quarter-century that has elapsed since Dean Muse's article was published, Virginia has adopted a new constitution, many church-related statutes have been enacted and a number of church-related cases have been decided, some of which have refined established principles and others …

The Rights Of A Mexican Concubine Under Arizona Workmen's Compensation Law, John Flood

Articles by Maurer Faculty

The case of Fidel Ochoa Urquijo (deceased), Rosa Elda Velasquez (alleged widow) et al. v. Reidhead Enterprises and State Compensation Fund, decided by the Industrial Commission of Arizona in 1981, considers whether a woman, recognized as a surviving concubine under the laws of the Republic of Mexico, is entitled to widow's benefits under the Workmen's Compensation Act of the State of Arizona (the Arizona Act) upon the death of her Mexican national "husband, " when that death arose out of and in the course of his legal employment with an Arizona employer. Under Mexican law, a surviving concubine of an …

Surrogate Mother Agreements: Contemporary Legal Aspects Of A Biblical Notion, Margaret D. Townsend

University of Richmond Law Review

After centuries of silence, modern man again harkens the voice of Sa-ah. With the decline in the number of children available for adoption and the apparent rise in infertility in this country over the past three decades, individuals unable to bear children are seeking alternative methods for becoming parents. Surrogate motherhood is one solution to the age old problem of childless families. A surrogate mother is a woman, married or unmarried, who agrees to have a child for a person who is incapable of giving birth. While the more common utilization of a surrogate occurs in situations where the wife …

Babies Behind Bars: Should Incarcerated Mothers Be Allowed To Keep Their Newborns With Them In Prison?, Donna L. Brodie

University of Richmond Law Review

Society's traditional approach to women offenders has been focused on "women as prisoners and not.., prisoners as women." Harsh implications for female offenders who are mothers can result from the view that incarceration not only curtails the prisoner's freedom of movement but also terminates many of the individual's civil rights as well. In reality, these women are doubly penalized with a prison sentence as well as temporary or permanent loss of their parental rights. Modern courts are beginning to recognize that "[a] prisoner retains all of the rights of an ordinary citizen except those expressly, or by necessary implication, taken …

Books Received, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

International Regulation of Internal Resources By Mahnoush H. Arsanjani Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia,1981. Pp. 558. $37.50.

ANTITRUST AND AMERICAN BUSINESS ABROAD By James R. Atwood and Kingman Brewster, 2nd ed. Colorado Springs: Shepard's/Mc-Graw-Hill, 1981. Pp. 359 and 355.

FAMILY VIOLENCE: AN INTERNATIONAL AND INTERDISCIPLINARY STUDY By John M. Eekelar and Sanford N. Katz Toronto: Butterworth's, 1978. Pp. 572.

THE ARAB STATES AND THE PALESTINE CONFLICT By Barry Rubin Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1981. Pp. 298. $22.00.

THE KURDISH QUESTION IN IRAQ By Edmund Ghareeb Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1981. Pp. 223. $22.00.

THE CAMBRIDGE LECTURES Edited by Derek Mendes …

Children: An Analysis Of Cases Decided Pursuant To The Indian Child Welfare Act Of 1978, Therese Buthod

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.

Deelche V. Jacobsen: Recovering From Community Property For A Separate Tort Judgment, Joseph R. Mcfaul

Seattle University Law Review

This note critically analyzes deElche against the historical background of community property statutes and evaluates its effect on previous case law that subverted community property principles, resulting in injustice to either the victim or the tortfeasor’s spouse. While deElche does not explicitly overrule these cases, it casts doubt on their current vitality. This note also responds to the dissent’s criticisms, and discusses the scope of the deElche decision.