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Articles 91 - 120 of 136
Full-Text Articles in Family Law
Legal Strategies To Address Child Support Obligations For Nonresident Fathers In The Child Welfare System, Daniel L. Hatcher
Legal Strategies To Address Child Support Obligations For Nonresident Fathers In The Child Welfare System, Daniel L. Hatcher
All Faculty Scholarship
The legal and practical issues surrounding child support obligations have enormous impact on families in the child welfare system. Unfortunately, these issues are often ignored, overlooked, or misunderstood. A much-needed effort to engage nonresident fathers in the child welfare system is underway, but those efforts will often be derailed if child support is not properly addressed. This article sheds light on the legal and policy concerns regarding child support enforcement in child protection cases and provides legal strategies for advocates to address those concerns. While primarily aimed at advocates for nonresident fathers, this article should also benefit advocates for custodial …
Who Is A Parent?, Michelle M. Botek, Dorothy R. Fait, Jillian L. Dilaura
Who Is A Parent?, Michelle M. Botek, Dorothy R. Fait, Jillian L. Dilaura
Articles by Maurer Faculty
No abstract provided.
Potato, Potahto: Whether Ineffective Assistance Or Due Process, An Effective Rule Is Overdue In Termination Of Parental Rights Cases In Florida, Anthony C. Musto
Potato, Potahto: Whether Ineffective Assistance Or Due Process, An Effective Rule Is Overdue In Termination Of Parental Rights Cases In Florida, Anthony C. Musto
St. Thomas Law Review
Pat X., a Florida resident, is a good father who loves, provides for, and takes care of his child. So, he is stunned one day when his child is removed from him and a petition for termination of his parental rights is filed. The petition alleges that Pat, who has never had any problems with the law, was convicted of first degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment. It seeks termination on the basis that Pat will be incarcerated for a substantial portion of his child's remaining minority.' Pat's lawyer investigates the matter. The lawyer speaks with the prosecutor who …
Finding A Reasonable Way To Enforce The Reasonable Efforts Requirement In Child Protection Cases, Jeanne M. Kaiser
Finding A Reasonable Way To Enforce The Reasonable Efforts Requirement In Child Protection Cases, Jeanne M. Kaiser
Faculty Scholarship
Under federal law, state child protection agencies are required to exert "reasonable efforts" to reunite abused and neglected children with their parents before seeking to terminate parental rights and free the children for adoption. The scope of this requirement is undefined in federal statutes and in the statutory law of many states. As a result, it has fallen to appellate courts to determine the degree of effort a state agency must exert before the relationship between a parent and a child is severed. This has proven no easy task. By the time a parental termination case has reached an appellate …
Rights And Realities, Laura A. Rosenbury
Rights And Realities, Laura A. Rosenbury
UF Law Faculty Publications
The author responds to Melissa Murray's article, The Networked Family: Reframing the Legal Understanding of Caregiving and Caregivers, 94 Va. L. Rev. 385 (2008).
What Yoder Wrought: Religious Disparagement, Parental Alienation And The Best Interests Of The Child, Jeffrey Shulman
What Yoder Wrought: Religious Disparagement, Parental Alienation And The Best Interests Of The Child, Jeffrey Shulman
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Despite its grounding in a specific and peculiar set of facts, the strict scrutiny mandate of Wisconsin v. Yoder (decided in 1972) has changed the constitutional landscape of custody cases - - and it has done so in a way that is unsound both as a matter of law and policy. Following Yoder, most courts require a showing of harm to the child, or a substantial threat of harm to the child, before placing any restrictions on exposure to a parent’s religious beliefs and practices. This harm standard leaves children in an untenable position when parents compete for “spiritual custody,” …
What The Erie Surrogate Triplets Can Teach State Legislatures About The Need To Enact Article 8 Of The Uniform Parentage Act (2000) , Robert E. Rains
What The Erie Surrogate Triplets Can Teach State Legislatures About The Need To Enact Article 8 Of The Uniform Parentage Act (2000) , Robert E. Rains
Cleveland State Law Review
This Article will explain the protracted legal battles over the "surrogate triplets" and explore potential legislation designed to avoid such battles in the future. While reasonable minds could certainly differ as to the wisdom of the legislative scheme proposed in Article 8 of the UPA (2000), or as to some of its details, surely it would be a vast improvement over the current situation in which most state legislatures have failed to address surrogacy through statutes and those that have done so have failed to act in a uniform manner. As the Erie triplets case amply demonstrates, the state courts …
Parents As Hubs, Clare Huntington
Parents As Hubs, Clare Huntington
Faculty Scholarship
In her provocative article The Networked Family: Reframing the Legal Understanding of Caregiving and Caregivers, Professor Melissa Murray offers a much-needed corrective to the view that families are “autonomous islands” and argues that the law should recognize the networks of care provided by nonparental caregivers.I wholeheartedly agree with Professor Murray that the law should support families in providing care. I am also deeply sympathetic to the claim that family law is overly reliant on binary opposites — here, the mutually exclusive categories of parent and legal stranger — that do not capture the complex reality of family life. And …
Multiple Parents/Multiple Fathers, Nancy E. Dowd
Multiple Parents/Multiple Fathers, Nancy E. Dowd
UF Law Faculty Publications
Multiple parents, especially multiple fathers, are a social reality but not a legal category. The assumption that every child has, or should have, two, but only two, parents remains a core operating assumption of family law. Yet at the same time, our knowledge of the existence of multiple fathers, whether birthfathers, stepfathers, psychological fathers or other categories, has found some reflection in cases that have granted some relational rights to fathers who do not fill the single place allotted for "legal father." In this Article, Professor Dowd proposes that it is time to think not if, but how, to recognize …
The Road Goes On Forever And The Party Never Ends': A Response To Judge Tacoma's Prescription For A Return To Foster Care 'Limbo' And 'Drift', Frank E. Vandervort
The Road Goes On Forever And The Party Never Ends': A Response To Judge Tacoma's Prescription For A Return To Foster Care 'Limbo' And 'Drift', Frank E. Vandervort
Articles
This article responds to Judge Tacoma’s suggested changes in Michigan law. It begins with a very brief history of child welfare legislation at the federal and state levels. Next, it points out a number of errors in Judge Tacoma’s understanding of the current state of Michigan’s child welfare law.2 It is necessary to point out these errors because it seems that his misstatements of the law form the foundation for his recommended reforms. Then it will respond point-by-point to many of Judge Tacoma’s recommendations. Finally, I will off er several suggestions for addressing the problem of legal orphans that do …
Some Reflections About Three Decades Of Working With Incarcerated Mothers, Philip Genty
Some Reflections About Three Decades Of Working With Incarcerated Mothers, Philip Genty
Faculty Scholarship
Almost thirty years ago I was a second-year student in a law school clinic. I was making my first legal visit to a prison. My client, whom I will call "Dina," was meeting me to talk about some visitation issues with her young son. When she came into the visiting room she was poised and professional in demeanor. She began to explain that her son was being cared for by his paternal grandmother. The grandmother was unwilling to bring him to the prison to see her. As a result Dina had not seen her son for several months. Suddenly, and …
Introducing The Construct Of The Jury Into Family Violence Proceedings And Family Court Jurisprudence, Melissa L. Breger
Introducing The Construct Of The Jury Into Family Violence Proceedings And Family Court Jurisprudence, Melissa L. Breger
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
This Article draws upon both the theory of and research on procedural justice holding that litigants often focus on the appearance of fairness rather than on the actual outcome. Thus, when litigants are able to choose the modality of fact-finding, they may be more accepting of the legal process, even if the outcome is not favorable to them. Allowing the option of a jury, even if not exercised, may dramatically improve the perceptions of litigants and may affect the legitimacy and longevity of case outcomes.
The Rights Of Putative Fathers To Their Infant Children In Contested Adoptions: Strengthening State Laws That Currently Deny Adequate Protection, Robbin Pott Gonzalez
The Rights Of Putative Fathers To Their Infant Children In Contested Adoptions: Strengthening State Laws That Currently Deny Adequate Protection, Robbin Pott Gonzalez
Michigan Journal of Gender & Law
This paper argues that states need to strengthen protection of putative fathers' rights to their infant children when the mother wishes for the child to be adopted. Part I frames the discussion around established parental rights through constitutional case law. To do this, the paper addresses both the Supreme Court's parental rights doctrine and its biology-plus doctrine, which requires unwed fathers to show that in addition to being the biological father they also have taken responsibility for their children. Part II describes common state statutes that affect putative fathers, including putative father registries, safe haven laws, and laws granting custody …
Addressing Putative Fathers In Child Protection Proceedings: Is 'John Doe' Still Alive?, Frank E. Vandervort, W. Lansat
Addressing Putative Fathers In Child Protection Proceedings: Is 'John Doe' Still Alive?, Frank E. Vandervort, W. Lansat
Articles
In practice, it seems, KH is not widely understood. Child protection petitions for temporary custody continue to name multiple men as the "father" of a child when there is a legal father. Some courts insist on terminating the parental rights of "John Doe" when no man has established paternity. After KH, are such actions necessary? Are they permissible?
How Parents And Children Disappear In Our Courts - And Why It Need Not Ever Happen Again, James A. Cosby
How Parents And Children Disappear In Our Courts - And Why It Need Not Ever Happen Again, James A. Cosby
Cleveland State Law Review
Part One of this Article further examines those moral, factual and legal dynamics in the family that make these cases so difficult. Part Two summarizes the present state of the law, and demonstrates precisely where and why the current legal approach is falling short. I will show how the law specifically fails to adequately define the rights of parents, substantively as well as procedurally and, I will furthermore demonstrate how, in their current forms, the doctrines of parental autonomy and the best interests of the child are far too broad and too rigid for many cases involving the parent-child relationship. …
Federal Child Welfare Law And Policy: Understanding The Federal Law And Funding Process., Miriam Rollin, Frank Vandervort, Ann M. Haralambie
Federal Child Welfare Law And Policy: Understanding The Federal Law And Funding Process., Miriam Rollin, Frank Vandervort, Ann M. Haralambie
Book Chapters
This chapter provides an overview of federal and uniform statutes that impact the practice of child welfare law.
Justice Miriam Shearing: Nevada's Trailblazing Minimalist, Mary E. Berkheiser
Justice Miriam Shearing: Nevada's Trailblazing Minimalist, Mary E. Berkheiser
Scholarly Works
Nevada Supreme Court Justice Miriam Shearing retired at the end of her second term on January 4, 2005. Over the nearly thirty years of her very public life on the bench, many have written of her accomplishments as the firs woman to enter the brotherhood of the Nevada judiciary. With Justice Sharing’s retirement, the time is ripe for an examination of her judicial decisions during the twelve years she served on the Nevada Supreme Court. The analysis here provides one perspective on her body of work. It begins, as it must, with a glimpse into the person behind the work.
The Ultimate Best Interest Of The Child Enures From Parental Reinforcement: The Journey To Family Integrity, John C. Duncan Jr.
The Ultimate Best Interest Of The Child Enures From Parental Reinforcement: The Journey To Family Integrity, John C. Duncan Jr.
Journal Publications
Most Americans agree that we are in the midst of a dangerous decline in moral and religious values that threatens the very foundation of our society. The facts are clear: marriage as a social institution is threatened and child well-being is affected. Part II of this Article traces the best interest of the child doctrine. Part III examines what the legally recognized rights of parents have been in the past and shows how those rights have been threatened or altogether eradicated in the best interest of the child. Part IV evaluates the opposing positions of both parental rights advocates …
Does Parental Autonomy Require Equal Custody At Divorce?, Margaret F. Brinig
Does Parental Autonomy Require Equal Custody At Divorce?, Margaret F. Brinig
Journal Articles
This paper considers the affect of amendments to state divorce laws that strengthen their joint custody preference. It does so in the context of suits by noncustodial parents challenging substantive custody standards not requiring equal custody at divorce. The complaint is that most custody laws, by using a best interests standard rather than equally dividing custodial time, violate substantive due process. Further, two states, Iowa and Maine, have recently amended their custody legislation to strongly presume joint physical custody.
After setting out the constitutional problem and describing the legislation in some detail, this paper tests the effects of the change …
When One Parent Goes And The Other Parent Stays: The Inconsistency And Inequity Of Guaranteeing Absent Parents Permanent Parental Rights, Wendee M. Hilderbrand
When One Parent Goes And The Other Parent Stays: The Inconsistency And Inequity Of Guaranteeing Absent Parents Permanent Parental Rights, Wendee M. Hilderbrand
Vanderbilt Law Review
It is well settled that the right to make decisions concerning the upbringing of one's children is a fundamental right deserving the utmost constitutional protection from unreasonable state interference. It has also become increasingly well settled over the past twenty-five years that this right is not automatically and permanently guaranteed by biology. Rather, parental stature encompasses both "rights and responsibilities," and the rights are only guaranteed to a parent who has assumed parental responsibilities. Why then is a responsible custodial parent subject to state interference with his or her parental decisions in the interest of guaranteeing an absent parent, who …
What's Wrong With A Parenthood Market? A New And Improved Theory Of Commodification, Martha M. Ertman
What's Wrong With A Parenthood Market? A New And Improved Theory Of Commodification, Martha M. Ertman
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Is Twenty-Two Months Beyond The Best Interest Of The Child? Asfa's Guidelines For The Termination Of Parental Rights, Katherine A. Hort
Is Twenty-Two Months Beyond The Best Interest Of The Child? Asfa's Guidelines For The Termination Of Parental Rights, Katherine A. Hort
Fordham Urban Law Journal
This Note first discusses the legal precedents, child development theories, and policies regarding "reasonable efforts" and parental termination that led to the enactment of ASFA. Next, it examines Illinois's and New York's different responses to ASFA. It also introduces the debate over "congregate care" as an alternative for those children who may never be returned to a parent's care, but whom are unlikely to be adopted. Lastly, it argues that the New York system is more workable than the Illinois system given the complexities of the foster care system. This Note concludes by arguing the federal government's rigid time frame …
Abortions Of The Parental Prerogatives Of Unwed Natural Fathers: Deterring Lost Paternity, Jeffrey A. Parness
Abortions Of The Parental Prerogatives Of Unwed Natural Fathers: Deterring Lost Paternity, Jeffrey A. Parness
Oklahoma Law Review
No abstract provided.
A Little Privacy, Please: Should We Punish Parents For Teenage Sex?, Susan S. Kuo
A Little Privacy, Please: Should We Punish Parents For Teenage Sex?, Susan S. Kuo
Kentucky Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Parental Rights And The Ugly Duckling, Margaret F. Brinig, F. H. Buckley
Parental Rights And The Ugly Duckling, Margaret F. Brinig, F. H. Buckley
Journal Articles
Hans Christian Andersen's "The Ugly Duckling" is best remembered for its moral, "To be born in a duck's nest, in a farmyard, is of no consequence to a bird, if it is hatched from a swan's egg." Having read and thought about this story many times, we should like to suggest another, less heart-warming, interpretation. The story of the Ugly Duckling, that most resilient of cygnets, masks the tragedy of children who suffer abuse. Its message, that personal spirit will triumph when a child grows up, misrepresents the experience of many victimized children. If we wait for the child to …
Due Process, Court Of Appeals: Chaya S. V. Frederick L.
Due Process, Court Of Appeals: Chaya S. V. Frederick L.
Touro Law Review
No abstract provided.
Step Up Or Step Out: Unwed Fathers' Parental Rights Post-Doe And E. A. W., John E. Fennelly
Step Up Or Step Out: Unwed Fathers' Parental Rights Post-Doe And E. A. W., John E. Fennelly
St. Thomas Law Review
The issue of parental rights for unwed fathers continues to generate confusion and controversy. The United States Supreme Court, following an initial period of expansion, has reduced its constitutional oversight of state domestic relations law. This reduction has produced a dynamic redefinition of the parental rights of unwed fathers. Uncertainties, as reflected in recent Florida appellate decisions, remain. This Article will first trace the initial expansion and contraction of federal oversight into the area of parental rights. The Article will then explore the redefinition of these rights as developed by several state jurisdictions. Next, recent Florida developments that demonstrate that …
Give Them A Sword: Representing Parents In Child Custody Cases, William Tabac
Give Them A Sword: Representing Parents In Child Custody Cases, William Tabac
Law Faculty Articles and Essays
First, this Essay demonstrates that, because the "best interests" standard that states use in awarding custody between parents is so arbitrary, lawyers cannot effectively protect the parental rights of their clients. Next, this Essay contends that, because fit parents will do anything to preserve their bond with their children, the state not only expects them to commit perjury to protect their parental rights, but encourages them to do so. Finally, this Essay argues that lawyers should lay out all possible strategies to their clients even if doing so invites parents to perjure themselves.
Myths And Moms: Images Of Women And Termination Of Parental Rights, Odeana R. Neal
Myths And Moms: Images Of Women And Termination Of Parental Rights, Odeana R. Neal
All Faculty Scholarship
For most of us, the word "mother" evokes a myriad of often conflicting images and emotions, expectations and disappointments, and gratitude and blame. What a mother is - our own mothers and the class of people who are mothers - means much more than that a woman has given birth. We expect mothers to provide their children with all the love, caring, nurturing, and emotional fulfillment that we perceive those children need and desire; we expect her to be all things that we want her to be when we need her to be them. A woman who can fulfill the …
Parents As Fiduciaries, Elizabeth S. Scott, Robert E. Scott
Parents As Fiduciaries, Elizabeth S. Scott, Robert E. Scott
Faculty Scholarship
Traditionally, the law has deferred to the rights of biological parents in regulating the parent-child relationship. More recently, as the emphasis of legal regulation has shifted to protecting children's interests, critics have targeted the traditional focus on parents' rights as impeding the goal of promoting children's welfare. Some contemporary scholars argue instead for a "child-centered perspective," in contrast to the current regime under which biological parents continue to have important legal interests in their relationship with their children. The underlying assumption of this claim is that the rights of parents and the interests of children often are conflicting, and that …