Estates and Trusts Commons^™

Income Tax Concerns With Purpose Trusts, Thomas Simmons

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

United States V. Osage Wind, Llc, Summer Carmack

Public Land & Resources Law Review

The Osage Nation, as owner of the beneficial interest in its mineral estate, issues federally-approved leases to persons and entities who wish to conduct mineral development on its lands. After an energy-development company, Osage Wind, leased privately-owned surface lands within Tribal reservation boundaries and began to excavate minerals for purposes of constructing a wind farm, the United States brought suit on the Tribe’s behalf. In the ensuing litigation, the Osage Nation insisted that Osage Wind should have obtained a mineral lease from the Tribe before beginning its work. In its decision, the Tenth Circuit applied one of the Indian law …

Wills, Trusts, Guardianships, And Fiduciary Administration, Mary F. Radford

Mercer Law Review

This Article describes selected cases and significant legislation from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017 that pertain to Georgia fiduciary law and estate planning.

Maximizing Ponzi Loss Deductions For Estate And Income Tax Purposes: Are Taxpayers Better Off Dead?, Valrie Chambers, Brian Elzweig

William & Mary Business Law Review

There is a long history of cases interpreting whether a theft loss deduction for securities fraud is allowable for personal income taxes. The cases require that for a theft loss to be actionable as such, it would have to meet the requirements of the common law definition of theft in the U.S. state in which it occurred. This generally requires direct privity between the person claiming the loss and the person who committed the theft. Because most securities transactions are brokered, the direct privity is lost and a theft loss deduction is denied in favor a capital loss. Recently, in …

Wills, Trusts, And Estates, J. William Gray Jr., Katherine E. Ramsey

University of Richmond Law Review

The Supreme Court of Virginia has handed down seven recent

decisions addressing the authority of an agent to change the principal's

estate plan, legal malpractice claims in estate planning,

rights of incapacitated adults, limits of the constructive trust doctrine,

effects of a reversionary clause in a deed, ownership of an

engagement ring, and proof of undue influence. The 2017 Virginia

General Assembly clarified rules on legal malpractice and tenancies

by the entireties, adopted the Uniform Trust Decanting Act

and the Uniform Fiduciary Access to Digital Assets Act, and expanded

provisions governing estate administration, life insurance,

and advance medical directives. Other …

Introducing Virtual Representation, Thomas Simmons

Faculty Publications

The general rule that a person cannot be bound by an agreement or decree unless she received notice encounters practical difficulties where a person is missing, incompetent, a minor, unascertained, or even unborn. All beneficiaries are necessary parties in a trust proceeding. But short of appointing a guardian ad litem to represent persons who are difficult to notice, uncertainty and inefficiencies would be encountered were it not for the doctrine of virtual representation. Under the doctrine of virtual representation, persons - even if not yet in existence - can be held to be parties to a proceeding or an agreement …

Raising The Dead: An Examination Of In Re Kingsbury And Maine's Law Regarding Intestate Succession And Posthumous Paternity Testing, Dylan R. Boyd

Maine Law Review

In 2001, Ben Erskine, a man who claimed to be the son of renowned guru Paramahansa Yogananda, planned to ask a Los Angeles judge to order that the guru's body be exhumed for DNA testing to determine Erskine's paternity. Erskine's allegations threatened both Yogananda's reputation and the fortune of his estate, which belonged to his organization the Self Realization Fellowship. In 2002, seven years after the allegations arose, conclusive tests comparing Erskine's DNA and that of Yogananda's surviving male relatives in India resolved the controversy and vindicated the guru, thus putting to rest the looming possibility of exhuming his body …

Fiduciary Obligations In Business And Investment: Implications Of Climate Change, Janis P. Sarra

All Faculty Publications

Fiduciary obligation, under both corporate law and the common law, requires directors and officers to identify and address climate-related financial and other risks. In fulfilling their obligations to act in the best interests of the company, directors and officers must directly engage with developments in knowledge regarding physical and transition risks related to climate change and how these risks may impact their corporation. Depending on the firm’s economic activities, the risk may be minor or highly significant, but directors and officers have an obligation to make the inquiries, to devise strategies to address risks, and to have an ongoing monitoring …

Please Don’T Make Me Pay Taxes: How New Irs Law Helps Art Collectors Avoid Hefty Taxes, Stephanie Dunn

Journal of the National Association of Administrative Law Judiciary

No abstract provided.

The Potential Impact Of Heir Property On Timber Management In The Southeastern United States, Becky Barlow, Conner Bailey

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Abstract

Active timberland management maintains forest health and productivity, which in turn contributes to the sustainability of the resource and wealth of the landowner. However, when land is held as heir property, options for timberland management are often limited. Heir property is owned as an undivided interest among many heirs of an original owner, or multiple generations of owners, who died intestate. This is common among African American landowners in the South. As a result the title is considered “clouded,” limiting access to capital and resources that are beneficial to timberland management. In this paper, the authors hope to improve …

No Child Left Behind: Extending Ohio's Pretermitted Heir Statute To Revocable Trusts, Danielle J. Halachoff

Akron Law Review

Generally, pretermitted heir statutes protect a child, and under some statutes a more remote descendant of the testator from unintentional disinheritance. Their purpose is to carry out the presumed intent of the decedent to provide for a child inadvertently omitted from the will. Because revocable trusts are regularly used as substitutes for wills, primarily to avoid probate administration, presumptions regarding the intent of a decedent that are applicable to wills should also be applicable to revocable trusts. Additionally, many other problems that arise when disposing of a testator’s property at death may also arise with a settlor’s use of a …

Trust Decanting: A Critical Perspective, Stewart E. Sterk

Cardozo Law Review

The article critically examines the legal and policy implications of decanting, a process allowing trustees to transfer assets into a new trust with modified terms. It argues that while decanting offers flexibility and efficiency in trust administration, its potential for tax avoidance and imposition of external costs on creditors and the public fisc raises significant concerns. The analysis questions whether decanting aligns with the principles of testamentary freedom and the settlor's intent, while also highlighting the need for a balanced approach to mitigate its negative consequences.

Arbitration In Wills And Trusts: From George Washington To An Uncertain Present, Edward F. Sherman

Arbitration Law Review (2009 - Present)

No abstract provided.

Can You Really Have Your Cake And Eat It Too?, Phyllis C. Taite

Other Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Non-Charitable Purpose Trusts: Past, Present, And Future, Richard C. Ausness

Law Faculty Popular Media

This Article focuses on non-charitable purpose trusts and how they enable estate planners to better carry out their clients’ objectives.

Equity And Trusts [2016], Hang Wu Tang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

No abstract provided.

Equity And Trusts [2016], Hang Wu Tang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

No abstract provided.

In Re Davis Family Heritage Trust, 133 Nev. Adv. Op. 26 (May 25, 2017)., Ping Chang

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

No abstract provided.

Klabacka V. Nelson, 133 Nev. Adv. Op. 24 (May 25, 2017), Christopher Kelly

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

The Court determined that (1) family courts have subject matter jurisdiction in divorce proceedings that involve issues otherwise outside the scope of family courts, (2) parol evidence may not be considered to determine party intent to form separate property agreements and self-settled spendthrift trusts where the written agreements are valid and unambiguous, (3) a court order equalizing assets between different spendthrift trusts is improper because the NRS protects against court orders that move assets from trusts and against moves that do not benefit trust beneficiaries, (4) spendthrift trusts may not be reached for payment of personal obligations not known at …

In Re Connell Living Trust, 133 Nev. Adv. Op. 19 (May. 04, 2017), Marco Luna

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

The Nevada Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the district court that found Appellant had breached her fiduciary duty when she withheld assets from entering a trust created for her children, the Respondents. The Court found that the mother had insufficient evidence to raise a genuine issue of material fact that she owned 100% of a trust created by her parents when her children were slated to receive 65% of said trust from their grandparents. The Court affirmed the lower court, ordered the assets be moved to the children's trust, and awarded them attorney's fees.

Advising Family Businesses In The Twenty-First Century: An Introduction To Stage 4 Planning™ Strategies, Scott E. Friedman, Andrea H. Husvar, Eliza P. Friedman

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Asymmetries In The Generation And Transmission Of Wealth, Felix B. Chang

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

This Article assigns a redistributive role to the legal rules of trusts and estates. Unlike business law, trusts and estates has lagged in articulating a comprehensive theory on inequality. Consequently, income inequality is compounded intergenerationally as wealth inequality, with dire consequences for economic productivity and social stability. To move the discourse on wealth inequality, this Article explores the divergent approaches toward inequality in business law and trusts and estates.

Additionally, this Article recasts trusts and estates’ legal rules as wealth transfer mechanisms. Four categories of rules are implicated: (1) rules that interact with the tax system, (2) rules that govern …

Expanding The Slayer Rule In Florida: Why Elder Abuse Should Trigger Disinheritance, Natasa Glisic

Barry Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Method In Fiduciary Law's Mixed Messages, Evan J. Criddle

Popular Media

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Inheritance, Mark Glover

Utah Law Review

The law grants individuals the broad freedom of disposition to decide how their property should be distributed upon death. The rationale underlying freedom of disposition is that the choices of individual donors produce results that maximize social welfare. Policymakers are rightfully skeptical that they can craft a mandatory estate plan that fits all situations or that probate courts can consistently and accurately assess the merits of particular dispositions of property. By contrast, the donor is in the best position to evaluate her own specific circumstances and to place property in the hands of the donees who will benefit the most. …

Liberty In Loyalty: A Republican Theory Of Fiduciary Law, Evan J. Criddle

Faculty Publications

Conventional wisdom holds that the fiduciary duty of loyalty is a prophylactic rule that serves to deter and redress harmful opportunism. This idea can be traced back to the dawn of modern fiduciary law in England and the United States, and it has inspired generations of legal scholars to attempt to explain and justify the duty of loyalty from an economic perspective. Nonetheless, this Article argues that the conventional account of fiduciary loyalty should be abandoned because it does not adequately explain or justify fiduciary law’s core features.

The normative foundations of fiduciary loyalty come into sharper focus when viewed …

Misapplied Trust Funds And Mortgage Loans, Ruo Yu Tan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Where trust monies are used in breach of trust to pay for the deposit for a property, the courts have held that any mortgage loan which was used to fund the purchase does not count as the trustee's contribution to the purchase price for the purpose of determining the trustee's and the beneficiary's respective beneficial ownership in the property. This article considers two issues. First, if trust monies are used only after the trustee has paid for the deposit using his own money, are the loan monies obtained by the trustee under the mortgage still liable to be discounted as …

How Many #Followers Do You Have?: Evaluating The Rise Of Social Media And Issues Concerning In Re Ctli’S Determination That Social Media Accounts Are Property Of The Estate, Patricia A. Leeson

Catholic University Law Review

With the rise of social media use, legal disputes have surfaced with litigants looking to the courts to determine issues of ownership and legal authority. As a matter of first impression, a U.S. Bankruptcy Court in Texas held that a Twitter and Facebook social media account were to be regarded as property of the estate pursuant to Section 541 of the Bankruptcy Code. The court analogized the social media accounts to subscriber lists because they provide valuable access to customers. Although the court addressed the question of whether social media applications are to be regarded as property in bankruptcy proceedings, …

Video: Elder Law For Beginners, Arlene Lakin, Gail Fisher

NSU Law Seminar Series

This particular seminar is designed to educate attorneys about how to be an elder law attorney. Practitioners will learn the various skill sets involved: estate and incapacity planning as well as protection of assets in order to qualify for, or remain qualified for, public benefits such as Medicaid and veteran’s pension with aid and attendance.

1. How to work with senior citizens and their families in a clinical as well as legal format
2. How to determine capacity of elderly clients to execute legal documents
3. How to analyze family relationships
4. How to design an estate and incapacity plan …

In Re Frei Irrevocable Trust, 133 Nev. Adv. Op. 8 (Mar. 2, 2017), Angela Lee

Nevada Supreme Court Summaries

The Nevada Supreme Court adopted the Restatement (Second) of Trusts SS 338 (Am. Law Inst. 1959). It held trusts are modifiable by a settlor and beneficiary as long as any non-consenting beneficiaries' interests are not prejudiced.