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University of Washington School of Law

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Articles 61 - 90 of 102

Full-Text Articles in Estates and Trusts

The English Statute Of Frauds In Washington, John I. Neff Mar 1959

The English Statute Of Frauds In Washington, John I. Neff

Washington Law Review

The English statute of frauds is the law in Washington "so far as it is not inconsistent with the Constitution and laws ... of the state of Washington nor incompatible with the institutions and condition of society in this state, .. ."' This Comment is concerned with the problem of whether the Washington statutes have entirely displaced the English statute in regard to the requirement of a writing and with some of the problems presented by the application of the statutes of frauds in Washington.


Trusts, Fred Bruhn Jul 1958

Trusts, Fred Bruhn

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on resulting trusts—purchase money paid by resulting trustee as loan to beneficiary.


Wills And Probate, William Roetcisoender Jul 1958

Wills And Probate, William Roetcisoender

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on objection to probate of will at time of original application for probate and on executors and administrators—mortgagee's right to a deficiency judgment against other assets of the estate or against the executor.


Probate, Joseph D. Holmes Jr. Jul 1957

Probate, Joseph D. Holmes Jr.

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on parties entitled to appointment as administrators—grounds for disqualification.


Trusts, John A. Hamill, William Fraser Jul 1957

Trusts, John A. Hamill, William Fraser

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on testamentary trusts—violations of the rule against perpetuitities—effect of saving clause (Hamill) and on bank deposits as tentative or "Totten" trusts (Fraser).


Probate, Anon Jun 1956

Probate, Anon

Washington Law Review

Covers two recent cases.


Probate Legislation Enacted By The 1955 Session Of The Washington Legislature, J. Gordon Gose, Joseph W. Hawley Mar 1956

Probate Legislation Enacted By The 1955 Session Of The Washington Legislature, J. Gordon Gose, Joseph W. Hawley

Washington Law Review

The purpose of this survey is to focus attention on changes in the probate law of the state as a result of the 1955 session of the legislature. Five separate Acts amending or adding to the law of probate were adopted. These Acts are chapters 98, 141, 154 and 205 of the Laws of 1955 and chapter 7 of the Laws of 1955 (Extraordinary Session). In the aggregate they embody a substantial number of changes, most of which are simple procedural amendments. A few of the amendments present secondary questions of some difficulty. It is not the purpose of this …


Wills And Estates, W. Roger Johnson May 1955

Wills And Estates, W. Roger Johnson

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on the attestation of wills requiring personal knowledge of the genuineness of the decedent's signature, on the revocation of a will by subsequent marriage where a contingent bequest was held sufficient to nullify the statutory revocation, and on the allegation of revocation by a subsequent marraiage not constituting a will contest.


Trusts, Newman S. Dotson May 1954

Trusts, Newman S. Dotson

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on the claims of children and the divorced wife of beneficiary to support trusts.


Wills And Estates, Gust A. Ledakis May 1954

Wills And Estates, Gust A. Ledakis

Washington Law Review

Covers cases on the impossibility of performance in precedent conditions in the construction of wills, on persons entitled to letters of administration, and on proof of lost or destroyed wills.


Charitable Trust—Termination By Judicial Decree, Eugene A. Greenway Feb 1953

Charitable Trust—Termination By Judicial Decree, Eugene A. Greenway

Washington Law Review

P, as administrator of settlor's estate, brought an action to terminate a trust. Trial court dismissed the action. Held: Reversed. The failure of the trustees to administer the trust according to the provisions of the will and the failure to meet the deadline set by the court in a prior hearing of the same case justified termination of the trust. McLaren v. Schalkenbach Home for Boys, 141 Wash. Dec. 111, 206 P. 2d 345 (1952).


Probate Decrees—Extrinsic Fraud—Personal Notice Of Proceedings, William L. Williams May 1952

Probate Decrees—Extrinsic Fraud—Personal Notice Of Proceedings, William L. Williams

Washington Law Review

D was appointed administratrix of the estate of her husband who died intestate in 1943. Notice of the probate proceedings was given by publication as provided in RCW 11.76.040 [RRS § 1532; PPC § 192-17]. P, a daughter of deceased by a former marriage, was not given personal notice of the probate proceedings, or of the final decree. However, she learned of the death within a few hours, and of the decree of distribution a few months after it was entered. The final decree was entered in 1944, awarding the entire estate to D as sole heir at law. This …


Probate—Administration Of An Estate Under Absentee Statute, James B. Mitchell May 1952

Probate—Administration Of An Estate Under Absentee Statute, James B. Mitchell

Washington Law Review

A bank was appointed guardian of N's estate in 1941, N having been adjudged incompetent. In 1942, N disappeared, and was not heard from for over seven years. P, on behalf of N's heirs, petitioned the probate court for appointment as administrator of N's estate. The appointment was made, and the bank appealed. Held: Reversed. Where there is neither allegation nor evidence sufficient to give the probate court jurisdiction to determine that the missing man is dead, his heirs are relegated to the absentee statutes for provisional distribution. In re Nelson's Estate, 37 Wn. 2d 397, 224 P. 2d 347 …


Trusts—Purchase Money Resulting Trusts Between Parties Living In Meretricious Cohabitation, Ernest M. Murray May 1952

Trusts—Purchase Money Resulting Trusts Between Parties Living In Meretricious Cohabitation, Ernest M. Murray

Washington Law Review

P, separated from his wife, illicitly cohabited with D. P purchased their residence with his separate property, taking title in D's name. D asserted ownership of the property and evicted P. P brought action claiming D held the property as a trustee for P's benefit. The trial court found for D. On appeal, Held: Reversed. Since P advanced all the consideration for the property, a resulting trust is presumed. Walberg v. Mattson, 38 Wn. 2d 808, 232 P. 2d 827 (1951).


Gifts To Minor Children—Guardianships Vs. Inter Vivos Trusts—Is The Kieckhefer Trust The Answer?, Willard J. Wright Feb 1952

Gifts To Minor Children—Guardianships Vs. Inter Vivos Trusts—Is The Kieckhefer Trust The Answer?, Willard J. Wright

Washington Law Review

Much comment has followed the recent decision of the Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit in Kieckhefer v. Commissioner, with some encouragement for persons contemplating gifts in trust for minor children. The spectacular nature of the trust instrument in this case and the outspoken refusal of the Tax Court to accept the type of trust involved, at least for tax purposes, furnishes an occasion to reconsider the relative merits of a trust and a guardianship as a receptacle for gifts for the benefit of minor children. While the donor of gifts to minor children has had a difficult time …


Participation By The Certified Public Accountant In Estate Planning, John G. Larson Aug 1949

Participation By The Certified Public Accountant In Estate Planning, John G. Larson

Washington Law Review

Since estate taxes and administration costs do not weigh heavily on smaller estates, the accountant generally will not be concerned with planning for persons whose estates consist primarily of life insurance or with community estates of husband and wife with a value under $120,000. It would be appropriate, however, even in those cases, to inquire whether wills have been prepared, how recently, the plan of disposition, and whether the insurance program has been co-ordinated with the testamentary disposition. It is desirable that the clients of every accountant be made more conscious of the importance of estate planning.


The Function Of The Corporate Trustee In The Planning Of Estates, Henry H. Judson Aug 1949

The Function Of The Corporate Trustee In The Planning Of Estates, Henry H. Judson

Washington Law Review

With the advent of diversified types of wealth, the increasing complexities of the economic structure, development of legal devices and statutory enactments, changing trends and theories of governmental emphasis on the social fabric through the power of taxation, estate plannmg has become a complex and involved problem, meriting the most careful consideration and best advice obtainable. The basic purpose of any plan for an individual's estate is to provide for the economic settlement of the estate and for its orderly and practical distribution in a manner commensurate with the personal requirements and economic needs of the beneficiaries. There can be …


The Function Of The Lawyer In Estate Planning, Charles I. Stone Aug 1949

The Function Of The Lawyer In Estate Planning, Charles I. Stone

Washington Law Review

Inflation and an unprecedented increase in employment and national income have multiplied the number of individuals having at least a modest net worth and therefore the groundwork for an estate. Our staggering national debt has been accompanied by an expanding and intricate pattern of taxation winch takes increasingly more from an increasingly greater group. From the individual's point of view, the only interruption in this trend has been the Revenue Act of 1948. It is probable, if not certain, that the future will bring greater tax demands. The many who have recently acquired actual or potential estates are finding themselves …


The Role Of The Advanced Life Underwriter In The Field Of Estate Planning, Sanford M. Bernbaum Aug 1949

The Role Of The Advanced Life Underwriter In The Field Of Estate Planning, Sanford M. Bernbaum

Washington Law Review

Estate planning is a continuing process, never completed, always subject to review and change to reflect altered personal, family, legal, or economic circumstances. The estate plan is fluid and affected by many factors, including the daily business and investment operations of the estate owner. Many kinds of specialized knowledge and experience must be utilized in its original formulation and brought to bear upon a periodic review The professional status of the lawyer, certified public accountant, and trust officer of a recognized bank has been established for many years. Each designation carries with it considerable prestige. In recent years another professional …


Estate Plannning And Estate Tax Savings, By Edward N. Polisher (1948) And Estate Planner's Handbook, By Mayo Adams Shattuck (1948), Charles Horowitz Feb 1949

Estate Plannning And Estate Tax Savings, By Edward N. Polisher (1948) And Estate Planner's Handbook, By Mayo Adams Shattuck (1948), Charles Horowitz

Washington Law Review

The volumes under review are written primarily for attorneys dealing in the subject of estate planning. Mr. Polisher's emphasis is on the tax consequences of estate planning, accompanied, however, with numerous practical suggestions on the merits of various substantive provisions in the estate plan, looking to the minimization of tax liabilities. He discusses in readable detail the provisions of the federal estate and gift tax law (with incidental reference to income tax liability) as it affects both common law and community property. However, his discussion of community property in relation to federal taxes is rather brief. Mr. Shattuck's discussion is …


A Practitioner's Guide To Estate Planning In Washington (Part Ii), Charles Horowitz Feb 1948

A Practitioner's Guide To Estate Planning In Washington (Part Ii), Charles Horowitz

Washington Law Review

Part II of this article begins with estate provisions.


In Re Whittier's Estate, John W. Richards Aug 1947

In Re Whittier's Estate, John W. Richards

Washington Law Review

It is related of Daniel Webster that while engaged in argument before the Supreme Court of the United States he was interrupted by the Chief Justice with the comment: "That, Mr. Webster, is not the law." And Daniel Webster replied, in the grand tradition of advocacy which seems to have passed from among us: "It was, sir, until your honor spoke." That observation seems particularly apropos to In re Whittier's Estate, which represents either a startling innovation in the normally placid field of Wills, or an unhappy contretemps from which one turns with embarrassment and the hope that everyone concerned …


A Practitioner's Guide To Estate Planning In Washington [Part 1], Charles Horowitz Aug 1947

A Practitioner's Guide To Estate Planning In Washington [Part 1], Charles Horowitz

Washington Law Review

Estate planning in the broad sense is an individual's planning for the acquisition, conservation, use and distribution of his property. In the more restricted sense of the phrase with which we are here concerned, estate planning is an individual's planning for the most beneficial transfer and transmission of property to estate beneficiaries integrated with planning against unnecessary estate shrinkage. Such planning involves provision for efficient and prudent management, provision for estate liquidity sufficient to prevent unneccessary sacrifice of estate assets, provision for minimizing the costs of administration and management, and provision for minimizing income, gift, inheritance and estate taxation.


Conditional Remainderman—Beware!, Maryhelen Wigle Nov 1941

Conditional Remainderman—Beware!, Maryhelen Wigle

Washington Law Review

If the tax on transfer at death of anticipatory estates levied by the Sovereign State of Washington is imposed upon their inheritance, and is payable by the beneficiary on his future as distinguished from his possessory interest, a legatee or devisee of a conditional remainder may find himself paying handsomely for the mere privilege of having been remembered by the testator in his wilp—a somewhat ephemeral consideration, to put it mildly. The purpose of this article is to examine our Inheritance Tax laws with the object of determining (a) whether the tax is imposed upon the remainderman's legacy, and, if …


The Rule In Shelley's Case In Washington, Harry M. Cross Apr 1940

The Rule In Shelley's Case In Washington, Harry M. Cross

Washington Law Review

As a state grows in age and the accumulations of private capital within its boundaries increase in size and number, problems of future interests in property law become of greater importance. Propertied individuals seek to extend control over their accumulations beyond their deaths, whether wisely or not is here unimportant. Washington is reaching this stage of maturity and its lawyers consequently will be more frequently confronted with the difficulties in creation of future interests. One of the major pitfalls facing the lawyer in this field is the rule in Shelley's Case which by its operation defeats the effort of a …


Exemptions Of Remainder Interests In The Inheritance Tax Statute Of The State Of Washington, Earl K. Nansen Nov 1939

Exemptions Of Remainder Interests In The Inheritance Tax Statute Of The State Of Washington, Earl K. Nansen

Washington Law Review

Three recent cases involving the application of the inheritance tax statute of the State of Washington have raised some problems which should receive immediate attention. The statute provides three different schedules of rates, the schedule applicable to any gift being determined by the relationship of the beneficiary to the deceased. Class A includes any devise, bequest, legacy, gift or beneficial interest to any property or income therefrom which shall pass to or for the use or benefit of any grandfather, grandmother, father, mother, husband, wife, child or stepchild, or any lineal descendant of the deceased. The schedule of rates for …


Is There A Presumption Of Undue Influence Upon The Testator When The Attorney Drawing The Will Is Made A Beneficiary Therein?, Robert Palmer Jan 1935

Is There A Presumption Of Undue Influence Upon The Testator When The Attorney Drawing The Will Is Made A Beneficiary Therein?, Robert Palmer

Washington Law Review

In the recent California case of In re Ersekson's Estate, a will was contested on the ground of undue influence practiced upon the testator by the attorney drawing up the will and who was made one of the residuary legatees thereunder. This case raises the quite common and interesting problem often found in a will contest as to whether a presumption of undue influence exists, placing the burden of proving no such influence on the proponents of the will, when the attorney who draws up the instrument is named as one of the beneficiaries therein It is the purpose of …


Is There A Presumption Of Undue Influence Upon The Testator When The Attorney Drawing The Will Is Made A Beneficiary Therein?, Robert Palmer Jan 1935

Is There A Presumption Of Undue Influence Upon The Testator When The Attorney Drawing The Will Is Made A Beneficiary Therein?, Robert Palmer

Washington Law Review

In the recent California case of In re Ersekson's Estate, a will was contested on the ground of undue influence practiced upon the testator by the attorney drawing up the will and who was made one of the residuary legatees thereunder. This case raises the quite common and interesting problem often found in a will contest as to whether a presumption of undue influence exists, placing the burden of proving no such influence on the proponents of the will, when the attorney who draws up the instrument is named as one of the beneficiaries therein It is the purpose of …


Escheat In Washington, Carl P. Zapp Jun 1934

Escheat In Washington, Carl P. Zapp

Washington Law Review

Since the income of the state is dependent upon the income of the inhabitants, whatever diminishes their income also diminishes that of the state. Thus during times of depression when the people are unemployed and property becomes depreciated in value the income of the state, largely based upon taxation, becomes to that ,extent lessened. Therefore, when the taxes become insufficient, the tendency is to look to other sources of revenue which during prosperous times are often overlooked. One of these sources of revenue is escheat. There have been two recent decisions upon the subject in Washington. In the Allen case …


Distribution Of Extraordinary Dividends Under A Trust, R. W. Maxwell Nov 1932

Distribution Of Extraordinary Dividends Under A Trust, R. W. Maxwell

Washington Law Review

The distribution of extraordinary dividends between the life tenant and the remainderman under a trust created in corporate stock is a problem which has been extremely vexing to the courts with the result that three general rules have been developed. But, regardless of the rule followed, it is universally agreed that the intentions of the testator or trustor should be controlling. The extraordinary dividend is most likely to arise under one of the following circumstances: 1. Where an unusually large dividend is paid out of profits accumulated over a period of years. 2. In cases of total or part liquidation …