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Environmental Law Commons

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1996

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Articles 271 - 300 of 366

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Law

Jurisdiction To Review Agency Inaction Under Federal Environmental Law, Daniel P. Selmi Jan 1996

Jurisdiction To Review Agency Inaction Under Federal Environmental Law, Daniel P. Selmi

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Ifc Legal Department, Model Investment Agreement E&S Provisions, 1996, Ifc Jan 1996

Ifc Legal Department, Model Investment Agreement E&S Provisions, 1996, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.


Preliminary Thoughts On Future Policy Directions For The Management Of Solid And Hazardous Waste, David L. Markell Jan 1996

Preliminary Thoughts On Future Policy Directions For The Management Of Solid And Hazardous Waste, David L. Markell

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.


Lessons From The New York City Watershed Agreement, David L. Markell Jan 1996

Lessons From The New York City Watershed Agreement, David L. Markell

Scholarly Publications

No abstract provided.


Square Pegs And Round Holes: Does Sentencing For Environmental Crimes Fit Within The Guidelines?, Lucia A. Silecchia, Michael J. Malinowski Jan 1996

Square Pegs And Round Holes: Does Sentencing For Environmental Crimes Fit Within The Guidelines?, Lucia A. Silecchia, Michael J. Malinowski

Scholarly Articles

This article presents an overview of the Proposed Guidelines and assesses their potential to improve both the existing sentencing scheme and, more importantly, the environmental behavior of corporate citizens. This analysis concludes that, while the Proposed Guidelines improve current haphazard sentencing practices, it is difficult to predict their efficacy in furthering environmental policy. The fundamental problem is that traditional criminal sanctions are not easily applied to non-traditional offenders committing non-traditional offenses. Rather than expressing optimism about the Proposed Guidelines, this paper suggests that the behavior of corporations could be modified more efficiently through non-criminal incentives coupled with increased criminal prosecution …


Fruits Of The "Impenetrable Jungle": Navigating The Boundary Between Land-Use Planning And Environmental Law, Michael Allan Wolf Jan 1996

Fruits Of The "Impenetrable Jungle": Navigating The Boundary Between Land-Use Planning And Environmental Law, Michael Allan Wolf

Law Faculty Publications

On June 24, 1994, America's local governments, financially strapped and already subject to potential liability in a number of areas, received an unwelcome gift from the United States Supreme Court--Dolan v. City ofTigard. For the third time in seven years, the Justices ended their term by releasing an opinion further extending the reach of the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause. This decision was a cause for celebration in the ranks of private property champions and consternation among Court critics who perceive a return to the bad old days of substantive due process, the Court's second-guessing of government decisionmaking, this time …


A Matter Of Trust: Federal Environmental Responsibilities To Native Americans Under Customary International Law, Karyn I. Wendelowski Jan 1996

A Matter Of Trust: Federal Environmental Responsibilities To Native Americans Under Customary International Law, Karyn I. Wendelowski

American Indian Law Review

No abstract provided.


Snake River Salmon And The National Forests: The Struggle For Habitat Conservation, Resource Development, And Ecosystem Management In The Pacific Northwest, Murray D. Feldman Jan 1996

Snake River Salmon And The National Forests: The Struggle For Habitat Conservation, Resource Development, And Ecosystem Management In The Pacific Northwest, Murray D. Feldman

UC Law Environmental Journal

No abstract provided.


Screening Water Diversions For Fish Protection: A Survey Of Policy, Practices, And Compliance In The Pacific Northwest, James D. Crammond Jan 1996

Screening Water Diversions For Fish Protection: A Survey Of Policy, Practices, And Compliance In The Pacific Northwest, James D. Crammond

Animal Law Review

Unscreened surface water diversions damage and kill young fish. The decline of anadromous fish stocks in the Columbia Basin puts a premium on protection of juvenile salmon. State laws require screens on surface water diversions, but compliance has been poor. The Endangered Species Act and the Northwest Power Act have motivated and funded a massive remedial screening effort since 1991. Effective screens, installed with ratepayer and taxpayer funds, have dramatically improved fish protection at diversions. However, many harmful diversions remain. This paper concludes that, although progress has been swift, full compliance in 1996 is problematic. Greater incentives and enforcement are …


Between The Flood And The Rainbow: Our Covenant To Protect The Whole Of Creation, Bruce Babbitt Jan 1996

Between The Flood And The Rainbow: Our Covenant To Protect The Whole Of Creation, Bruce Babbitt

Animal Law Review

As Congress weighs the interests of landowners against the environment, the future of the Endangered Species Act may be in peril. Secretary Babbitt discusses the success of our environmental laws and urges recognition of the moral, ethical, and religious values underlying the Endangered Species Act. These values manifest themselves in a wolf's green eyes, a sacred blue mountain, the words from Genesis, and the answers of children. These considerations should lead us to the conclusion that we are responsible for the whole of creation.


Sweet Home's Effect On The Chevron Doctrine And The Increased Role Of The Judiciary In Reviewing Agency Statutory Interpretations, Simona Papazian Jan 1996

Sweet Home's Effect On The Chevron Doctrine And The Increased Role Of The Judiciary In Reviewing Agency Statutory Interpretations, Simona Papazian

Fordham Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.


Desginations Of Critical Habitat Persuant To The Endangered Species Act: Does Nepa Apply?, David G. Perillo Jan 1996

Desginations Of Critical Habitat Persuant To The Endangered Species Act: Does Nepa Apply?, David G. Perillo

Fordham Environmental Law Review

No abstract provided.


"Brownfields Of Dreams?": Challenges And Limits Of Voluntary Cleanup Programs And Incentives, Joel B. Eisen Jan 1996

"Brownfields Of Dreams?": Challenges And Limits Of Voluntary Cleanup Programs And Incentives, Joel B. Eisen

Law Faculty Publications

As one of the most important current topics in environmental law, the redevelopment of abandoned or underutilized urban properties, better known as brownfields, continues to generate much discussion and debate. Because most agree that abandoned sites located in aging areas and the accompanying exodus of industry to the suburbs are undesirable, the federal government and many state governments have created programs to encourage the redevelopment of these industrial properties. But often overlooked by the advocates of such programs are the difficult political, scientific, and moral questions associated with redevelopment. In this insightful article, Professor Eisen provides the most comprehensive discussion …


The Proposal To Split The Ninth Circuit, Carl W. Tobias Jan 1996

The Proposal To Split The Ninth Circuit, Carl W. Tobias

Law Faculty Publications

Individuals and organizations concerned about natural resources should be aware of the recent controversial proposal to divide the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. During the first session of the 104th Congress in the fall of 1995, the United States Senate Judiciary Committee approved Senate Bill 956, a measure that would establish a new Twelfth Circuit consisting of Alaska, Arizona, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington, and that would leave California, Hawaii, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands in the Ninth Circuit. The Judiciary Committee vote was important for two reasons: the circuit's division could substantially affect …


Environmental Injustice: Evidence And Economic Implications, Heidi Y. Willers Jan 1996

Environmental Injustice: Evidence And Economic Implications, Heidi Y. Willers

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

Some economic analyses find evidence of environmental injustice--minorities and/or low-income persons are exposed to environmental dangers (locally undesirable land uses, or LULUs) more than their non-minority or more affluent counterparts. Such inefficient allocations result from a violation of perfect property rights. This paper does not determine efficient levels of various environmental dangers, but rather examines and compares several studies in an effort to find a consensus among researchers. No consensus emerges, as differences in research techniques prevent consistent results from being found. Future research must have well-defined methodologies before it can be effectively used by policy makers.


A Watershed Issue: The Role Of Streamflow Protection In Northwest River Basin Management, Reed D. Benson Jan 1996

A Watershed Issue: The Role Of Streamflow Protection In Northwest River Basin Management, Reed D. Benson

Faculty Scholarship

Watershed management has become a popular approach to environmental problems in the Northwest. Federal, regional, state, local, and tribal watershed efforts are in progress throughout the region. The popularity of the watershed approach can be traced to ecological and political factors. Most watershed management activities, however, focus more on land use and riparian measures than on providing and protecting instreamflows. For both legal and political reasons, watershed efforts tend to avoid water rights issues. Such efforts tend not to be well connected with instream flow protection or water resource planning under state law. Unless they address the need for streamflows, …


Trade And The Environment: Equilibrium Or Imbalance?, Douglas J. Caldwell, David A. Wirth Jan 1996

Trade And The Environment: Equilibrium Or Imbalance?, Douglas J. Caldwell, David A. Wirth

Michigan Journal of International Law

Review of Greening the GATT: Trade, Environment, and the Future by Daniel C. Esty; Freer Trade, Protected Environment: Balancing Trade Liberalization and Environmental Interests by C.Ford Runge, François Ortalo-Magné, and Philip Vande Kamp; Trade and the Environment: The Search for Balance (James Cameron, Paul Demaret & Damien Geradin, eds.); and Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in a Global Economy by David Vogel


Principles Of Governmental Immunity In Texas: The Texas Government Waives Sovereign Immunity When It Contracts - Or Does It Comment., Renna Rhodes Jan 1996

Principles Of Governmental Immunity In Texas: The Texas Government Waives Sovereign Immunity When It Contracts - Or Does It Comment., Renna Rhodes

St. Mary's Law Journal

When the government causes injury through negligence or by breaching a contract, the injured party must face the obstacle of governmental immunity. The doctrine of governmental immunity can act as a total bar to recovery, especially in Texas. Over the years, governmental immunity increasingly has faced attack from courts and commentators. Some states, including Texas, have revised the common-law doctrine, allowing the government to be sued in certain situations. In Texas, principles of governmental immunity are often misconstrued. Which principles of governmental immunity apply to a particular situation in Texas depends on whether the defendant is a state entity or …


Third World Texas: Nafta, State Law, And Environmental Problems Facing Texas Colonias Symposium - The Environment And The United States-Mexico Border - Comment., David L. Hanna Jan 1996

Third World Texas: Nafta, State Law, And Environmental Problems Facing Texas Colonias Symposium - The Environment And The United States-Mexico Border - Comment., David L. Hanna

St. Mary's Law Journal

The horrendous conditions along the Texas-Mexico border stem from factors on both sides of the Rio Grande River, including maquiladoras, migrant farms, poverty, poor land development, and bureaucracy. The adverse living conditions in Texas’s third world border region have resulted in immense health and safety problems. The United States government promised the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) would bring new environmental prosperity to the border region. Yet, aside from one sentence in the preamble, NAFTA does not directly address environmental protection. The United States and Mexico, as part of a series of environmental side agreements, created the Border Environmental …


Nafta And The Environment: Dealing With Abnormally High Birth Defect Rates Among Children Of Texas-Mexico Border Towns Symposium - The Environment And The United States-Mexico Border - Comment., Kelly L. Reblin Jan 1996

Nafta And The Environment: Dealing With Abnormally High Birth Defect Rates Among Children Of Texas-Mexico Border Towns Symposium - The Environment And The United States-Mexico Border - Comment., Kelly L. Reblin

St. Mary's Law Journal

Along the 868-mile Texas-Mexico border thousands of young women live in fear as deadly birth defects with unknown causes threaten the lives of their unborn children. A total of ninety cases of the birth defect anencephaly, meaning the fetus has no brain, were reported in the fourteen Texas border counties between 1986 and 1991. The cause of these birth defects has yet to be determined officially; yet, researchers and residents along the Texas-Mexico border blame poor environmental conditions caused by the maquiladora industry and inadequate sewage facilities. The Texas Department of Health and the Centers for Disease Control investigated the …


Giving Texas Lawyers Their Dues: The State Bar's Liability Under Hudson And Keller For Political And Ideological Activities., Ralph H. Brock Jan 1996

Giving Texas Lawyers Their Dues: The State Bar's Liability Under Hudson And Keller For Political And Ideological Activities., Ralph H. Brock

St. Mary's Law Journal

The State Bar must provide information for members to assess the propriety of mandatory dues and establish a procedure for members to challenge improper expenditures, however, the Texas State Bar provides no such procedure. Although most states have unified bars, opposition to compulsory bar membership is steady—due largely, to using membership dues to lobby state legislatures in favor of positions which some members may oppose. Chicago Teachers Union v. Hudson and Keller v. State Bar of California are the culmination of labor union and unified bar cases which uphold compulsory membership but establish constitutional limits on the uses of mandatory …


Hopwood V. Texas: A Victory For Equality That Denies Reality Recent Development., Robert A. Lauer Jan 1996

Hopwood V. Texas: A Victory For Equality That Denies Reality Recent Development., Robert A. Lauer

St. Mary's Law Journal

Abstract Forthcoming.


Same-Sex Harassment - The Next Step Up In The Evolution Of Sexual Harassment Law Under Title Vii Comment., Regina L. Stone-Harris Jan 1996

Same-Sex Harassment - The Next Step Up In The Evolution Of Sexual Harassment Law Under Title Vii Comment., Regina L. Stone-Harris

St. Mary's Law Journal

Women sexually harassed by male co-workers are protected by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Yet, men are not protected because the federal courts in the Fifth Circuit do not protect men who are sexually harassed by other men. Male victims of sexual harassment are protected if they live in another district which does offer Title VII protection to same-sex victims. But should geography dictate protection? The federal courts are currently split as to whether a claim of sexual harassment between members of the same gender is actionable under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. In the absence …


Capture And Counteraction: Self-Help By Environmental Zealots, James E. Krier Jan 1996

Capture And Counteraction: Self-Help By Environmental Zealots, James E. Krier

University of Richmond Law Review

Self-help is a largely neglected topic in American legal studies. With the exception of a survey by a group of law students published a dozen years ago, there appears to be little, if anything, in our legal literature that confronts the subject in a systematic way. This is so, at least, if one defines self-help as I do. To me, the term refers to any act of bypassing the formal legal system in order to get what one wants.


Seminar On The Law Of Sustainable Development--United States, John R. Nolon Jan 1996

Seminar On The Law Of Sustainable Development--United States, John R. Nolon

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Welcome to a video seminar on the Law of Sustainable Development in Argentina and the United States. Our plan is to record these proceedings and show segments of them at a similar seminar to be held next month in Buenos Aires, Argentina.


Judicial Review Of Cercla Cleanup Procedures: Striking A Balance To Prevent Irreparable Harm, Lucia A. Silecchia Jan 1996

Judicial Review Of Cercla Cleanup Procedures: Striking A Balance To Prevent Irreparable Harm, Lucia A. Silecchia

Scholarly Articles

When Congress passed the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) in 1980 in response to the problems of toxic waste and hazardous substances, the central goals of the Act were clear. CERCLA was intended to provide an effective mechanism for cleaning up such dangers as quickly as possible, with as little expense as feasible, and with as much of that expense as possible borne by the responsible parties, rather than by the taxpayers. Accordingly, CERCLA included provisions for establishing liability for the costs of cleaning up hazardous waste sites. Congress also created the Superfund to pay for those …


Liberal Construction Of Cercla Under The Remedial Purpose Canon: Have The Lower Courts Taken A Good Thing Too Far?, Blake Watson Jan 1996

Liberal Construction Of Cercla Under The Remedial Purpose Canon: Have The Lower Courts Taken A Good Thing Too Far?, Blake Watson

School of Law Faculty Publications

This article examines the use of the remedial purpose canon of statutory construction in connection with the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA), otherwise known as the Superfund Act. The article also assesses scholarly criticisms of the remedial purpose canon.


Main Currents In Early Multilateral Water Treaties: A Historical-Geographic Perspective, 1648–1948, James L. Wescoat Jan 1996

Main Currents In Early Multilateral Water Treaties: A Historical-Geographic Perspective, 1648–1948, James L. Wescoat

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Introduction, Curtis A. Bradley Jan 1996

Introduction, Curtis A. Bradley

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.


Model Material Transfer Agreements For Equitable Biodiversity Prospecting, Daniel M. Putterman Jan 1996

Model Material Transfer Agreements For Equitable Biodiversity Prospecting, Daniel M. Putterman

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.