Environmental Law Commons^™

Sept. 1999, Participants, Mtg On Developing Proc's To The Cao, Cao

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

Jul. 8, 1999, Harmful Child Labor Interim Guidance, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

The Legitimacy Of International Governance: A Coming Challenge For International Environmental Law?, Daniel M. Bodansky

Scholarly Works

This article is about a problem only just becoming visible: the legitimacy of international environmental law, and more specifically, the perception that the international environmental process is insufficiently democratic. Until now, international lawyers have tended to focus on what environmental standards are needed and how those standards can be made effective. But as decision-making authority gravitates from the national to the international level, the question of legitimacy will likely emerge from the shadows and become a central issue in international environmental law. This article seeks to clarify the nature of the legitimacy challenge and to survey possible sources of legitimacy …

April, 1999, Ifc Miga Announces Compliance Advisor, Cao

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

How The Antarctic Science, Tourism, And Conservation Act Of 1996 Fails Antarctica, Kathleen T. Mulville

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

No abstract provided.

March. 23.1999, Letter From R. Caines To D. Hunter, Participation In Ifc Envt Retreat, Richard Caines

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

The Kyoto Protocol: The Battle Over Global Warming Heats Up, Jeffrey A. Ferguson

Florida State University Journal of Transnational Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Does Sharing Know Its Limits? Thoughts On Implementing International Environmental Agreements: A Review Of National Environmental Policies, A Comparative Study Of Capacity-Building, Mark A. Drumbl

Scholarly Articles

When nations lack capacity,they may find themselves unable to implement policy decisions. In such situations, even the most grandiose of edicts and transformative of enactments remain hortatory, modifying only the paper upon which they are written. Lack of capacity has been particularly troublesome in environmental policy. Many environmental commitments remain more apparent than real, often notoriously so. As a result, many pronouncements in favor of the polluter-pays-principle, sustainable development, and the precautionary principle are, notwithstanding good intentions, often simply not applied in practice. As environmental problems are increasingly perceived as global in effect, the responses thereto tend to be multilateral …

The Current Global Environment Outlook: How Is Industry Doing In Meeting The Rio Declaration Goals, 32 J. Marshall L. Rev. 289 (1999), Helene Genot, Dan Tarlock, Dixie Lee Laswell

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

The United States And Shrimp Import Prohibitions: Refusing To Surrender The American Goliath Role In Conservation, Rita M. Wisthoff-Ito

Maryland Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Notions Of Equity In (International) Environmental Law: Inter-Generational Equity, Youk-Hyun Sung

LLM Theses and Essays

Equity has a long history. In the first chapter of this thesis, notions of equity in conventional international law will be discussed. It must be more helpful to understand equity based upon the history of the term since the issues relating to equity were raised in quite a few cases in the past. In the second chapter, by discussing environmental equity in the United States, the only remaining superpower and the largest economy in the world, the thesis tries to see the future of equity in international environmental law. Environmental equity issues in the United States are good sources for …

1999 (Undated), Ifc, Historical Summary Leading To Cao, Annex A, Cao

CAO General 1999-Present

No abstract provided.

International Law And The Maritime Carriage Of Radioactive Materials: Prospects For The Non-Anthropocentric Greening Of International Law, A. Suzette V. Suarez

LLM Theses

A review of the legal regime governing the shipments of radioactive materials reveals an array of preventive and emergency measures as well as liability and compensation measures. The legal regime, however, does not provide any voice to all potentially affected entities, particularly developing Coastal States and the marine environment. The legal regime must be transformed in order to take the above interests into consideration. Any reform in the legal system must start with an evaluation of the ethics and philosophy underlying the system. Understanding the ethical and philosophical basis of the legal regime contributes to the formulation of recommendations for …

Is Nafta Up To Its Green Expectations? Effective Law Enforcement Under The North American Agreement On Environmental Cooperation, Beatriz Bugeda

University of Richmond Law Review

On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) between the governments of Mexico, Canada and the United States went into effect. Together with this trade agreement, the governments of the three countries entered into a side agreement on the environment: the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC). This agreement, also known as the Environmental Side Agreement, responded to some of the concerns of NAFTA critics. Some environmentalists believed NAFTA would promote environmentally insensitive and uncontrolled growth, and others thought the liberalization of trade would be used as a means to preempt stringent domestic environmental regulations.

International Environmental Litigation And Its Future, Philippe Sands

University of Richmond Law Review

The subject of international environmental law is relatively new. The subject was certainly not taught when the University of Richmond School of Law was established in 1870, even if early international law texts before that period did indicate a nascent concern for the issues of fisheries conservation and the use of international rivers. The late part of the last century and the early part of this one recognized a world in which international law could be divided, rather simply, between the law of peace and the law of war. It was a world with few international courts and tribunals in …

Environmental Impact Assessment Laws In The Nineties: Can The United States And Mexico Learn From Each Other?, Heather N. Stevenson

University of Richmond Law Review

The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) was the first major environmental law in the United States. The statute "was devised to establish a comprehensive national policy which would ... guid[e] federal activity and provid[e] for a coordinated, informed approach toward dealing with environmental problems." Since NEPA's enactment, agencies have been "required to prepare environmental analyses, with input from the state and local governments, Indian tribes, the public, and other federal agencies, when considering a proposal for a major federal action." Although most of the environmental impact assessment law in the world is modeled on NEPA and the impact …

Treaty Congestion In International Environmental Law: The Need For Greater International Coordination, Bethany Lukitsch Hicks

University of Richmond Law Review

The number of multilateral environmental agreements in the international community has proliferated greatly since the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment held in Stockholm, Sweden. When the conference was held in 1972, there were approximately three dozen multilateral environmental agreements in existence. In 1989, the United Nations' Environmental Programme (UNEP) Register of Environmental Agreements listed a total of 139 treaties. Today, there are more than 900 international legal instruments, including treaties and binding or non-binding agreements that "are either focused on [the] environment or contain one or more important provisions concerned with the environment." This growth and success …

From Stockholm To Kyoto And Back To The United States: International Environmental Law's Effect On Domestic Law, Joel B. Eisen

Law Faculty Publications

In Part I, I begin my discussion of the relationship between the two legal regimes with a brief introduction to modern international environmental law to assist those whose knowledge is as limited as mine was not too long ago. I also describe how the Allen Chair Symposium and seminar series was designed to facilitate exploration of major trends in international environmental law. Part II provides a more in-depth look at the specific relationship between domestic and international environmental law. I conclude that international environmental law informs domestic law as a wellspring of law leading to domestic innovation, a complement to …

Environmental Harm In Developing Countries Caused By Subsidiaries Of Canadian Mining Corporations: The Interface Of Public And Private International Law, Sara Seck

Articles, Book Chapters, & Popular Press

This 1999 publication examines home state responsibility for transnational environmental harm from the perspective of both private and public international law, using Canadian mining internationally as a case study.

Dedication: Professor Albert E. Utton (1931-1998), David H. Getches

Publications

No abstract provided.

Population. Environment. And Development: The Changing Paradigm Of The 1990s, Sharmini Abbasi

LLM Theses and Essays

Among the vast web of challenges before us in the wake of the new millennium population growth is one of the most worrying aspects of human existence. The consequences of the world's rapid population growth on human well-being and on the environment have been the subject of intense controversy for many years and got even more accentuated as the 1990s progress. However, the framework of international environmental law and agreement has for long failed to consider adequately the clear linkages between rapid population growth and environmental degradation. Thus, the study attempts to discuss and analyze competing for international perspectives, theories, …

Federalism In The Era Of International Standards: Federal And State Government Regulation Of Merchant Vessels In The United States (Part Iii), Craig H. Allen

Articles

No abstract provided.

Dec. 1998, Ifc, Procedure On Envt & Social Review, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Of Solemn Oaths And Obligations: The Environmental Impact Of The Icj’S Decision In The Case Of The Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project, Stephen Stec, Gabriel Eckstein

Faculty Scholarship

Chapter Extract:

The law of treaties often conjures up images of states as rotund gentlemen with whiskers, vests, and watch-chains proclaiming solemn and chivalric oaths upon their honour. Treaties are sacred in the same way that a man's word is his bond. This type of relationship among states is largely unquestioned since much of the way we live in the world depends upon the assumption of the inviolability of sovereign states and their treaties. Any challenge to these assumptions would surely evoke horror at the unmentionable void that would result-except in lawyers who make their livings shaving nuances. However, in …

Nov. 1998, Ifc, Pest Management, Op 4.09, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Nov. 1998, Ifc, Projects On International Waterways, Op 7.50, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Nov. 1998, Ifc, Projects On International Waterways, Op 7.50, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Nov. 1998, Ifc, Forestry, Op. Proc. 4.36, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Nov. 1998, Ifc, Natural Habitats, Op 4.04, Ifc

IFC E&S Performance Standards

No abstract provided.

Oct. 29, 1998 (Faxed), A. Umana, Statement On Retiring From Wbip, Alvaro Umana

CAO Creation Pre-1999

No abstract provided.