Disaster Law Commons^™

Comment: The Flint Water Crisis: A National Warning Of Failing Infrastructure

Marquette Benefits and Social Welfare Law Review

I look at the Flint, Michigan Water Crisis from a combined perspective that broadens the scope of one of the worst manmade environmental disasters in the history of the United States. The goal of this examination is to bring attention to preventable environmental catastrophes, and put a spotlight on the policies and governing philosophies, which aggregated into neglect to the health of the people of Flint. I briefly analyze Michigan’s emergency manager law’s role in fostering the poor oversight that allowed the crisis to spiral out of control. I then pivot to the nation’s water infrastructure and regulatory environment at …

Is The "Act Of God" Dead?, Clifford J. Villa

Faculty Scholarship

In more than twenty years with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) before joining the legal academy, I saw many communities affected by fires, floods, hurricanes, earthquakes, and other natural disasters. However, I never saw a case where the act of God defense prevailed against environmental liability. Confirming this personal experience, I later learned that the number of reported cases where the act of God defense had prevailed against environmental liability, under all statutes and all federal circuits, was also exactly zero.

This raises two obvious questions: (1) why does the act of God defense so often fail? and (2) …

Insurance Against Catastrophe: Government Simulation Of Insurance Markets For Catastrophic Events, Véronique Bruggeman, Michael Faure, Tobias Heldt

Washington Journal of Environmental Law & Policy

As a result of climate change, technological development, and other variables, natural and technological catastrophes have increased dramatically. Moreover, due to infrastructural issues, such as building in floodplains, damages resulting from catastrophes have increased as well. The massive earthquake and tsunami that occurred in Japan on March 11, 2011 are still fresh in people's memories, providing sobering illustrations of the extensive reach of such catastrophes. After a catastrophe, which is defined for the purposes of this Article as an accident with large losses in either the number of victims or the amount of property damage, governments often intervene in the …

Introductory Essay: Catastrophe Thinking, Fast And Slow, Todd A. Wildermuth

Washington Journal of Environmental Law & Policy

We know far more about certain catastrophic risks than we have been willing to do anything serious about. This was not always the case, of course. There was a time when we could have plausibly said we had no real knowledge of a problem and therefore no possible obligation to do anything different. For climate change, the nuances of the date can be endlessly debated; the possible window puts Americans knowing somewhere between 1896, with transatlantic arrival of scientific findings from Sweden, and no later than James Hansen’s testimony before Congress in 1988. For the threats posed by a Cascadia …

Invest To Withstand The Test Of Time: Capital Planning For High-Impact Earthquakes, Jan Whittington

Washington Journal of Environmental Law & Policy

Can people expect buildings and infrastructure to last, keeping their occupants sheltered from the elements, free to go about their business? The professionals who design facilities—as well as the taxpayers and entrepreneurs who fund them—make this assumption, but is this a safe assumption to make? Contemplate the effect of one extreme event—a magnitude 9.0 earthquake along the Cascadia Subduction Zone of the Pacific coast—and it is easy to realize that this is not a safe assumption. Though seismic technology can be used to fortify structures against extreme events and land use plans can keep development out of harm’s way, the …

The Nature Of Extreme Natural Risks In The Natural Environment, Denis Binder

Washington Journal of Environmental Law & Policy

This paper suggests a paradigm change to recognize the uncontrollable risks of extreme natural hazards. All areas of the country face extreme geological and meteorological risks. This paper discusses the historic American approach to the natural environment, the underlying nature of extreme natural hazards in Washington State, California, and the New Orleans-Mississippi River, and proposals to address these hazards. It also lays out two historic limitations on action: the Fifth Amendment and human nature.

Earthquakes In The Oilpatch: The Regulatory And Legal Issues Arising Out Of Oil And Gas Operation Induced Seismicity, Monika U. Ehrman

Georgia State University Law Review

This article reviews the scientific theories and studies regarding induced seismicity, in addition to examining the current regulatory framework and litigation arising out of these seismic events. Lastly, it provides strategies to aid stakeholders and identifies challenges likely to arise in the future.

Part I of this Article provides a review of the geoscience theories regarding natural and induced seismicity. Part II reviews the current scientific literature regarding a possible relationship between certain oil and gas operations and induced seismicity. Part III reviews the existing regulatory structure addressing seismicity in affected states, including possible applicable environmental legislation. Part IV discusses …

The Home-Field Disadvantage: Tort Liability And Immunity For Paid Physicians During Disasters Within The Pacific Northwest Emergency Management Arrangement Member States, Stephen Seely

Seattle University Law Review

This Note identifies how the Pacific Northwest Emergency Management Arrangement member states of Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington apply tort liability and immunity to medical professionals during times of disaster. This Note also identifies an example statutory scheme that, if enacted, will provide equal protection to all physicians who provide care to disaster victims, regardless of their local or out-of-state status.

Tears In Heaven: Religiously And Culturally Sensitive Laws For Preventing The Next Pandemic, Eloisa C. Rodriguez-Dod, Aileen Maria Marty, Elena Maria Marty-Nelson

Catholic University Law Review

This Article argues that laws created to curtail the spread of deadly contagious diseases need to be drafted and implemented in ways that maximize acceptance of an affected communities’ cultural and religious beliefs. When laws are put in place that are inconsistent with community mores, the overall goal of stopping an epidemic is threatened. Communities often distrust government and other relief organizations who mandate rules and regulations that impinge their religious and cultural beliefs; thus, these regulations geared at helping communities can paradoxically undermine the goal of preventing the spread of infectious disease.

This Article focuses on the need for …

Operation Disaster Defender: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach To Preserving Access To Justice And Client Property Through Disaster Preparedness, William S. Gribble

Student Scholarship

For centuries, the legal profession has prided itself on managing the impacts of crises and disasters for our clients. However, as disasters seem to be more commonplace than before, is the legal profession prepared to manage a crisis of its own? With the livelihood of nearly 79,0002 possibly at stake in the United States, shouldn't preparing for a disaster be one of our top priorities as a profession? Additionally, the professional responsibility rules and civil liability will likely not be completely suspended during a disaster. This means that individuals could possibly face discipline or civil liability for failing to prepare …

Introductory Essay: Catastrophe Thinking, Fast And Slow, Todd A. Wildermuth

Articles

No abstract provided.

Climate Change Impacts On Municipal Negligence Liability In Rhode Island, Manta Dircks

Sea Grant Law Fellow Publications

No abstract provided.