Contracts Commons^™

Prudence Of Electric Utilities' Coal Contracts And Fuel Procurement Practices: The Impact On Coal Contract Negotiations, Amy R. Templeton

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Protection Of Shipowners’ Liability Under United States Law And Marine Insurance Practice, Izak Stephanus Fourie

LLM Theses and Essays

Shipowners are exposed to a variety of risks that are, to a large extent, unique to maritime business. Because of factors like the recent increase in the size and value of ships, increase in marine traffic, enactment of legislation imposing new liabilities, and the tendency of courts to make huge awards to personal injury and death claims, shipowners are exposed to potential losses or claims worth millions of dollars in the event of disaster. These heavy risks led to the establishment of the marine insurance industry, as well as the enactment of legislation that limits shipowners’ liability. This legislation was …

No Risk Allocation Need Apply: The Twisted Minnesota Law Of Indemnification, Daniel S. Kleinberger

Faculty Scholarship

Minnesota's law on indemnification agreements is the most restrictive in the country. To provide a basis for understanding the law's restrictions, this Article begins with an analysis of the rationale and functions of indemnification agreements. The Article then reviews the hostility of both the common and statutory law to indemnification agreements and argues that opponents of indemnification have acted without convincing reasons or supporting evidence in substituting government rules for private decision-making.

Insurance In The People's Republic Of China: Laws And Practice, Henry R. Zheng

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The insurance industry in the People's Republic of China (PRC) has expanded rapidly during the past several years. Since the end of 1979 when domestic insurance was reestablished, the income generated from insurance business has been increasing at a rate of over forty-four percent annually.' By early 1987, over 500,000 enterprises and business entities utilized property insurance and about 34 million people purchased personal insurance; during the first half of 1986 the total insurance earnings from the People's Insurance Company of China alone reached a record high of over 2.33 billion yuan. In the meantime, the insurance business has become …

Validity Of Contracts Under The United Nations Convention On Contracts For The International Sale Of Goods, Christoph R. Heiz

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Under article 4(a) of the CISG, domestic law governs if a sales contract's validity is at issue.' One must consult the conflict of laws provisions of private international law to determine which domestic law is applicable.

In contrast to the Convention, the Swiss Code of Obligations as well as relevant Swiss literature and jurisprudence clearly address the issue of contractual validity. Swiss contract law's error provisions are characterized as contract validity rules. If, for instance, a buyer claims that he erred on a certain fact that was a necessary basis for him to enter into an international sales contract under …

Towering Above Charities: Real Estate Development By Nonprofit Organizations, Zoning Variances, And The Reasonable Return Finding, Eric J. Gruber

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Chaos Of The "Battle Of The Forms": Solutions, John E. Murray, Jr.

Vanderbilt Law Review

Whatever may be said of the lack of certainty, stability, and predictability in many areas of the law, chaos rarely is discovered. Unfortunately, we have now reached that point in matters involving attempts by innumerable buyers and sellers to make contracts through an exchange of printed forms. Because printed forms will continue to be the written evidence of the overwhelming majority of attempted contracts in America,' this chaos threatens the institution of contract in our society. There should be no doubt that"chaos" is an accurate characterization of the state of the law in the "battle of the forms" arena. Courts …

Religion, Story And The Law Of Contracts: Reply To Professor Berman, Andrew W. Mcthenia Jr.

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

A Study In Juristic Realism: The Historical Development And Interpretation Of Construction Industry Indemnification Clauses In Washington, Steven P. Soha

Seattle University Law Review

This Article develops how Washington courts historically have interpreted construction industry indemnification clauses. The Article first addresses the substantive and the primary issue of liability, vel non, under construction industry indemnification provisions. After offering a historical analysis of Washington case law on the subject, the Article analyzes the recent statutory amendments to section 4.24.115 of the Washington Revised Code, which substantially impact the current state of the law and which should resolve many unsettled or ambiguous issues in the case law. This Article then discusses some unique issues that have arisen in the context of attempts to judicially enforce these …

Unfair And Deceptive Legislation: The Case For Finding North Carolina General Statutes Section 75-1.1 Unconstitutionally Vague As Applied To An Alleged Breach Of A Commercial Contract, Thomas A. Farr

Campbell Law Review

The North Carolina General Assembly enacted the Unfair and Deceptive Trade Practices Act in 1969. The original purpose of the act was to protect consumers from predatory business practices. Nonetheless, the North Carolina Supreme Court has sanctioned an expanded application of the act to cases involving sophisticated commercial parties. This article will attempt to demonstrate that it is poor public policy to apply section 75-1.1 to cases based upon an alleged breach of a commercial contract and that in at least those instances section 75-1.1 is unconstitutionally vague.

Priorities And Statutory Construction: Mechanic's Liens In New York, Jonathan E. Stassberg

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Notes On The Reliance Interest, Robert Birmingham

Washington Law Review

The topic is Contract Damages. The interests are defined by how we protect them. Imagine a breaching promisor. We protect the reliance interest of the promisee by requiring the promisor to put her in a position as good as she would have been in had the parties not contracted. The other interests are the restitution interest, which we protect by requiring the promisor to give back what the promisee has given him; and the expectation interest, which we protect by requiring the promisor to put the promisee in a position as good as she would have been in had he …

Contract Compensation In Nonmarket Transactions, Joseph P. Tomain

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

Professor Tomain assails the myths holding that contract law is either complete and unitary or hopelessly indeterminate. He contends that a distinction must be made between market situations, which require a more formal analysis, and nonmarket transactions to which a more particularized analysis should be applied. Making the market/nonmarket distinction permits flexibility of methodology and considerations of economics, politics, and morals as appropriate, without forcing the conclusion that contracts analysis is totally without structure. Professor Tomain advocates application of reflective doctrinal analysis which tests the sufficiency of a rule of law and reforms the rule if it is not supported …

Personal Jurisdiction Over Nonresident Debtors: When May Creditors Sue At Home?, Gene R. Shreve

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Teaching An Old Dog Old Tricks: Coppage V. Kansas And At-Will Employment Revisited, Kenneth M. Casebeer

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Corporations And Corporate Agents: Liability On Commercial Paper Contracts And Attainment Of Holder Status, Harold R. Weinberg

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

This article focuses on two classes of commercial paper issues. Section I considers the Uniform Commercial Code rules relevant to determining whether a corporation or its agents are bound by contracts made upon a negotiable instrument. Application of these rules continues to be an important and recurrent source of legal disputes. Section II considers the rights of corporations or their agents to obtain holder status prerequisite to enforcing commercial paper contracts. Problems relating to the attainment of this status can result from corporate engagement in joint-enterprise with artificial or natural persons and from the linkage of corporations through common ownership …

Landreth Timber Co. V. Landreth, Lewis F. Powell Jr.

Supreme Court Case Files

No abstract provided.

A Critique Of The Promise Model Of Contract, Wallace K. Lightsey

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Contract Mining Agreements--The Contract Miner's Perspective, Henry Mcc. Ingram, John H. Lawrence Jr.

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Drafting A Contract Mining Agreement--The Owner's Perspective, Charles Q. Gage

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Evolution Of Law: The Roman System Of Contracts, Alan Watson

Scholarly Works

I have two aims in producing this paper. First, I wish to contribute to the general understanding of how and why law develops and explain the evolution of some very familiar legal institutions. Second, I wish to add to our knowledge of the history of Roman law, by producing a radically different view of the development of contracts, that is, I believe, both consistent with surviving textual data and plausible with regard to human behavior.

Contracts (1983 Annual Survey Of Michigan Law), Janete Findlater, Paula L. Ettelbrick

Law Faculty Research Publications

During the Survey period, the Michigan Supreme Court decided cases involving mutual mistake, the enforceability of a contractual limitation period, and termination of a licensing agreement. The court of appeals considered implied in fact contract theories, interpretation, the parol evidence rule, and claims for exemplary and mental distress damages for breach of contract. In addition, the court of appeals revisited rejection and acceptance under the Uniform Commercial Code, and decided several cases involving medical malpractice arbitration agreements.

The Interpretation Of Contracts Governing Corporate Debt Relationships, William W. Bratton Jr.

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Book Review, I. I. Kavass

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The legal aspects of international contracts for the sale of goods are intrinsically complex. First, the negotiation and performance of international contracts must frequently be conducted at a distance and with the assistance of many intermediaries. The rights and obligations of parties to an international sale are usually more manifold than those of a purely domestic sales transaction, and the effect and scope of these international rights and obligations must be determined by sophisticated mercantile rules which are not present in all legal systems. Second, because an international sales transaction extends beyond the boundaries of one country, it is invariably …

Has The Contract Clause Counter-Revolution Halted? Rhetoric, Rights, And Markets In Constitutional Analysis, Jonathan Baker

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

The Efficacy Of Guaranty Contracts In Sophisticated Commercial Transactions, Peter A. Alces

Faculty Publications

Even though contracts of guaranty are not subject to uniform standards of interpretation throughout the states, both case law and statutory development have tended to evidence a strong sympathy for the guarantor. In spite of this trend, Professor Alces suggests that creditors' counsel can, through careful drafting, do much to assure the enforceability of the guaranty contract. A scrupulously structured guaranty contract, one that anticipates possible defenses to liability in explicit terms, may well be upheld, even in cases in which guarantors occupied weak negotiating positions vis-a-vis creditors. Moreover, the attack on the guaranty as a fraudulent conveyance under section …

The Impact Of A Solvent Corporation's Reorganization On Products Liability Claimants, Hal B. Perkins

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Shopping Center Tenant Bankruptcies: A Better Balance Of Opposing Interests, Matthew J. Gould

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Book Reviews, Horace B. Robertson, Jr., W. David Slawson

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The New Nationalism and the Use of Common Spaces: Issues in Marine Pollution and the Exploitation of Antarctica Edited by J. Charney Totowa, New Jersey: Allenheld Osmun, 1982.Pp. ix, 343.

Reviewed by Horace B. Robertson, Jr.

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Law and Inflation By Keith S. Rosenn Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982. Pp. xxxix, 451.

Reviewed by W. David Slawson

Surrogate Gestation And The Protection Of Choice, Louise E. Graham

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Proponents of surrogate gestation contracts base their case on both the constitutional privacy rights of persons involved in the contract and the notion that contractual agreements are capable of sufficiently protecting all interests involved. This article first speculates on how courts might handle surrogate gestation contracts under existing laws and offers arguments for and against such contracts. Although some commentary on the contractual aspect of the agreement exists, little attention has been given to the privacy arguments of the parties. The major focus of this article, therefore, is upon the nature of the privacy claims asserted by the prospective parents …