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Articles 811 - 840 of 1067
Full-Text Articles in Contracts
Landlord And Tenant-Covenant Not To Assign Without Lessor's Consent
Landlord And Tenant-Covenant Not To Assign Without Lessor's Consent
Michigan Law Review
The growing practice of leasing important business property, especially for long terms, rather than of conveying the entire fee simple, has made increasingly important the devices inserted in such leases for the protection of the respective parties. One of the oldest and most common of these, for the protection of the lessor, is the covenant by the lessee that he will not assign the term without the consent of the lessor.
Injunctions-Statutory Injunctions In Legal Actions Under The Iowa Code
Injunctions-Statutory Injunctions In Legal Actions Under The Iowa Code
Michigan Law Review
The Iowa Code contains a unique and interesting provision which was copied from the English Common Law Procedure Act of 1854. It provides that :--"In all cases of breach of contract or other injury, where the party injured is entitled to maintain and has brought an action by ordinary proceedings, he may, in the same cause, pray and have a writ of injunction against the repetition or continuance of such breach of contract or other injury, or the commission of any breach of contract or injury of a like kind arising out of the same contract or relating to the …
Anticipatory Repudiation Of Contracts And Necessity Of Election, L. Vold
Anticipatory Repudiation Of Contracts And Necessity Of Election, L. Vold
Michigan Law Review
Where a breach of contract takes place several courses of conduct are normally open to the aggrieved promisee. He may bring an action for damages. He often may rescind for the breach. He sometimes may sue for specific performance. He may accept later performance on account. He may try to persuade the defaulting party to live up to the contract. He may for the time being ignore both the contract and the breach. If he follows certain of these courses of conduct others may thereby become impossible. He thus has an election of remedies, a choosing between inconsistent courses of …
Corporations-Debts In Excess Of Statuatory Limit
Corporations-Debts In Excess Of Statuatory Limit
Michigan Law Review
Business Corporations generally have the power to borrow money for the purpose of their ordinary business, and to give the customary evidence of the debt and security therefor. Such power can be limited only by statute or by the charter. Statutes frequently provide that corporations should not incur indebtedness in excess of some particular stated amount, usually a certain proportion of the capital stock. A recent Nebraska case allowed the lender full recovery from the guarantor of corporate notes given in exchange for a loan in excess of the statutory limit, holding that excessive indebtedness does not necessarily invalidate contract …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
Unconstitutional Conditions-The Chrysler Automatic Insurance Plan
Unconstitutional Conditions-The Chrysler Automatic Insurance Plan
Michigan Law Review
The recent decision of the United States Supreme Court in Palmetto Fire Insurance Co. v. Conn. and consolidated cases, terminates the interesting litigation provoked in four states by the novel insurance scheme of the Chrysler Sales Corporation.
Bills And Notes-Discharge-What Is "Renunciation."
Bills And Notes-Discharge-What Is "Renunciation."
Michigan Law Review
The recent and interesting Minnesota case of McGlynn v. Granstrom again raises the question of the construction of certain sections of the Uniform Negotiable Instruments Law. It is there held, that Sec. 122 of the N. I. L., requiring a "renunciation" to be in writing, does not apply to a discharge by accord and satisfaction.
Insurance-Incontestability Clauses-What Will Amount To A Contest
Insurance-Incontestability Clauses-What Will Amount To A Contest
Michigan Law Review
The incontestability clause is quite common at present in life insurance policies, and is the source of much litigation. The insurance policy has usually contained many statements or representations by the insured, and it was a common experience that after the insured had paid premiums on a life insurance policy, perhaps for years, and had died in the belief that his family was well provided for, the insurance company avoided payment on the ground that the insured had made a misrepresentation in the policy, or had committed a breach of warranty. As a result, a feeling grew up that all …
Joinder And Splitting Of Causes Of Action, Charles E. Clark
Joinder And Splitting Of Causes Of Action, Charles E. Clark
Michigan Law Review
The pleading rules concerning joinder and splitting of causes of action are complements of each other, though designed to achieve different objectives. The joinder rule is that separate causes cannot be "joined" or pleaded in the same suit unless they fall within one of the classes of permissible joinder specified in the codes. The purpose of the rule is to prevent too wide a field of litigation and too diverse issues in a single suit and thus to avoid a case of undue confusion and complexity. The rule against splitting is that a single cause shall not be "split" or …
Acceptance Of Deeds
Michigan Law Review
In discussions of delivery of deeds consideration is commonly given to the element of acceptance, as if that were a part of delivery. In the ordinary case of delivery there is an acceptance by the grantee, but, it is submitted, when delivery is properly analyzed it will be found that acceptance is no proper part thereof, whatever may be said as to the necessity for assent in effectuating a change in ownership.
Passenger Tickets As Contracts, Edwin C. Goddard
Passenger Tickets As Contracts, Edwin C. Goddard
Michigan Law Review
The most important right of the common carrier of passengers is his right to compensation. He carries for hire. This compensation he ordinarily collects by selling to the prospective passenger a ticket. Of these tickets there are many varieties, from the simple rectangular bit of cardboard, with the printed statement that it is good for one ride from X to Y, to the long coupon ticket, with elaborate provisions in fine print, providing for the passenger knows not what. What is the legal character of this ticket?
Contracts To Make Testamentary Dispositions As Affected By The Statute Of Frauds, Merrell I. Schnebly
Contracts To Make Testamentary Dispositions As Affected By The Statute Of Frauds, Merrell I. Schnebly
Michigan Law Review
There are in the reports a surprising number of cases in which it is alleged that the owner of property has bound himself by contract to devise or bequeath that property to another. These promises have been made upon almost every imaginable consideration, but in the typical case the consideration is personal services rendered to the promiser during his declining years. Since these promises are so common, one concludes that this kind of contract must appeal to many persons as advantageous. There is little doubt that it of ten does enable one to secure attention of a sort he could …
Contracts-Risk Of Loss Between Vendor And Purchaser In Land Contract
Contracts-Risk Of Loss Between Vendor And Purchaser In Land Contract
Michigan Law Review
Plaintiff entered into a contract to sell his grocery business to the defendant for a specified amount, part payment to be by way of the conveyance of a house and lot owned by the defendant, the title to pass upon payment by the plaintiff of certain outstanding debts of the grocery business. Subsequent to the execution of the contract, but before conveyance of the house and lot and while the defendant was still in possession, the house was destroyed by fire and the plaintiff sues to have $2,500 substituted, that amount being the agreed valuation at which the property was …
Public Utilities-Power Of Commission To Change Rate Paid By Private User Under Special Contract With The Utility
Michigan Law Review
Within the last decade the right of the state to change the rates of a public utility, as fixed by contract, has been presented to the courts numerous times. An examination of the cases on the subject shows that much of the law has now become settled.
Infants' Contracts--Application Of Doctrine Of Estoppel When Infant Has Mispresented Age
Infants' Contracts--Application Of Doctrine Of Estoppel When Infant Has Mispresented Age
Michigan Law Review
It has been laid down that as a general rule the doctrine of estoppel has no application to infants. 31 C. J. 1005; 22 CYC. 512. But many cases recognize an exception to this general rule, where the infant has reached the age of discretion and has intentionally and fraudulently made misrepresentations. A common case is that in which the infant has induced a person to enter into a contract with him, by fraudulently representing himself to be of age. As to whether or not he will be estopped from setting up his infancy, in a suit on such contract, …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
The Power Of The Written Assertion, Gustavus Ohlinger
The Power Of The Written Assertion, Gustavus Ohlinger
Michigan Law Review
In his Outline of History Mr. Wells comments on the exaggerated estimate which people generally, through reading the Old Testament account, have come to entertain of the wisdom of Solomon and of the glory and prestige of the Israelitish Kingdom during his reign. By way of contrast, the facts, which are readily available and discernable even in the scriptural narrative, reveal this much advertised monarch as a rather insignificant chieftain and his kingdom as a pawn in the policies of his powerful neighbors-a striking example, according to Mr. Wells, of the power of the written assertion over realities in men's …
Evidence By Surviving Participant Of A Contract Or Other Transaction
Evidence By Surviving Participant Of A Contract Or Other Transaction
Michigan Law Review
Among the most prolific and endless sources of litigation of recent times are the so-called "dead man statutes", which forbid the surviving participant in a contract or other transaction to testify regarding it unless the opposing party waives the restriction. These statutes lay down a rule of thumb which treats all cases, meritorious or unmeritorious, exactly the same. In attempting to apply them to the cases the courts have made one fine distinction after another, only to interject still finer ones in between, until the whole· makes a labyrinth in which suitor and court have often found themselves hopelessly lost. …
The Intention Fallacy In The Construction Of Title Retaining Contracts, Abraham J. Levin
The Intention Fallacy In The Construction Of Title Retaining Contracts, Abraham J. Levin
Michigan Law Review
''Truth", said William James, "lives for the most part on a credit system. Our thoughts and beliefs 'pass', so long as nothing challenges them, just as bank-notes pass, so long as nobody refuses them." This can also be said of legal principles. In the interpretation and construction of conditional sales and kindred title retaining instruments the courts and lawyers and text writers have assumed that the intention of the parties governs under all circumstances regardless of whether the suit is between the original parties to the contract, or whether the issue involves the rights of third parties. So far as …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
New Types Of Negotiable Paper
Michigan Law Review
Admirers of the common law are prone to point with pride to its adaptability to meet changing conditions. In codification the tendency toward rigidity would seem to be almost inevitable, particularly in so far as there is an indulgence in attempts at definition. The Uniform Negotiable Instruments Law affords examples of the price to be paid in departing from the ready elasticity of the common law.
Proof Of Good Faith, Jason L. Honigman
Proof Of Good Faith, Jason L. Honigman
Michigan Law Review
Section 59 of the Uniform Negotiable Instruments Law provides, that, "Every holder is deemed prima facie to be a holder in due course; but when it is shown that the title of any person who has negotiated the instrument was defective, the burden is on the holder to prove that he or some person under whom he claims acquired the title as holder in due course. But the last mentioned rule does not apply in favor of a party who became bound on the instrument prior to the acquisition of such defective title." Numerous questions of interpretation have arisen in …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
The Reckoning Of Damages In Fluctuating Exchange, Joseph H. Drake
The Reckoning Of Damages In Fluctuating Exchange, Joseph H. Drake
Michigan Law Review
Not the least serious of the evil effects of the Great War has been the resultant collapse in value of the currencies of foreign countries and the consequent dislocation of exchanges. The case of Sirie v. Godfrey, decided in the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, presents clearly one of the legal problems arising out of this situation. Goods were bought by an American lady in Paris, in 1913 and 1914, at a cost of about 10,000 francs. These goods were delivered in due time but were not paid for. At the time the goods were …
Notice Of Acceptance Of A Guaranty Contract
Notice Of Acceptance Of A Guaranty Contract
Michigan Law Review
In the recent case of Midland Nat. Bank v. Security Elevator Co. (Minn. 1924) 200 N. W. 851, the important question arises as to whether there need be a communicated acceptance of a guaranty in order to consummate a binding undertaking on the part of the guarantor. On this question there is great confusion in the authorities, both as to results and as to reasoning.
Conflict Of Laws Rules As Constitutional Limitations
Conflict Of Laws Rules As Constitutional Limitations
Michigan Law Review
With the constant growth of the United States as a commercial nation, it has been inevitable that state lines should figure in business transactions to an ever diminishing extent. Business relations, keeping pace with the rapid development of modem means of transportation, have increasingly assumed an interstate aspect. With this extension of commercial dealings, the question of the legal rights of the parties so engaged has frequently arisen. Diversity of local rules of law has led to much litigation and disagreement. Differences in local rules might be overcome through the services of competent commercial lawyers, and contracts might then be …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
The Effect Of An Offeror's Death Upon His Outstanding Offer, James Lewis Parks
The Effect Of An Offeror's Death Upon His Outstanding Offer, James Lewis Parks
Michigan Law Review
If A makes an offer to contract with B and dies before B accepts, it has generally been said that the offer is at an end, and that no contract can result, even though later B gives an acceptance without knowing of A's intervening death. To support this rule, it has been stated that a contract can not exist unless the minds of the parties have met, and as the offeror's mind has passed on with his decease, there can be no subsequent mutual assent. It has been convincingly shown that the reasoning of such a decision is unfortunate and …
Justification For Inducing Breach Of Contract
Justification For Inducing Breach Of Contract
Michigan Law Review
Liability for inducing breach of contract, though of comparatively recent development in the field of torts, has grown so rapidly and with so little method or system in many decisions, that courts are somewhat anxious to find legitimate theories for checking the wholesale recoveries resulting from the application of the general principle. Justification for the tort shows some promise of being one of the checks for which the courts have been searching. The recent English case of Brimelow v. Casson (Aug. 1294) 93 L. J. Rep. 256, sheds some light on the problem of justification. In that case the plaintiff …
A Modern Instance Of Zenothemis V. Demon, John M. Zane
A Modern Instance Of Zenothemis V. Demon, John M. Zane
Michigan Law Review
That a specific rule in Greek law should be of value to the decision of a legal question arising among us would seem at first blush improbable. Both the historical and analytical jurists have insisted so strongly upon the causes which tend to make any system of positive law something peculiar in itself that they have obscured the fact that the rules of substantive law are quite likely to be the same for like circumstances among nations which have reached a comparatively high level of civilization. The now dominant school of juristic thought, which teaches what its foremost exponent has …