Common Law Commons^™

Different Countries, Same Homophobia And Transphobia: A Cross-Cultural Survey Of So-Called Conversion Therapy Practices And The Move Toward Legislative Protections For The United States Lgbtq+ Community, Samantha J. Past

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

So-called “conversion therapy” consists of dangerous practices that inflict detrimental, long-lasting effects on its victims. As a form of sexual orientation or gender identity or gender expression change efforts, conversion therapy is fostered by global homophobia and transphobia. Despite formal public rejection and scientific discreditation, conversion therapy providers across the world continue to target LGBTQ+ individuals, predominately under the guise of offering health care services or obeying religious practices. The following piece compares conversion therapy in three countries with recently introduced LGBTQ+ legislation––(1) Ghana; (2) Canada; and (3) the United States (U.S.)–––in order to identify factors furthering conversion therapy and …

Embracing The End: A Comparative Analysis Of Medical Aid In Dying In Canada And The United States, Joel Krinsky

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

Since the late nineteenth century, debate has unfolded over the use of euthanasia and physician-assisted death to alleviate the suffering of individuals with medical illnesses. The controversy surrounding the issue persists and its implications are significant. While most countries prohibit Aid in Dying (AID), legalization of the practice has expanded globally in recent years. Canada and the United States (US) are two such jurisdictions that have expanded access to AID. Canada has federally legalized the practice, which the country refers to as Medical Aid in Dying (MAID), and in 2021, the country expanded the eligibility criteria for individuals seeking access …

Liability Rule Practices Amidst The Property Rule Of Indonesian Capital Market, Adiwarman Adiwarman

Indonesia Law Review

Shareholder protection is the most important legal issue in capital market law. Conflict of interest is one of the corporate actions in the capital market. The property rule requires independent shareholders’ approval for conflicts of interest transactions. The property rule paradigm empowers independent shareholders in the company’s decision-making process. In practice, listed companies violate the property rule and are subject to sanctions, but the rights of shareholders will be reduced due to fines imposed by the capital market authorities. A normative method is used to answer the problem of how does Indonesia enforce the conflict of interest rule in order …

The Dark Side Of Due Process: Part Iii, How To Use Irreverent Double-Talk To Speak Back To Bad Men, Joshua J. Schroeder

St. Mary's Law Journal

Most American lawyers take for granted that the common law established almost all the ordinary causes of action we know today. As Joseph Story’s Commentaries acknowledged, the common law is the basis of the entire U.S. system of law. Common law struggled with feudal and canon forms and eventually transformed them for the benefit of ordinary people even in the face of the most heinous travesties of the English and American past.

The Witch Judges of Salem, Massachusetts and the Parliament of Saints in England did not prevail through despotic radicalism to demolish the common law through codification. Legal positivism …

Book Review Of Advanced Introduction To Legal Reasoning, Brian H. Bix

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Book Review Of Common Good Constitutionalism, Wendy E. Parmet

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Federal Pleading Standards In State Court, Marcus Gadson

Michigan Law Review

Most state courts cannot follow both their state constitutions and federal pleading standards. Even if they could, policy considerations unique to states compel state courts to reject federal pleading standards. This is because federal courts have changed pleading standards to allow judges to make factual determinations on a motion to dismiss and to require more factual detail in complaints. While scholars have vigorously debated whether these changes are wise, just, and permissible under the federal rules and the Constitution, they have ignored the even more important questions of whether state courts can and should adopt those pleading standards. The oversight …

The Helicopter State: Misuse Of Parens Patriae Unconstitutionally Precludes Individual And Class Claims, Gabrielle J. Hanna

Washington Law Review

The doctrine of parens patriae allows state attorneys general to represent state citizens in aggregate litigation suits that are, in many ways, similar to class actions and mass-tort actions. Its origins, however, reflect a more modest scope. Parens patriae began as a doctrine allowing the British king to protect those without the ability to protect themselves, including wards and mentally disabled individuals. The rapid expansion of parens patriae standing in the United States may be partly to blame for the relative absence of limiting requirements or even well-developed case law governing parens patriae suits. On the one hand, class actions …

Electronic Currency: What It Is, Its Types - Its Effects, Haitham Mohamed Harmi Sharif Dr.

مجلة جامعة الإمارات للبحوث القانونية UAEU LAW JOURNAL

Electronic money is one of the modern-day developments. It is an electronic means of transferring money from one side to another. It is widely used by many institutions. Even banks use this method. This method is very fast in transferring money, and at the same time,

As international financial markets become increasingly interconnected and international e-money rates rise, the magnitude of economic, financial and legal problems will be very large, especially on the volume of tax revenues and monetary policy. The first topic of the study presents the nature of electronic money .the second topic deals with: the legal nature …

The Use Of Knowledge And Moral Imagination In The Common Law, Allen Mendenhall

Ohio Northern University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Features Of The Demise Of The Theory Of Sovereign Acts In The Field Of Judicial Review Over Enforcement Of International Treaties, Sofiane Abdelli Judge

مجلة جامعة الإمارات للبحوث القانونية UAEU LAW JOURNAL

The theory of Sovereign Acts (acts of state) is a real departure from the principle of legitimacy and the state's submission to the law. The French Council of State invented this theory only to protect its existence and competence from the government's reaction on the eve of the return of the monarchy, it was only to fortify some of its acts from its control and to courtesy the government through its rulings.

However, the orientations of the State Council in its early stages have known many transformations, especially in the area of limiting the effects of the implementation of that …

Masthead & Table Of Contents

Dalhousie Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Microcontextual Considerations In Ouster Clause Analysis: A Comparative Study Of Parallel Trends In The United Kingdom And Singapore, Kenny Chng

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

The classic legal approach to legislative ouster clauses in the common law was articulated by the House of Lords in Anisminic Ltd. v. Foreign Compensation Commission. However, recent developments in both the United Kingdom and Singapore indicate a judicial desire to shift away from that approach towards a more flexible analysis of an ouster clause’s effect, centered on the rule of law. This article highlights the significance of those parallel developments, especially given the starkly differing constitutional contexts shaping the approach to ouster clauses in the two jurisdictions. Capitalizing on these trends, it proposes a comparative assessment of the materiality …

The Flaws Of Magic Bullet Theory: Retraining Unconscionability To Discretely Target Different Contexts Of Unfairness In Contracts, Marcus Moore Dr.

Dalhousie Law Journal

Unconscionability has long been a troublesome area in Canadian jurisprudence. This is of significant concern given unconscionability’s pre-eminence as a protection of contractual fairness. This article elaborates a much-needed reorganization and rationalization of unconscionability in Canada. Under current law, a single doctrine hopelessly targets two divergent purposes. I set out here a proposed redevelopment rather of separate common law doctrines, each fit-for-purpose: (1) An English-style unconscionable bargains doctrine for avoiding bargains that exploited disability, and (2) an American-style unconscionable clauses doctrine to control unfair terms in standard form contracts. Extensive Canadian precedent supports this solution, assuring its feasibility and legitimacy. …

Dicamba Is Gone With The Wind: The Ninth Circuit Blows Life Into Fifra In National Family Farm Coalition V. United States Environmental Protection Agency, Timothy Howley Keith

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Wishing To Be Part Of That Court: How The Supreme Court's Decision In Bp P.L.C. V. Mayor Of Baltimore Lets Energy Companies Wander Free And Drown The Shore Up Above, Natalie Poirier

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Blocking Nature's Vulnerable Calls For Help: The Tenth Circuit Dials Into The Telecommunications Act's Federal Environmental Preemption Clause In Santa Fe Alliance V. City Of Santa Fe, Samantha Speiss

Villanova Environmental Law Journal (1991 - )

No abstract provided.

Social Media Harms And The Common Law, Leslie Y. Garfield Tenzer

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This article finds fault with the judiciaries' failure to create a set of common law norms for social media wrongs. In cases concerning social media harms, the Supreme Court and lower courts have consistently adhered to traditional pre-social media principles, failing to use the power of the common law to create a kind of Internet Justice.

Part I of this article reviews social media history and explores how judicial decisions created a fertile bed for social media harm to blossom. Part II illustrates social media harms across several doctrinal disciplines and highlights judicial reluctance to embrace the realities of social …

Litigation Over Public Procurement In Light Of Algerian Legislation And Judicial Precedents, Dr. Ahcene Rabhi

مجلة جامعة الإمارات للبحوث القانونية UAEU LAW JOURNAL

The flexibility and dynamism of the substantive dimensions of public tenders have been reflected by the large legal provisions enacted by the Algerian legislature in order to control disputes concerning this type of administrative contracts. This has been initially divided according to a threefold approach, which takes into account the adaptation of administrative proceedings and their types, and finally the legal solutions applied to adjudicating them. However, despite the considerable attraction of this legislative position, it was quickly and widely criticized for the large gaps it left, resulting in the "embarrassment" of the administrative judiciary in many legal problems. This …

The Issue Of Intent In The Saudi Capital Financial Market Law, Dr. Ramy Abdulaziz Saleh Alshebl

مجلة جامعة الإمارات للبحوث القانونية UAEU LAW JOURNAL

This study tries to analyze the issue of intention required to constitute a criminal offense in the Saudi Capital Market from the Legislative stand of point and from the way the court, which is a committee for resolution on securities disputes, construes the law. Capital Market crimes are a type of economic crime, which have distinct features than ordinary crimes in the way they are conducted, tools used, residues it keeps after the crime ending by the court procedure. The study tried to define the intention element, which might be referred to as Men’s Rea, in economic crimes from scientific …

National Pork Producers Council V. Ross: Brief Of Professors Barry Friedman And Daniel T. Deacon As Amici Curiae In Support Of Respondents, Daniel T. Deacon

Appellate Briefs

Barry Friedman is the Jacob D. Fuchsberg Professor of Law and Affiliated Professor of Politics at New York University Law School and is one of the country’s leading authorities on constitutional law and the federal courts. Daniel T. Deacon is a Lecturer at the University of Michigan Law School and has published extensively on topics that include constitutional and administrative law. Professors Friedman and Deacon are the authors of A Course Unbroken: The Constitutional Legitimacy of the Dormant Commerce Clause, 97 Va. L. Rev. 1877 (2011), a leading article examining the origins of the Commerce Clause and defending the validity …

Private Search And Seizure: The Constitutionality Of Anton Piller Orders In Canada, Dimitros Valkanas

Dalhousie Law Journal

This paper examines the constitutionality of the Anton Piller order in Canadian law. First, the paper examines whether Anton Piller orders overall are unconstitutional through three major avenues of attack: (i) Charter challenges; (ii) the ultra vires doctrine; and (iii) the principle of natural justice, audi alteram partem. Afterwards, in the event that no challenge against Anton Piller orders broadly would succeed, the paper examines whether their uniquely Canadian variant known as a “rolling” or “John (or Jane) Doe” Anton Piller orders could be challenged, looking at both Charter and non-Charter challenges. Finally, this paper proposes the imposition of additional …

Masthead & Table Of Contents

Dalhousie Law Journal

No abstract provided.

If The Government Says So, It Must Be Right: An Analysis On The Impact Of Government Issued Force Majeure Certificates, Verónica Orantes

University of Miami Inter-American Law Review

In March 2020, the world came to a halt with the beginning of the Covid–19 pandemic. The pandemic’s worldwide im-pact resulted in endless business transactions becoming im-possible or impracticable to perform. The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade issued force majeure certificates for its national business parties to excuse their performance under cross–border transactions. This note explores how the excuses for the performance of a contract work under Common Law and Civil Law systems and how each system would react to the parties invoking force majeure under a force majeure certificate issued by a government agency.

Common Law With Uncommon Regulations: The Influence Of Legal Tradition On Campaign Finance Regimes, Sky Berry-Weiss

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Americans spent $11.4 billion in their last federal election cycle but collectively, the United Kingdom and Canada only spent a little over $550 million in their last general elections. These three states have similarities in democratic governance, economic legacy, and common law legal system grouping but how did they become so separated in campaign finance regulations? Prior research in the field of international comparative campaign finance law is limited and primarily focuses on using political theories to describe the movement of laws toward deregulation or regulation. This research seeks to find what influences the creation, preservation, and deregulation of campaign …

A Tipping Point In Ohio: The Primacy Model As A Path To A Consistent Application Of Judicial Federalism, The Honorable Pierre Bergeron

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.

Rights Of The Management Concerning The Letter Of Guarantee, Dr. Mohamed Farouk Mohammed

UAEU Law Journal

The notion of the letter of guarantee emerged as one of the alternative forms for the financial deposit to safeguard the administrative contract. The aim of such a notion was to protect the party to a contract from the harm of having portions of his or her capital idle. Letters of the guarantee are either interim to make sure the contract party is committed or final to make sure the performance of contract terms is perfect. It may also be an installment paid in advance to ensure perfect performance. A fourth type is the letter of guarantee for equipment or …

Elucidation Strategies: A Case Study Of The U.S Supreme Court, Gordon Carroll

[Archive] Belmont University Research Symposium (BURS)

The research encompassed a study on the consistency in judicial interpretations and factors that influenced U.S. Supreme Court decisions. To do this, the study explored literature and theoretical perspectives relating to judicial interpretations and decisions. The target population entailed officers in the Office of the Solicitor General for their experience in Court rulings. Interviews were conducted among ten respondents, with data collected, coded, and analyzed. The study results were then presented, discussed, and conclusions derived from them. Generally, the study found serious inconsistencies in interpretations not only between justices but also in almost similar cases. Decisions by justices were conflicting …

The Curious Absence Of Provocation Affirmative Defenses In Assault Cases, Michael S. Dauber

St. John's Law Review

(Excerpt)

Kent Davis returned home on February 22, 2008, took his toddler into the bedroom, fed her a bottle, and sat down to watch some television. His wife, Rachel, noticed that their daughter had spilled her bottle, and the two began to argue. During the argument, Rachel opened the window and yelled for the police; she also spat on Davis. When she tried to call the police, Davis grabbed her cell phone and “snapped it in half.” Davis then took a knife from the kitchen and assaulted Rachel, punching her and stabbing her in the shoulder and neck until he …

Christianity And Locke: An Investigation Of Resistance Theory, John Kebles

Helm's School of Government Conference - 2021-2024

No abstract provided.