Commercial Law Commons^™

Contract Modification Under The Restatement (Second) Of Contracts, Robert A. Hillman

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Contract Law In Modern Commercial Transactions, An Artifact Of Twentieth Century Business Life?, James J. White

Articles

Diligent first year law students study contract law with a passion previously reserved for romantic objects and religious idols. Their professors lead them in extensive and difficult intellectual explorations of the wilds of contract law. There are careful analyses of why damage recovery X will stimulate performance Y, why recovery A is appropriate to encourage the aggrieved party to return to the market, and so on and so forth. Lurking behind this year long analysis are several inarticulate hypotheses: that they make rational evaluations of the threat of legal sanctions; that they respond in other varied and subtle ways to …

Article 9 Security Interests As Voidable Preferences: Part Ii The Floating Lien, Irving A. Breitowitz

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Perfect Tender Rule - An "Acceptable" Interpretation, David Frisch

Law Faculty Publications

The focus of this article will be on the inherent conflict between the buyer's right to reject and the seller's right to cure. We will first review both the scholarly commentary addressing the issue and the judicial interpretations of the rejection-cure conflict. We will then propose a resolution to the conflict, or an acceptable interpretation, which serves to promote the expressed purposes and policies of the Uniform Commercial Code.

Eight Cases And Section 251, James J. White

Articles

[A] continuing sense of reliance and security that the promised performance will be forthcoming. . . is an important feature of the bargain-so states Comment 1 to section 2-609 of the Uniform Commercial Code. At common law, one party to a contract might suffer considerable and justifiable anxiety about the other party's willingness or ability to perform and yet have no legal basis for cancelling the contract or for procuring additional assurances from the other party. Section 251 of the Restatement (Second) of Contracts is designed to provide a remedy for one party's reasonable fears that the other party to …

Article One Of The Uniform Land Transactions Act: Is Inconsistency With The U.C.C. An Unnecessary Obstacle?, Ronald B. Brown

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The U.C.C. (Sales) As An Introductory Law School Course, Ronald B. Brown

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Computer Programs As Goods Under The U.C.C., Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

This Note addresses the requirements for governing computer program contracts by article 2 of the U.C.C.: that the several methods of selling programs be "transactions in goods" and that the goods not be merely incidental to accompanying services. This Note concludes that contracts for program copies are, in most contexts, transactions within the scope of article 2.

U.C.C. Section 2-403: A Reform In Need Of Reform, Katherine F. Jillson

William & Mary Law Review

No abstract provided.

Allocation Of Scarce Goods Under Section 2-615 Of The Uniform Commercial Code: A Comparison Of Some Rival Models, James J. White

Articles

Section 2-615 of the Uniform Commercial Code authorizes a contract seller to allocate goods in short supply when full performance has become commercially impracticable. Most of the cases under and commentary on that section have focused on the issue of commercial impracticability. The allocation aspects of the section have attracted much more modest attention in the cases and in the scholarly journals. The purpose of this article is to examine critically the allocation rule set out in section 2-615(b). That subsection authorizes a seller, upon a finding of commercial impracticability, to allocate "in any manner which is fair and reasonable." …

Recent Cases, James S. Hutchinson, James R. Newson, Iii, Andrew W. Byrd, Judith Mi. Janssen, John E. Tavss

Vanderbilt Law Review

Civil Procedure--Attorney-Client Privilege-- Privilege Protects Communications Made by Corporate Employee To Secure Legal Advice and a Matter Committed to a Professional Legal Advisor Is Prima Facie Committed To Secure Legal Advice

James S. Hutchinson

attorney-client privilege, the "predominance" test, legal activities

In summary, courts have not yet resolved how to determine who may qualify as the corporate client for purposes of the attorney-client privilege...

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Constitutional Law-- Confrontation Clause-Admission at Trial of Slain Informant's

Prior Grand Jury Testimony Against Defendants Does …

General Equitable Principles Under Section 1-103 Of The Uniform Commercial Code, Robert S. Summers

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Acceleration Clause Disclosure: A Truth In Lending Policy Analysis, Patrick E. Hoog

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Evaluating Article 2 Of The Uniform Commercial Code: A Preliminary Empirical Expedition, James J. White

Articles

A proponent of commercial law codification, Mr. Eaton was one of the first American lawyers to perceive that mere codification of the law did not necessarily produce certainty and lack of discord in the law of commercial transactions. Indeed, in the same article Eaton reveals that of the 1,091 cases that had arisen under the Negotiable Instruments Law, only 704 cited the Act and in the other 387 "the Negotiable Instruments Law [was] ignored by the courts in the decisions, and (so far as the reports show) by the counsel in these cases...." Unlike Bentham, Carter, and Field, each of …

Warranties—Uniform Commercial Code—Effects Of Federal Warranty Law On Washington U.C.C. Provisions—Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 2301-2312 (Supp. V. 1975), Guy Towle

Washington Law Review

Consumer product warranties—their creation, breach, and remedies upon breach—have generally been controlled by the common law and Uniform Commercial Code (U.C.C.) provisions in each state. Washington is no exception, and the Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act should have a significant impact upon the traditional warranty law of this jurisdiction. This note will briefly discuss the Act's basic requirements and then consider the impact of several of the Act's major provisions upon similar or conflicting provisions of the Washington Uniform Commercial Code. Primary emphasis will be placed upon the Act's effects regarding the doctrine of privity, disclaimer of implied warranties, limitation on remedies …

Efts: Consumer Protection Under The Ucc, Susan E. Jinnett

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

In view of the economic significance of the payments system, the laws governing it must be equitable and comprehensive. The development of the commercial law applicable to EFTS's, however, currently lags behind the growth of these systems. Threats to the integrity of EFTS's stem from lost, stolen, or forged access cards, illegal taps into communication lines, physical impairment of the equipment, or improper programming. The legal rights and liabilities of consumers where the integrity of an EFTS has been breached remains unclear, in part because the status of EFTS's under current law is uncertain. The rights of the parties involved …

Preamble, Herbert Wechsler

Vanderbilt Law Review

As readers of the Review are undoubtedly aware, the American Law Institute was organized in 1923 as a permanent organization of lawyers, judges, and law teachers "to promote," as its charter recites, "the clarification and simplification of the law and its better adaptation to social needs." ...

Work on the Code began' in 1969 with Professor Loss as the Reporter, aided by consultants and advisers whose experience and expertise is equaled only by their high distinction in this field. Five tentative drafts have been printed in the years from 1972 to 1976 and a sixth, which now is off the …

The Eroding Uniformity Of The Uniform Commercial Code, John C. Minahan Jr.

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Kentucky Law Survey: Commercial Law And Consumer Credit, Harold R. Weinberg

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

This article is a survey of commercial law and consumer credit in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. The most significant development during the past survey year was the demise of the holder in due course doctrine and other related doctrines which insulated creditors financing consumer sales from consumer claims and defenses. As a result of this development, consumers will now be able to assert claims or defenses arising out of the sale financed against the financer under certain circumstances. Other developments also surveyed herein relate to the Uniform Commercial Code statutes of frauds and prejudgment creditors’ remedies.

Purchase Of Consumer Paper And Subjection To Collateral Forces, Benjamin Geva

University of Richmond Law Review

The purchase of commercial paper issued in return for consumer goods [hereinafter referred to as consumer paper] is a common and wide-spread sales financing practice. Various judicial techniques and legislative schemes have been employed to disqualify purchasers of consumer paper from becoming holders in due course [hereinafter referred to as HDC], thus rendering these purchasers subject to defenses to the instrument based upon consumer dissatisfaction with the goods. Underlying the denial of HDC sttus to purchasers of consumer paper are the following premises: (1) the sale of consumer goods is not a commercial transaction and should not be governed by …

Secured Party's Right To Sue Third Persons For Damage To Or Defects In Collateral, Harold R. Weinberg

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

The proverb “there is many a slip ‘twixt the cup and the lip” might have been written with the secured creditor in mind. Many tragedies may befall him to defeat his expectations. He takes his security interest hoping for the best, but preparing for the worst—nonperformance of the obligation secured. If he does not carefully comply with the Article Nine provisions concerning the enforceability and perfection of a security interest, he may ultimately be unsecured. If his security interest is enforceable and perfected, it may turn out that some other party has priority to the collateral. Even if the secured …

Wrongful Dishonor, James J. White

Other Publications

Uniform Commercial Code section 4-402. I. Basic Liability II. Damages III. Miscellaneous Asides

Imposters And Fictitious Payees, James J. White

Other Publications

Uniform Commercial Code section 3-405. I. Basic Liabilities II. Defense and Miscellaneous Issues

Checks Lost In The Collection Process, James J. White

Other Publications

Given the millions of checks that are transferred among banks every year, the opportunity for loss and misplacement of such checks is enormous and the liabilities associated with such loss can be significant. This section deals with the collecting bank's liability for the check's loss before it is delivered to payer bank. If the payer bank receives and then loses the check, it will be subject to a different set of liabilities; those liabilities will be discussed elsewhere in the program.

Two Decades Of 2-207: Review, Reflection And Revision, Paul Barron, Thomas W. Dunfee

Cleveland State Law Review

This article is divided into six parts: (1) a description of the modern commercial context within which UCC section 2-207 was created and is now applied; (2) a summary of the pre-Code rule; (3) an overview of the rule engendered by section 2-207; (4) an analysis of the interpretative history of section 2-207; (5) a proposed decision model for the application of section 2-207; and (6) the suggested statutory revision.

Cure And Revocation For Quality Defects: The Utility Of Bargains, Alan Schwartz

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Impossibility, Impracticability, And Supervening Illegality, James J. White

Book Chapters

The Doctrine of Impossibility, or as the Uniform Commercial Code knows it, Excuse by Failure of Presupposed Conditions, remains one of the unclimbed peaks of contract doctrine. All of the famous early and mid-twentieth century mountaineers, Corbin, Williston, Farnsworth and many lesser men have made attempts on this doctrine, but none have succeeded in climbing it to the very top. The doctrine inheres in Section 2-615 of the UCC, in Sections 454 - 469 of the Restatement of Contracts and in a series of Anglo-American cases stretching back for many years. In spite of attempts by all of the contract …

Book Review Of James K. White & Robert S. Summers, Handbook Of The Law Under The Uniform Commercial Code (1972), Harold R. Weinberg

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

This is a book review of James K. White & Robert S. Summers, Handbook of the Law Under the Uniform Commercial Code (1972).

What Ever Happened To The "Checkless Society"?, Isaiah Baker

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

In the late 1960's and early 1970's, a proliferation of articles in law reviews and other scholarly journals predicted a fundamental change in the payments systems in the United States. The "checkless society" was hailed as the coming thing-the latest and best innovation to come along in the vast areas of law covered by the Uniform Commercial Code provisions governing commercial paper and bank collections. Despite the claims that present technology is capable of effecting basic alterations in the existing check collection and payment systems, changes have been slow to come and are coming with deliberate speed rather than the …

White & Summers: Handbook Of The Law Under The Uniform Commercial Code, Ellen A. Peters

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Handbook of the Law Under the Uniform Commercial Code by James J. White and Robert S. Summers