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Articles 241 - 245 of 245
Full-Text Articles in Commercial Law
Franchising Law In The United States Between Theory And Practice: Heads Up For Foreign Investors, Radwa Elsaman
Franchising Law In The United States Between Theory And Practice: Heads Up For Foreign Investors, Radwa Elsaman
Touro Law Review
As a dynamic vehicle for fostering investment opportunities, both domestically and internationally, franchising spans a diverse array of industrial sectors, encompassing both goods and services. The United States plays a highly influential role in global franchise industry promotion, with a vast majority of International Franchise Association members representing American companies. Present data underscores that franchising has extended its reach to virtually every sector of the American economy. Notably, the United States stands among just four common law nations that have established dedicated franchise legislation, operating at both state and federal levels. This framework includes provisions for pre-sale disclosure, registration of …
Rethinking Commercial Law’S Uncertain Boundaries, Steven L. Schwarcz
Rethinking Commercial Law’S Uncertain Boundaries, Steven L. Schwarcz
Faculty Scholarship
Although it is an essential part of business law, commercial law has uncertain boundaries. That uncertainty creates significant legal ambiguities and inconsistencies, confusing lawyers and courts and causing misinterpretations that disrupt commerce and reduce efficiency. This Article hypothesizes and tests possible explanations for the uncertainty, including that commercial law’s development has been path dependent, ad hoc, and lacking well-defined normative purposes. The Article then analyzes what those boundaries should be, arguing that commercial law should cover all business-related transfers of property, subject to exceptions needed to reduce transaction costs and otherwise increase economic efficiency. The Article also compares its proposed …
Innovation Misunderstood, Maurice E. Stucke, Ariel Ezrachi
Innovation Misunderstood, Maurice E. Stucke, Ariel Ezrachi
American University Law Review
Innovation is transformative and key to future prosperity. It is therefore of no surprise that antitrust laws seek to promote it. What is surprising, however, is that despite the central role that innovation occupies in competition cases, its actual treatment by the courts is far from nuanced. In this paper, we reflect on the D.C. Circuit’s 2023 ruling in New York v. Meta to illustrate the prevailing monocular vision adopted by the court in its treatment of innovation. That vision, we argue, reflects simplistic assumptions as to innovation dynamics and mistaken beliefs about the digital economy. It is further compounded …
Artificial Intelligence And Weaponized Illusions: Methodologies For Federal Fraud Prosecutions Involving Deepfakes, Andrew W. Eichner
Artificial Intelligence And Weaponized Illusions: Methodologies For Federal Fraud Prosecutions Involving Deepfakes, Andrew W. Eichner
American University Law Review
Experts in the public and private sectors have vocalized concerns over the potential harms that can be inflicted when artificial intelligence (AI) is used maliciously. As AI technology increases in availability, it will become more accessible to criminal actors and allow for the emergence of new kinds of fraudulent schemes. Deepfakes are highly realistic AI-rendered depictions of individuals that criminals have already used to perpetrate fraud on an international scale. These renderings mimic third parties known to victims, allowing fraudsters to leverage the trust and familiarity of an existing relationship to perpetrate their schemes. The deepfake is used to convince …
Unpatenting Product Hops, Michael S. Sinha
Unpatenting Product Hops, Michael S. Sinha
All Faculty Scholarship
On July 9, 2021, President Joseph R. Biden signed Executive Order 14036 (“Promoting Competition in the American Economy”), which directed the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) to collaborate on new approaches to increasing competition and lowering prices in the pharmaceutical marketplace. In response, the USPTO outlined several new initiatives, among them an intent to improve the robustness and reliability of issued patents.
A major impetus for the Executive Order was the pervasive nature of pharmaceutical product hopping, which occurs when manufacturers introduce new follow-on versions of lucrative pharmaceutical products to the …