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Articles 91 - 120 of 182
Full-Text Articles in Commercial Law
Injunctive Relief: But Let’S Agree Not To Have It?, Kwan Ho Lau
Injunctive Relief: But Let’S Agree Not To Have It?, Kwan Ho Lau
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Theability of parties contractually to limit their right to seek injunctive reliefhas not often been judicially discussed. An interesting case from Singapore nowappears to suggest that this is much more than a theoretical possibility. Somearguments can, however, be made to demonstrate that this is perhaps not thevista of opportunity over which some contract draughtsmen might rejoice, andcare should be taken to ascertain the boundaries of the law, as explained in thisnote.
Solving The Puzzle Of Corporate Governance Of State-Owned Enterprises: The Path Of Temasek Model In Singapore And Lessons For China, Christopher C. H. Chen
Solving The Puzzle Of Corporate Governance Of State-Owned Enterprises: The Path Of Temasek Model In Singapore And Lessons For China, Christopher C. H. Chen
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The purpose of this Article is to examine the corporate governance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in the Asian context by empirically surveying the influence of Temasek Holdings, Singapore’s sovereign wealth fund, on its portfolio of government-linked companies in Singapore. Overall, the Temasek model seems to be a promising one. This Article shows that the top listed government-linked companies in which Temasek has a stake have greater board independence than the other top listed companies in Singapore. This illustrates that a high quality of corporate governance could be aligned with public interests associated with SOEs. While this research offers hope for …
Modernising Company Law: The Singapore Experience, Pey Woan Lee, Christopher C. H. Chen
Modernising Company Law: The Singapore Experience, Pey Woan Lee, Christopher C. H. Chen
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
In October 2014, the Singapore Parliament passed the Companies (Amendment) Act 2014 (Singapore). Encompassing the most comprehensive revision of corporate legislation in the history of Singapore, this Act has been implemented in two phases. This article will consider the impetus for as well as the salient themes that guided this wide-ranging review in the period 2014-2016.
Rationalising Anticipatory Breach In Executed Contracts, Yihan Goh, Man Yip
Rationalising Anticipatory Breach In Executed Contracts, Yihan Goh, Man Yip
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Rationalising the doctrine of anticipatory breach is notoriously difficult. This may explain the complete lack of attempt by the UK Supreme Court to address its conceptual difficulties in its recent judgment in Bunge SA v Nidera BV [2015] UKSC 43; [2015] 3 All E.R. 1082. It is therefore of interest that the Singapore Court of Appeal in The “STX Mumbai” [2015] SGCA 35; [2015] 5 S.L.R. 1 explained why the doctrine of anticipatory breach can be applied to executed contracts (in the sense of being fully executed by the innocent party). Whilst anticipatory breach applies similarly under English law, the …
Corporate Reorganisation Of China’S Listed Companies: Winners And Losers, Zinian Zhang
Corporate Reorganisation Of China’S Listed Companies: Winners And Losers, Zinian Zhang
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This article is the first empirical study investigating the corporate reorganisation of Chinese domestically-listed companies. Through examining these cases, it challenges the assertion made by most of these corporate reorganisation plans and by Chinese state-run media reports that creditors and general public shareholders were the major beneficiaries. Through an analysis of the data generated from all forth-three such cases, this articles reveals that: First, unsecured creditors could have, on average, received 61.37% more of their claims if the fundamental value distribution principle, the absolute priority norm, could have been complied with in these reorganisations; Second, if the general-public-shareholder-protection scheme issued …
The Illegality Defence In Corporate Law Claims Against Directors And Officers, Wai Yee Wan
The Illegality Defence In Corporate Law Claims Against Directors And Officers, Wai Yee Wan
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
If a company incurs substantial fines or other pecuniary losses as a result of its unlawful conduct, can the company obtain an indemnity from its director/officer for having caused the company to incur such fines and losses? In particular, can the director/officer utilise the defence of illegality, notwithstanding that he has breached his duties owed to the company? The illegality defence, which raises the twin issues of the relationship between the unlawful act to the corporate claim and the attribution of the unlawful act to the company, has been the subject of detailed analysis recently in England, Singapore and Hong …
Corporate Reorganisation Of China's Listed Companies: Winners And Losers, Zinian Zhang
Corporate Reorganisation Of China's Listed Companies: Winners And Losers, Zinian Zhang
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This article is the first empirical study investigating the corporate reorganisation of Chinese domestically-listed companies. Through examining these cases, it challenges the assertion made by most of these corporate reorganisation plans and by Chinese state-run media reports that creditors and general public shareholders were the major beneficiaries. Through an analysis of the data generated from all forth-three such cases, this articles reveals that: First, unsecured creditors could have, on average, received 61.37% more of their claims if the fundamental value distribution principle, the absolute priority norm, could have been complied with in these reorganisations; Second, if the general-public-shareholder-protection scheme issued …
Unpacking The Compensatory Principle: Causation, Mitigation, Certainty Of Loss And Remoteness: The Mtm Hong Kong, Yihan Goh, Man Yip
Unpacking The Compensatory Principle: Causation, Mitigation, Certainty Of Loss And Remoteness: The Mtm Hong Kong, Yihan Goh, Man Yip
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The High Court decision of Louis Dreyfus Commodities Suisse SA v MT Maritime Management BV (The MTM Hong Kong) affirms that the compensatory principle mandates the assessment of actual loss resulting from the breach of a charterparty. Owing to the unexpected delay in obtaining a substitute charter after the original charterers had repudiated the charterparty. The MTM Hong Kong raised a previously unconsidered issue: is the court allowed to take into account the vessel owners’ losses occurring after the date that the charter voyage would have been completed? Under the Smith v McGuire measure of compensation, an owner is conventionally …
Lawrence V Fen Tigers: Controversies And Clarifications In The Law Of Nuisance, Kee Yang Low
Lawrence V Fen Tigers: Controversies And Clarifications In The Law Of Nuisance, Kee Yang Low
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The law of nuisance is an area which is fraught with difficulties. In Lawrence v Fen Tigers [2014] 2 WLR 433, the UK Supreme Court dealt with several of these issues, in particular the relevance of planning permission and when damages should be granted in lieu of an injunction. This comment examines the decision and its implications.
Amendments To The Companies Act – Audit Exemption For Small Companies, Pey Woan Lee
Amendments To The Companies Act – Audit Exemption For Small Companies, Pey Woan Lee
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The first phase of legislative amendments introduced by the Companies (Amendment) Act 2014 took effect on 1 July 2015. Of these amendments, the most significant is arguably the introduction of the “small company”, which replaces the exempt private company for purposes of audit exemption. This article considers the features of this new regime and illustrates its application to existing as well as new companies.
Restitution [2014], Man Yip
Restitution [2014], Man Yip
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
No abstract provided.
The Oppression Remedy: Clarifications On Boundaries, Pearlie M. C. Koh
The Oppression Remedy: Clarifications On Boundaries, Pearlie M. C. Koh
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The impetus behind the introduction of the statutory provision was the perceived need to protect the vulnerable minority shareholder against the unfair manipulation of the majority rule. Its raison d’être is clearly personal. And, as it is an important tool in the minority shareholder's arsenal, it is necessary that the scope of its application be sufficiently wide. The provision is therefore couched in expansive terms. This has led to questions being raised as to the scope of its application. Specifically, can a shareholder attempt to vindicate corporate claims through the provision? This short paper considers this issue against the background …
Restitution [2014], Man Yip
Restitution [2014], Man Yip
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
No abstract provided.
Good Faith: Helping Commercial Parties Or Creating An Unnecessary Burden?, Ee-Ing Ong
Good Faith: Helping Commercial Parties Or Creating An Unnecessary Burden?, Ee-Ing Ong
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
One of the challenges facing Asian legal systems in the coming years is whether the courts should impose a general duty of good faith in contracts. The doctrine of good faith has been making inroads in various common law jurisdictions, most recently in Canada where the Supreme Court held in Bhasin v. Hrynew, 2014 SCC 71 that there was a duty of honest performance in all contracts. The idea behind imposing a duty of good faith in all contracts is to ensure that parties essentially “play fair” in contract negotiations and/or performance. However, is such a duty really necessary for …
Does The Obligation To Obtain The Consent Of A Third Party Extend To Taking Further Steps After Rejection?, Yihan Goh
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The question posed in the Court of Appeal case of The One Suites Pte Ltd v Pacific Motor Credit (Pte) Ltd [2015] SGCA 21 (“The One Suites”) was whether an obligation to use all reasonable endeavours to obtain the consent of a third party extends to taking further steps after the third party had refused to give such consent. To this, the Court, with Andrew Phang Boon Leong JA writing its grounds of decision, answered, “it depends but largely no”. More precisely, the Court said that while there almost invariably will be an implied obligation to use all reasonable endeavours …
Bilateral Investment Treaty Interpretation: An Internationalist Spirit Tempered By Context: Government Of The Laos People’S Democratic Republic V Sanum Investments Ltd, Mahdev Mohan
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This commentary discusses the first Singapore court decision to have interpreted a BIT to which Singapore is not a party. The case concerns a dispute between the Laos People’s Democratic Republic (“Laos”) and Sanum Investments Limited (“Sanum”), a company in corporated in Macau. The Court had to determine whether a bilateral investment treaty (“BIT”) between Laos and the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC-Laos BIT”) extended to Macau, which was handed over to China after the conclusion of the treaty. The Court concluded that neither the PRC nor Laos had intended for the treaty to apply to Macau. Further, the …
Directors’ Defence Of Reliance On Professional Advisers Under Anglo-Australian Law, Wai Yee Wan
Directors’ Defence Of Reliance On Professional Advisers Under Anglo-Australian Law, Wai Yee Wan
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This paper analyses the issue of whether directors may use reliance on professional advice as a defence to a claim for breach of duty to exercise care, skill and diligence under common law or companies legislation in England and Australia. While England and Australia share the same common law tradition and have similar statutory provisions on the standard of care of directors, an English court generally regards a director as acting reasonably when he seeks advice from a qualified and independent professional adviser in a specialist matter within his expertise. In the absence of any conflict of interest, reliance is …
Taking Stock Of The Change Of Position Defence, Hang Wu Tang
Taking Stock Of The Change Of Position Defence, Hang Wu Tang
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The change of position defence is a developing doctrine and debate continues as to its true rationale and various facets of the defence remain unclear. Many issues surrounding the following two fundamental questions await clarifications from the courts: (a) What constitutes change of position? (b) What kind of conduct disqualifies a person from relying on the change of position defence? This article attempts to map out the contours of the debate which would hopefully be useful in framing the debate when this matter next comes before the courts.
Case Comment: Golden Season Pte Ltd And Others V Kairos Singapore Holdings Pte Ltd And Another [2015] Sghc 38, Gary Kok Yew Chan
Case Comment: Golden Season Pte Ltd And Others V Kairos Singapore Holdings Pte Ltd And Another [2015] Sghc 38, Gary Kok Yew Chan
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This 111-page judgement has highlighted a number of significant points of law relating to the treatment of Facebook postings, emails and SMS texts in the tort of defamation. They relate primarily to the legal requirements of establishing defamatory meaning, reference to the plaintiff and defences. In addition, the case examines the awards of general and special damages as well as the viability of awarding aggravated damages to corporate plaintiffs. Apart from the plaintiff’s actions in defamation and malicious falsehood, the defendant successfully counterclaimed for copyright infringement but failed in the action based on passing off. This brief case comment focuses …
Is A Contractual Clause Excluding A Right Of Set-Off Subject To The Requirement Of Reasonableness In The Unfair Contract Terms Act?, Yihan Goh
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The Court of Appeal in Koh Lin Yee v Terrestrial Pte Ltd [2015] SGCA 6 (“Koh Lin Yee”) has decided that a contractual clause excluding a right of set-off is subject to the requirement of reasonableness in the Unfair Contract Terms Act (Cap 396, 1994 Rev Ed) (“UCTA”). In doing so, it also laid down some general guiding principles relating to the application of the UCTA, namely, when a party is considered to be dealing “as consumer” under s 12(1), when a contract contains standard terms of business under s 3(1) and the application of the requirement of …
Equity And Trusts [2014], Hang Wu Tang
Equity And Trusts [2014], Hang Wu Tang
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
No abstract provided.
Equity And Trusts [2014], Hang Wu Tang
Equity And Trusts [2014], Hang Wu Tang
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
No abstract provided.
Alternative Investment Markets Under Criticism: Reasons To Be Worried? Lessons From Gowex, Aurelio Gurrea-Martinez
Alternative Investment Markets Under Criticism: Reasons To Be Worried? Lessons From Gowex, Aurelio Gurrea-Martinez
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The recent financial scandal of Gowex in the Spanish Alternative Investment Market (MAB) has reopened the debate about the dangers of lightly regulated markets and their optimal level of regulation. This article argues that Gowex’s collapse was not a failure of these markets but a failure of the gatekeepers in charge of overseeing Gowex’s activities. Therefore, we propose that regulators should focus on providing mechanisms to encourage gatekeepers to do their work in an effective and credible way. Namely, we propose that regulators should enhance the role and effectiveness of Nominated Advisers, since these players have been created precisely for …
Contract Law Update 2014, Yihan Goh
Contract Law Update 2014, Yihan Goh
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
With the end of 2014 almost upon us, it is apposite to take stock of the more important developments in Singapore contract law in the year. This entry examines four cases that straddle important developments across various fields in contract law, namely, formation, terms, breach and illegality. In each case, it can be seen that the Singapore courts are anxious to consolidate existing law, and to chart new courses where relevant and appropriate.
Corporate Claims Against Director For Paying Bribes On Company's Behalf: Ho Kang Peng V Scintronix (Formerly Ttl Holdings), Wai Yee Wan
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
Can a company recover the value of the bribe from a director who has paid the bribe, on behalf of the company, to a third party to secure certain benefits for the company, and where it is not alleged that the director had personally benefitted from the bribe? This question raises several complex issues relating to directors’ standard of care, corporate authorisation and corporate illegality, which were considered by the recent decision of the Singapore Court of Appeal in Ho Kang Peng v Scintronix Corp (formerly known as TTL Holdings).
Default Standards For Non-Absolute Obligation Clauses: Ks Energy V Br Energy Electricity Generation V Woodside Energy, Man Yip, Yihan Goh
Default Standards For Non-Absolute Obligation Clauses: Ks Energy V Br Energy Electricity Generation V Woodside Energy, Man Yip, Yihan Goh
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
A “reasonable endeavours” undertaking, and its variants, are common features of commercial contracts. These clauses might be inserted into agreements to balance the interests of the parties where the achievement of the contractual object involves conditions beyond the obligor’s control, for example, the procurement of a third party’s performance. Equally common is the insertion of these clauses into contracts to resolve a negotiation stalemate where one party refuses to promise the absolute achievement of the contractual objective.
Restitution Of Mistaken Enrichment Under Section 73 Of Malaysia's Contracts Act 1950: Pouring New Wine Into An Old Bottle?, Alvin W. L. See
Restitution Of Mistaken Enrichment Under Section 73 Of Malaysia's Contracts Act 1950: Pouring New Wine Into An Old Bottle?, Alvin W. L. See
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This article makes two main suggestions regarding the interpretation of s 73 of Malaysia's Contracts Act 1950, which sets out the right to recover a mistaken enrichment. The first suggestion is that the courts should have regard to the historical background against which the section was enacted, especially because the pre-enactment common law was a historical curiosity. This will dispel certain misconceptions about the nature of the statutory right by shedding light on its supposed affinity with contract and its relationship with the obsolete forms of action and the principle of unjust enrichment. The second suggestion is that the content …
The Law Of Guarantees: Balancing The Interests Of The Parties, John Phillips, Michelle Chen
The Law Of Guarantees: Balancing The Interests Of The Parties, John Phillips, Michelle Chen
2013 Jones Day Professorship of Commercial Law Lecture
The guarantor has often been viewed as being in a vulnerable position, deserving of the law's protection. Certainly there need to be legal mechanisms to protect the guarantor’s interests. But this presentation also argues that some aspects of the law of guarantees, as well as some relevant contractual principles, operate unfairly against the interests of lenders and others who seek to enforce a contract of guarantee. An analysis will be made of some of the defences that may be raised by guarantors, for example, as a result of circumstances surrounding the execution of the guarantee, or upon a restructuring arrangement. …
Judicial Inactivitism In Protecting Financial Consumer Against Predatory Sale Of Retail Structured Products: A Reflection From Retail Structured Notes Lawsuits In Taiwan, Chao-Hung Chen
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
This article analyzes 310 structured note lawsuits in Taiwan between 2000 and 2013 to examine courts’ attitude in dealing with claims of misselling retail structured notes. We find that courts were generally not favorable to retail investors. This provides a contrast with the financial regulator’s efforts to improve financial consumer protection since 2008. By examining plaintiffs’ key arguments and courts’ rulings, we find that it was difficult for investors to fulfill their burden of proof and courts were reluctant to award remedies when investors did sign on a contractual document confirming his knowledge on a few matters. While regulators are …
Agency And Partnership Law [2013], Pearlie M. C. Koh, Stephen Noel Henry Bull
Agency And Partnership Law [2013], Pearlie M. C. Koh, Stephen Noel Henry Bull
Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law
The laws relating to the creation of an agency, implied authority, holding out and apparent authority, duties of the agent in relation to Agency law are discussed. The laws relating to partnership law and issues such as relationship of partners to third parties, relationships of partners between themselves and capacity to be a partner are highlighted.