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United States V. Mississippi (P. 597-606), United States. Supreme Court

United States v. Mississippi Interrogatory Answers

The factual basis for the complaint that the proposed amendment to section 244 of the 1890 Mississippi Constitution was designed to perpetuate white political supremacy.

United States V. Mississippi (P. 563-596), United States. Supreme Court

United States v. Mississippi Interrogatory Answers

The factual basis for assertions that between 1899 and 1952 African Americans were not allowed to vote, that literate African Americans were required to interpret sections of the Mississippi constitution, and that African Americans were excluded from Democratic primary elections.

United States V. Mississippi (P. 710-1275), United States. Supreme Court

United States v. Mississippi Interrogatory Answers

Factual basis for allegation that since 1890 Mississippi has maintained and promoted white political supremacy and a racially segregated society; sections are divided both by the methods and by county and focus exclusively on voting; includes experiences of African Americans who tried to vote in Mississippi prior to 1955 followed by specific instances between 1955 and 1963 when African Americans were denied voting privileges because they did not interpret the Constitution to the satisfaction of the registrar; includes examples of voting applications by white registrants with unreasonable interpretations of the state constitution.

United States V. Mississippi (P. 607-614), United States. Supreme Court

United States v. Mississippi Interrogatory Answers

The factual basis for the assertion that the 1960 amendment to the 1890 Mississippi Constitution (any person registering to vote after the effective date of the law should be of good moral character) was designed to prevent African Americans from voting while exempting white citizens from the requirement.

United States V. Mississippi (P. 389-527), United States. Supreme Court

United States v. Mississippi Interrogatory Answers

Statistical analysis of census, registration, and voting data in Mississippi with regards to race between 1890 and 1962.

United States V. Mississippi (P. 528-556), United States. Supreme Court

United States v. Mississippi Interrogatory Answers

The basis for the allegation that the purpose of the 1890 Mississippi Constitution was to restrict African American franchise.

Constitutional Law - Civil Rights, Frank Regan Nerone, John W. Latella

Duquesne Law Review

Public Accommodations Under the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States, 85 Sup. Ct. 348 (1964).

Religious Accommodation Under Sherbert V. Verner: The Common Sense Of The Matter, Richard H. Zainboldi

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.

Fifth Circuit Relies On Administrative Standards In School Desegregation Cases--Singleton V. Jackson Municipal Separate School District, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

On June 22, 1965, the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit entered an order requiring the Jackson, Mississippi, Municipal Separate School District to submit a plan for the total desegregation of the district, and specifically requiring that at least four grades be desegregated in the school year 1965-1966. In reaching its decision, the court gave "great weight" to the standards used by the Office of Education of the United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) to determine whether schools qualify for federal financial assistance. The court reasoned that since the objectives of both the judiciary and the …

Exclusion And Expulsion From Non-Profit Organizations - The Civil Rights Aspect, Robert S. Pasley

Cleveland State Law Review

To what extent do voluntary non-profit associations have the right (a) to deny admission to membership, and (b) to expel existing members? Space does not permit discussion of all the ramifications of these two questions and some limitation of scope becomes necessary. The theme selected has been the "civil rights" aspect of the problem; more specifically, the right, in certain areas, to be protected against racial and religious discrimination, and the privilege to exercise the ordinary rights of citizenship, such as the right of free speech, of petition, of voting, of resort to the courts, and to employment.

Human Rights In South Africa, John T. Baker

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

Flyer: Naacp List Of Grievances.

Textual material from the Rodney Lawrence Hurst, Sr. Papers

NAACP list of exclusionary and segregationist grievances. Circa 1957-1965. Folder 2

First Class Municipality--Adequate Police Power To Enact A Penal Civil Rights Ordinance, Fred G. Karem

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Poll Tax: Its Impact On Racial Suffrage, John Lackey

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

A Supplementary State Civil Rights Act, Robert E. Rodes

Journal Articles

Under the following statute, civil rights groups, with the approval of the state civil rights commission, may enter into agreements with employers, labor organizations, school authorities, or other public or private agencies, for a direct attack on de facto segregation through a deliberate mixing of races in a desired proportion. Professor Rodes characterizes his draft as "a suggestion for controlled concessions to the principle of direct mixing of the races" in such a manner as to be "philosophically consistent with an ultimate commitment to a society in which racial considerations play no part."

Gideon's Army: Student Soldiers, Henry Paul Monaghan

Faculty Scholarship

Ours is a nation that takes great pride in the manner in which it administers justice to its citizens. To us, "equal justice under law" is not simply hollow rhetoric; it gives expression to some of our most fundamental values, and it proclaims that every man should be treated fairly and equally in the administration of the laws. It is, of course, of no small moment that we hold such an ideal, for a nation invites judgment on how well its performance comports with its professions of faith.

In the administration of our laws there is much to which we …

Some Comments On The Reapportionment Cases, Paul G. Kauper

Michigan Law Review

Any appraisal of the Supreme Court's decisions in the legislative reapportionment cases must necessarily distinguish between the basic policy ingredients and social consequences of the decisions on the one hand, and the question whether the results were reached by a proper exercise of judicial power on the other. Respecting the first of these considerations, I have no difficulty identifying the social advantages accruing from these decisions. Because of the stress on the population principle, the decisions will afford a greater voice to urban interests, will make the legislative process more responsive to current needs of particular concern to urban dwellers, …

Congressional Apportionment: The Unproductive Search For Standards And Remedies, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

The increasingly complex problems of elucidating congressional apportionment standards and granting appropriate relief when voting rights have been materially diluted were again brought to the fore in the recent districting decision of Calkins v. Hare. This federal district court decision is illustrative of the uncertainty caused by the Supreme Court's opinion in the landmark case of Wesberry v. Sanders. Although Wesberry resolved two previously contested issues by ruling that congressional apportionment disputes are susceptible of judicial determination and by setting a standard of population equality in delimiting districts, two associated questions were left unanswered. First, even though Wesberry …

Reapportionment In The Supreme Court And Congress: Constitutional Struggle For Fair Representation, Robert G. Dixon Jr.

Michigan Law Review

Fair representation is the ultimate goal. At the time of the Reapportionment Decisions, much change was overdue in some states, and at least some change was overdue in most states. We are a democratic people and our institutions presuppose according population a dominant role in formulas of representation. However, by its exclusive focus on bare numbers, the Court may have transformed one of the most intricate, fascinating, and elusive problems of democracy into a simple exercise of applying elementary arithmetic to census data. In so doing, the Court may have disabled itself from effectively considering the more subtle issues …

The Powers Of The Michigan Civil Rights Commission, Roger C. Cramton

Michigan Law Review

The thesis of this article is that the Attorney General has misread the language and actions of the constitution-makers. The Michigan Civil Rights Commission is an important and powerful agency of government which has substantial tasks to perform. But it does not possess the exclusive powers envisioned by the Attorney General. Other governmental units-the legislature, the executive, the courts, and the local governments-may continue to play a creative and positive role in fashioning a legal order that accords to every human being in society a reasonable opportunity to realize his potentialities.

Hyneman: The Supreme Court On Trial, William W. Van Alstyne

Michigan Law Review

A Review of The Supreme Court on Trial. By Charles S. Hyneman

Public Control Of Private Sectarian Institutions Receiving Public Funds, Richard B. Rogers

Michigan Law Review

This comment will examine the recent judicial and legislative developments which could result in federal controls limiting religious practices in private sectarian educational and welfare institutions.

The Powers Of The Michigan Civil Rights Commission, Roger C. Cramton

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Recent Cases, Law Review Staff

Vanderbilt Law Review

Antitrust Law--Violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Act by Joint Venture

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Civil Rights--Anti-discrimination Law as a Vehicle for a Private Civil Action

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Condemnation--Landowner Cannot Recover From Federal Government for Damages Caused Before Date of Taking Where Government Did Not Previously Contemplate, Condemning Property

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Constitutional Law--Loss of Nationality--Foreign Residency Statute Held Violative of Due Process

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Constitutional Law--Reapportionment--Both Houses of a State Legislature Must Be Based as Nearly as Is Practicable on Population

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Constitutional Law--Twenty-first Amendment--Scope of State Power Over Intoxicants Moving Within Its Borders

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Evidence--Statutory Presumptions--Reasonableness Is Implicit in Test of Rational Connection

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From Seisin To Sit-In: Evolving Property Concepts, Neil S. Hecht

Faculty Scholarship

On June 17, 1960, twelve Negro college students entered a restaurant in Baltimore, Maryland. The manager approached and informed them of the restaurant's policy not to serve Negroes. Disregarding the manager, the young men sat down at tables and waited for service. The manager again asked them to leave, but they remained quietly seated. A police officer was summoned and, in his presence, the manager requested the Negroes to leave. They refused to answer and remained in their places. Thereupon they were arrested and indicted under a Maryland statute which, as interpreted by the Maryland Court of Appeals, made it …

State Action, State Law, And The Private Hospital, Mary Mandana Long

Michigan Law Review

On March 2, 1964, the United States Supreme Court denied a petition to review by certiorari the decision in Simkins v. Moses H. Cone Memorial Hosp. By declining to review the case the Supreme Court left unaffected the holding of the Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit that two private hospitals which had participated in the Hill-Burton program of federal hospital assistance were sufficiently involved with governmental action, both state and federal, to bring their conduct within the fifth and fourteenth amendment prohibitions against racial discrimination. This decision will probably affect all of the 3,346 private, non-profit hospitals in …

Constitutional Law--State Action Under Hill-Burton Act, Charles M. Love Iii

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Law -- 1963 Tennessee Survey, James C. Kirby, Jr.

Vanderbilt Law Review

A 1963 survey of Tennessee cases having to do with various issues of constitutional law, including legislative apportionment, desegregation, equal protection and due process.

A Critique Of "The Constitution And Job Discrimination", Jerre S. Williams

Washington Law Review

Let this comment on Dean Countryman's article begin with a statement of those portions of his analysis with which the writer is in complete agreement. First, as a matter of general constitutional approach, I agree with his opposition to the assertion that there are ascertainable "neutral principles" of constitutional law. It seems inescapable to me that neutrality or lack thereof is in the eye of the beholder.

The Constitution And Job Discrimination, Vern Countryman

Washington Law Review

I should perhaps state the assumptions from which my discussion proceeds. I view discrimination on the basis of race, color, national origin or creed as an intolerable practice and a mockery of our national aspirations whether it occurs in the field of employment or elsewhere. The continuation of such practices more than 100 years after the Emanicipation Proclamation seems to me a national disgrace whose elimination cannot longer await the general enlightenment of all parts of the nation. The full powers of government should be brought to bear against such discriminatory practices. And in my search for the most effective …