Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons^™

Rights And Rules: An Overview, Matthew D. Adler, Michael C. Dorf

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Panel Remarks Civil Rights Division Association Symposium: The Civil Rights Division At Forty, Michael A. Middleton

Faculty Publications

Welcome to all of you to the second of our Symposia. This is the fortieth year of the Civil Rights Division. Our focus this morning will be the Division's past and where it should be going in the future.

Anatomy Of An Affirmative Duty To Protect: 42 U.S.C. Section 1986, Linda E. Fisher

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Mirabile Dictum! The Case For 'Unnecessary' Constitutional Rulings In Civil Rights Damages Actions, John M. Greabe

Law Faculty Scholarship

This article contends that, for purposes of settling the law, courts entertaining civil rights lawsuits doomed to fail on grounds of qualified immunity should presumably address the question whether the complaint pleads a viable claim that the defendant caused a violation of the plaintiff's federal rights. The article also contends that such "unnecessary" threshold rulings are not dicta.

Balancing Efficiency And Justice: In Support Of The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission's Policy Statement Regarding Mandatory Arbitration And Employment Contracts , Gina K. Janeiro

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

The Imposition Of The Death Penalty In The United States Of America: Does It Comply With International Norms?, Beverly Mcqueary Smith

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Thirteen Stories, Anthony Paul Farley

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

53 Years In The Struggle For Equal Rights: An African-American Jurist's Life In The Law (Equal Justice Under The Law: An Autobiography By Constance Baker Motley), Lancelot B. Hewitt

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Hanging With The Wrong Crowd: Of Gangs, Terrorists, And The Right Of Association, David Cole

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Part I will sketch the current contours of the right of association, a right limited to "expressive" and "intimate" association, and will describe the government's attempts to extend this categorical approach by limiting associational protection still further to membership per se. Part II will argue that the Court's limitation of associational rights to expressive and intimate associations and the government's attempt to distinguish association from conduct are unworkable, inconsistent with the Court's own precedents, and fail to reflect the normative reasons for protecting the right of association. Part III will offer an alternative framework for addressing the right of association, …

Supervisory Liability In Section 1983 Cases, Kit Kinports

Faculty Scholarship

The topic of this presentation is supervisory liability in Section 1983 cases. Assume for present purposes that a plaintiff's constitutional rights have been violated - that some state official has acted in violation of the Constitution. The question to be addressed here is whether that state official's supervisors can be held liable for damages stemming from the constitutional violation.

The Past, Present And Future Of Title Vi Of The Civil Rights Act As A Tool Of Environmental Justice, Michael B. Gerrard, Nicholas Johnson, Peggy Shepard, Melva J. Hayden, Sheila Foster, Elizabeth Georges

Faculty Scholarship

Mr. Michael Gerrard: I am going to try to do something a little unconventional. After hearing some remarks from Professor Johnson, I will try to start a dialogue. I have been requested to ask very tough questions of our panelists, so I will do that in the hope of drawing all of you in the audience into the dialogue. First, we will hear some remarks from Professor Nicholas Johnson of Fordham University School of Law.

Integrating Gender Into Legal Education: Obstacles And Challenges, Leonor Vain

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

Leveling The Playing Field: Reforming The Office For Civil Rights To Achieve Better Title Ix Enforcement, Sudha Setty

Faculty Scholarship

In this Article the Author discusses improving Title IX compliance in athletic programs by reforming the Office for Civil Rights ("OCR"), the agency within the Department of Education responsible for Title IX enforcement. The Author addresses several problem areas within OCR's procedures, including OCR's approach toward student grievances, its standards for assessing alleged Title IX violations, and its inadequate monitoring and enforcement of institutions in violation of Title IX.

Part I introduces the history of Title IX. Part II describes the legislation and regulations that mandate gender equity in educational institutions. Part III summarizes the case law that has affected …

Why Judicial Reversal Of Apartheid Made A Difference, William A. Fischel

Vanderbilt Law Review

Did Buchanan v. Warley' have any practical effect on the economic well-being of black Americans? Michael Klarman argues that it did not, since the enforcement of racial segregation proceeded along other lines, such as regular zoning, racial covenants, informal discrimination, and unofficial violence. David Bernstein disagrees in part with Kiarman's conclusion. He argues that Buchanan v. Warley effectively made more housing available to blacks in urban areas, even if it did not promote racial integration.

I second Bernstein's conclusion by putting Buchanan in the context of the urban-economics theory of housing segregation. Because Buchanan helped blacks gain a foothold, albeit …

Race And The Court In The Progressive Era, Michael J. Klarman

Vanderbilt Law Review

In the second decade of the twentieth century, the Supreme Court decided four prominent (groups of) cases involving race. On each occasion, the civil rights claim won in some significant sense. One set of cases involved so-called peonage legislation-laws that coerced (primarily) black labor. In Bailey v. Alabama, the Court invalidated under the federal Peonage Act of 18672 and the Thirteenth Amendment an Alabama law making it a crime to enter, with fraudulent intent, into a labor contract that provided for advance payment of wages; the law made breach of the contract prima facie evidence of fraudulent intent, and Alabama …

The Arbitral Imperative In Labor & Employment Law, Roberto L. Corrada

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

For the better part of this decade, labor law scholars have turned their attention increasingly to labor law reform. And for good reason. Private sector unionization has fallen from a high of forty percent in the mid-1950s to a low of about eleven percent today. Many reasons—ranging from employer resistance to unionization to union inability to organize in the Sunbelt—explain this decline. Some scholars even suggest that a critical factor has been the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, whose amendments to the Wagner Act, it is argued, have erected insurmountable barriers to unionization and collective bargaining.

After fifty years, it seems …

Employment Discrimination And Presidential Immunity Cases, Eileen Kaufman

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Foreword (Symposium: Finding A Path To Gender Equality: Legal And Policy Issues Raised By All-Female Public Education), Nadine Strossen

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Playing Race Cards: Constructing A Proactive Defense Of Affirmative Action, Kimberlé W. Crenshaw

Faculty Scholarship

On behalf of the African American Policy Forum ("AAPF"), I am pleased to participate in this symposium as a co-sponsor and contributor. The AAPF, who together with Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR) and the Women's Roundtable constitute the Women's Media Initiative, believes that events such as these are critical in efforts to map strategies for intervening in public debates surrounding affirmative action and a host of related issues such as welfare reform, racial profiling, the prison industrial complex, and the concentration of wealth, just to name a few. As one of many organizations that have taken up the defense …

Subtracting Sexism From The Classroom: Law And Policy In The Debate Over All-Female Math And Science Classes In Public Schools, Carolyn B. Ramsey

Publications

No abstract provided.

The Current Assault On Constitutional Rights And Civil Liberties: Origins And Approaches, Nadine Strossen

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Que, Ya No Hablan Ingles En Este Pais?: A Look At The Constitutionality Of English Only Provisions Under The Free Speech Clause Of The First Amendment, John J. Louizos

Washington and Lee Journal of Civil Rights and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Government Lawyers And Their Private “Clients” Under The Fair Housing Act, Eugene R. Gaetke, Robert G. Schwemm

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

In strengthening enforcement of the federal Fair Housing Act, Congress in the 1988 Fair Housing Amendments Act ("FHAA") authorized government lawyers from the Justice Department, the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and state and local civil rights agencies to prosecute cases "on behalf of” persons aggrieved by housing discrimination. This new enforcement scheme has led to a heightened level of administrative complaints and litigated cases in which government lawyers are put in the potentially difficult position of having to represent both their agency and private complainants.

The "triangular" relationships created by the FHAA between government lawyers and their public …

Race, Redistricting And A Republican Poll Tax: The Supreme Court's Voting Rights Decisions Of The 1995-96 Term, Frank Parker

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

Environmental Inequity: Economic Causes, Economic Solutions, Thom Lambert, Christopher Boerner

Faculty Publications

The article examines one such shortcoming: namely, that existing research fails to account for the dynamic nature of the housing market. Analyzing data from the St. Louis metropolitan area, this study finds that economic factors--not siting discrimination--are behind many claims of environmental racism. This phenomenon suggests the need to develop public policies that fit the economic nature of the problem. In particular, a policy that compensates individuals living near industrial sites is the key to securing environmental justice.

An Overview Of The Arkansas Civil Rights Act Of 1993, Theresa M. Beiner

Law Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Disparate Effects In The Criminal Justice System: A Response To Randall Kennedy's Comment And Its Legacy, Janai S. Nelson

Faculty Publications

For many African Americans, the criminal justice system symbolizes an oppressive force, and yet, is a necessary institution in an increasingly lawless society. African Americans are at the same time its victims and beneficiaries, although various sentiments exist regarding the extent to which they are either. It is precisely this paradox, coupled with the promulgation of certain criminal legislation and legal precedent which directly and, potentially, adversely affect the African-American community that inspired the author to address the issues and arguments raised in Randall Kennedy's The State, Criminal Law, and Racial Discrimination: A Comment, 107 Harv. L. Rev. 1255 (1994), …

Bucking Up Buckley Ii: Using Civil Rights Claims To Enforce The Federal Student Records Statute, Lynn M. Daggett

Seattle University Law Review

This Article explores enforcement of Buckley and, in particular, the possibilities of using Section 1983 claims for this purpose. It concludes that Section 1983 claims have only limited potential, under narrowly defined circumstances, as a remedy for Buckley violations. Part I of this Article summarizes Buckley's substantive provisions; a comprehensive review is available in a companion article. Part II reviews enforcement of Buckley, other than through Section 1983 claims. Specifically, Part II examines the statute's two enforcement mechanisms as well as the potential of state law tort claims to enforce Buckley and the indirect enforcement mechanism of workplace discipline of …

Beyond Admissions: Racial Equality In Law Schools, Sharon E. Rush

UF Law Faculty Publications

Beginning with a discussion of the United States Supreme Court’s decision in McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, this article discusses the meaning of “integration.” In McLaurin, the University of Oklahoma was forced to abandon its segregation policy and not separate black students from their white classmates in all settings (not just the classroom). The McLaurin decision raised the fundamental questions: "What is integration?" and "How is integration related to racial equality?" Significantly, the McLaurin Court clarifies that equality is premised on integration and that integration means more than just having a presence in an institution. …

Protecting Rights And Promoting Democracy: Judicial Review Under Section 1 Of The Charter, Martha Jackman

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

The author argues that, under section 1 of the Charter, the courts must weigh carefully the democratic potential of rights guarantees against the democratic quality of government decisions which undermine those rights. The article points to the Egan and Eldridge cases as examples of decisions in which the willingness to uphold rights violations under section 1, in the name of deference to the legislature, actually undermines democratic values. The article examines the RIR-MacDonald decision as a starting point for a section 1 analysis which identifies the characteristics of government decisionmaking that must be present if rights violations are to be …