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Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons™

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2006

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Articles 211 - 240 of 361

Full-Text Articles in Civil Rights and Discrimination

Put Me In Coach!: Title Ix Has Taken Female Athletes Off Of The Sidelines And Into The Game, But How Can Current Progress Be Advanced In The Future?, Jennifer Passannante Jan 2006

Put Me In Coach!: Title Ix Has Taken Female Athletes Off Of The Sidelines And Into The Game, But How Can Current Progress Be Advanced In The Future?, Jennifer Passannante

Women’s Law Forum (2000-2006)

Title IX was originally promulgated to establish equal opportunity for both men and women in federally funded programs. Although it was originally enacted for much broader purposes, Title IX is still considered the single most important piece of legislation promoting equal opportunities for females in interscholastic and intercollegiate athletics. Unfortunately, despite Title IX, women still lag behind men in nearly "every measure of collegiate athletic equality." This article will focus specifically on Title IX's progress to date in creating athletic opportunities for women, its inadvertent consequences affecting male athletes, and means of achieving increased success in the future. Part II …


Casenote: Turn To Face The Change: The Sixth Circuit Court Of Appeals Requires Michigan High School Athletic Association To Change Scheduling Practices Because Of Gender Discrimination In Communities For Equity V. Michigan High School Athletic Ass’N., Inc, Ryan Fandetti Jan 2006

Casenote: Turn To Face The Change: The Sixth Circuit Court Of Appeals Requires Michigan High School Athletic Association To Change Scheduling Practices Because Of Gender Discrimination In Communities For Equity V. Michigan High School Athletic Ass’N., Inc, Ryan Fandetti

Women’s Law Forum (2000-2006)

Recently, there has been an array of legal challenges to the scheduling of sports seasons by high school athletic associations. These challenges are based on the argument that traditional schedules discriminate based upon gender. One particular legal battle concerning athletic scheduling is currently being fought in Michigan in Equity v. Michigan High School Athletic Ass’n., Inc, 377 F.3d 504 (6th Cir., 2004). This note will track their legal battle over the sports seasons in Michigan, and critique the recent Sixth Circuit decision affirming a district court ruling for CFE. Part two of this note will focus on the facts of …


Introduction, Elijah E. Cummings Jan 2006

Introduction, Elijah E. Cummings

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


Human Experimentation In Developing Countries: Improving International Practices By Identifying Vulnerable Populations And Allocating Fair Benefits, Kristen Farrell Jan 2006

Human Experimentation In Developing Countries: Improving International Practices By Identifying Vulnerable Populations And Allocating Fair Benefits, Kristen Farrell

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


Legislative Updates, Eriade Hunter Jan 2006

Legislative Updates, Eriade Hunter

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


Conference Highlight-Rising Star Award: Commentary , Lydia Edwards Jan 2006

Conference Highlight-Rising Star Award: Commentary , Lydia Edwards

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


The Suffocation Of Free Speech Due To The "Gravity Of Danger" Of Terrorism, Tim Davis Jan 2006

The Suffocation Of Free Speech Due To The "Gravity Of Danger" Of Terrorism, Tim Davis

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


Reexamining The Gender Implications Of Campaign Finance Reform: How Higher Ceilings On Individual Donations Disproportionately Impact Female Candidates, Ashley Baker Jan 2006

Reexamining The Gender Implications Of Campaign Finance Reform: How Higher Ceilings On Individual Donations Disproportionately Impact Female Candidates, Ashley Baker

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


Arab Stereotyping: A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective, Rachel Saloom Jan 2006

Arab Stereotyping: A Multi-Disciplinary Perspective, Rachel Saloom

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


The Right To Say No To Discrimination: A Commentary On Rumsfeld V. Fair, Zachary Wolfe Jan 2006

The Right To Say No To Discrimination: A Commentary On Rumsfeld V. Fair, Zachary Wolfe

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


Living By The Sword: The Free Exercise Of Religion And The Sikh Struggle For The Right To Carry A Kirpan, Rishi S. Bagga Jan 2006

Living By The Sword: The Free Exercise Of Religion And The Sikh Struggle For The Right To Carry A Kirpan, Rishi S. Bagga

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


Greasers And Gringos: Latinos, Law, And The American Imagination By Steven W. Bender, Chelsy A. Castro Jan 2006

Greasers And Gringos: Latinos, Law, And The American Imagination By Steven W. Bender, Chelsy A. Castro

The Modern American

No abstract provided.


Dan The Xenophobe Rides The A-Train, Or The Modern, Unconscious Racist In "Enlightened America", Richard Salgado Jan 2006

Dan The Xenophobe Rides The A-Train, Or The Modern, Unconscious Racist In "Enlightened America", Richard Salgado

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.


The History Of Slave Marriage In The United States, 39 J. Marshall L. Rev. 299 (2006), Darlene C. Goring Jan 2006

The History Of Slave Marriage In The United States, 39 J. Marshall L. Rev. 299 (2006), Darlene C. Goring

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Hurricane Katrina And The Toxic Torts Implications Of Environmental Injustice In New Orleans, 40 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (2006), L. Darnell Weeden Jan 2006

Hurricane Katrina And The Toxic Torts Implications Of Environmental Injustice In New Orleans, 40 J. Marshall L. Rev. 1 (2006), L. Darnell Weeden

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


The French "Headscarves Ban": Intolerance Or Necessity?, 40 J. Marshall L. Rev. 235 (2006), Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler Jan 2006

The French "Headscarves Ban": Intolerance Or Necessity?, 40 J. Marshall L. Rev. 235 (2006), Reuven (Ruvi) Ziegler

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.


Reconceptualizing Domestic Violence In India: Economic Abuse And The Need For Broad Statutory Interpretation To Promote Women's Fundamental Rights, Pami Vyas Jan 2006

Reconceptualizing Domestic Violence In India: Economic Abuse And The Need For Broad Statutory Interpretation To Promote Women's Fundamental Rights, Pami Vyas

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

This Article explores the reconceptualization of domestic violence in India through an analysis of the economic abuse provision of the recently passed Domestic Violence Act. The author argues that although India has taken a significant step towards advancing women's rights by characterizing economic abuse as a form of domestic violence, effective implementation of the law requires a broad interpretation of the economic abuse provision. To be consistent with the purpose of the statute and India's constitutional and international human rights obligations, "economic abuse" must be interpreted broadly to include the deprivation of a woman's control over her economic resources. Economic …


From Legally Blonde To Miss Congeniality: The Femininity Conundrum, Anna M. Archer Jan 2006

From Legally Blonde To Miss Congeniality: The Femininity Conundrum, Anna M. Archer

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article argues that popular movies like Legally Blonde and Miss Congeniality perpetuate harmful gender stereotypes by depicting women as needing to conform to traditional notions of femininity or masculinity to succeed in male-dominated professions. These portrayals contradict the protections provided by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which prohibits employment discrimination based on sex. The article contends that such films send the wrong message by suggesting women must change themselves to fit societal expectations rather than challenging those expectations.


The Cost Of Good Intentions: Why The Supreme Court's Decision Upholding Affirmative Action Admission Programs Is Detrimental To The Cause, Leslie Yalof Garfield Jan 2006

The Cost Of Good Intentions: Why The Supreme Court's Decision Upholding Affirmative Action Admission Programs Is Detrimental To The Cause, Leslie Yalof Garfield

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This article provides an overview of the Federal Courts’ interpretation of equal protection challenges to affirmative action admission policies beginning with University of California v. Bakke through the recent Supreme Court decisions of Grutter v. Bollinger and Gratz v. Bollinger. The article then identifies and outlines the appropriate elements of a constitutionally sound affirmative action admission policy. Finally, the article concludes that the permissible policy is almost unattainable for schools other than small institutions.


Parity/Disparity: Electoral Gender Inequality On The Tightrope Of Liberal Constitutional Traditions, Darren Rosenblum Jan 2006

Parity/Disparity: Electoral Gender Inequality On The Tightrope Of Liberal Constitutional Traditions, Darren Rosenblum

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Part I of this article examines Parity's strangeness to United States observers. United States sex discrimination law ignores political representation issues. United States voting rights law contains no provisions for gender inequality. Most importantly, leading United States thinkers of all stripes roundly reject quotas. Part II details the Parity debate and its relationship to French democracy. The democracies of the United States and of France share Eighteenth Century Enlightenment origins. They also share some form of universalism (labeled “neutrality” in the United States by Cass Sunstein) establishing the equality of all citizens before the law. Parity serves as a good …


Enhancing Access To Health Care And Eliminating Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Health Status: A Compelling Case For Health Professions Schools To Implement Race-Conscious Admissions Policies, Thomas E. Perez Jan 2006

Enhancing Access To Health Care And Eliminating Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Health Status: A Compelling Case For Health Professions Schools To Implement Race-Conscious Admissions Policies, Thomas E. Perez

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


Separate And Unequal Care In New York City, Neil S. Calman, Maxine Golub, Charmaine Ruddock, Lan Le Jan 2006

Separate And Unequal Care In New York City, Neil S. Calman, Maxine Golub, Charmaine Ruddock, Lan Le

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


Common Ground: Exploring Policy Approaches To Addressing Racial Disparities From The Left And The Right, M. C. Gibbons Jan 2006

Common Ground: Exploring Policy Approaches To Addressing Racial Disparities From The Left And The Right, M. C. Gibbons

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


Closing The Health Care Disparities Gap: Turning Evidence Into Action, Carolyn M. Clancy Jan 2006

Closing The Health Care Disparities Gap: Turning Evidence Into Action, Carolyn M. Clancy

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


Medicaid At Forty: Revisiting Structure And Meaning In A Post-Deficit Reduction Act Era, Sara Rosenbaum Jan 2006

Medicaid At Forty: Revisiting Structure And Meaning In A Post-Deficit Reduction Act Era, Sara Rosenbaum

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.


The Contradiction Between Equal Protection's Meaning And Its Legal Substance: How Deliberate Indifference Can Cure It, Derek W. Black Jan 2006

The Contradiction Between Equal Protection's Meaning And Its Legal Substance: How Deliberate Indifference Can Cure It, Derek W. Black

Faculty Publications

This Article highlights the inherent ambiguities of racial antidiscrimination’s core legal language: “equal protection under the law” and “discrimination based on race.” It then analyzes how and why the Court has never answered fundamental questions regarding the meaning of these terms. Thus, this Article answers these fundamental questions itself by exploring the original intent behind the Equal Protection Clause. Against this backdrop, this Article reveals how the Court’s standard for assessing discrimination claims, the intent doctrine, assumes a meaning for equal protection that is inconsistent with its original meaning. Rather than reflecting equal protection’s meaning, the standard lacks any basis …


The Michigan Civil Rights Initiative And The Civil Rights Act Of 1964, Carl Cohen Jan 2006

The Michigan Civil Rights Initiative And The Civil Rights Act Of 1964, Carl Cohen

Michigan Law Review First Impressions

The underlying principle of the Michigan Civil Rights Initiative (MCRI), adopted by state wide vote on 7 November 2006, is identical to that of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Section 601 of the Civil Rights Act provides: “No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” The recent passage of the MCRI results now in the inclusion [in Article 1, Section 26 of the Michigan constitution] of section …


Disparate Impact And The Use Of Racial Proxies In Post-Mcri Admissions, Matthew S. Owen, Danielle S. Barbour Jan 2006

Disparate Impact And The Use Of Racial Proxies In Post-Mcri Admissions, Matthew S. Owen, Danielle S. Barbour

Michigan Law Review First Impressions

The Michigan Civil Rights Initiative (“MCRI”) amended the Michigan Constitution to provide that public universities, colleges, and school districts may not “discriminate against, or grant preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of . . . public education.” We argue that, in addition to prohibiting the overt use of racial preferences in admissions, the MCRI also prohibits using racial proxies such as socioeconomic status or a “Ten Percent Plan” that aim to prefer minorities in admissions. Though the MCRI does not expressly say so, we stipulate …


A Sheep In Wolf's Clothing: The Michigan Civil Rights Initiative As The Savior Of Affirmative Action, Ryan C. Hess Jan 2006

A Sheep In Wolf's Clothing: The Michigan Civil Rights Initiative As The Savior Of Affirmative Action, Ryan C. Hess

Michigan Law Review First Impressions

The University of Michigan has long been a place of important discussions about civil and human rights. On the steps of the Michigan Student Union, only a few paces from the Law School, lies an inconspicuous marker where then-President John F. Kennedy, Jr. dedicated the United States Peace Core. During the Vietnam War, the University played host to significant protests that changed how we think about war and its consequences. Most recently, the University litigated a series of Supreme Court cases that have helped define the role of educational institutions in the quest for equality. This role promises to continue …


What The Mcri Can Teach White Litigants About White Dominance, Adam Gitlin Jan 2006

What The Mcri Can Teach White Litigants About White Dominance, Adam Gitlin

Michigan Law Review First Impressions

The ballots have barely been counted, but litigation to enjoin implementation of the now-codified Michigan Civil Rights Initiative (“MCRI”) or at least limit its effect on admissions practices in Michigan’s universities is already underway. One of the primary arguments against the MCRI—and the basis upon which some plaintiff professors assert standing—is that students will suffer an impaired education if current admissions practices are discarded. Assuming that the MCRI survives these legal challenges, educators should be consoled somewhat to know the MCRI may still offer some pedagogy as compensation: litigation will likely be brought to enforce its provisions, and that litigation …