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2000

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Articles 91 - 120 of 236

Full-Text Articles in Civil Rights and Discrimination

The Case For United States Reparations To African Americans, Adrienne D. Davis Jan 2000

The Case For United States Reparations To African Americans, Adrienne D. Davis

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.


Legislative Focus: Extending Non-Discrimination In Employment To Gays And Lesbians, Tracy Davis, Sara Oppenheim Jan 2000

Legislative Focus: Extending Non-Discrimination In Employment To Gays And Lesbians, Tracy Davis, Sara Oppenheim

Human Rights Brief

No abstract provided.


Protection Of Domestic Violence Victims Under The New York City Human Rights Law's Provisions Prohibiting Discrimination On The Basis Of Disability, Marta B. Varela Jan 2000

Protection Of Domestic Violence Victims Under The New York City Human Rights Law's Provisions Prohibiting Discrimination On The Basis Of Disability, Marta B. Varela

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This Article analyzes the need to create a new protected class of domestic violence victims to shield them from discrimination in employment. The Article examines arguments for and against proposed legislation to revise the human rights law governing disability, section 8-107 of the New York City Administration Code. The Article concludes that this legislation is unnecessary because the law already provides sufficient protection to domestic violence victims without requiring that victims disclose their domestic violence status to their employers.


Civil Rights Law In Transition: The Forty-Fifth Anniversary Of The New York City Commission On Human Rights Jan 2000

Civil Rights Law In Transition: The Forty-Fifth Anniversary Of The New York City Commission On Human Rights

Fordham Urban Law Journal

This Symposium co-sponsored by the New York City Commission on Human Rights and the Fordham Urban Law Journal includes transcripts of panel discussions on topics at the intersection of law and policy. These topics include mediation, domestic violence, disability law, hate crimes legislation, sexual harassment, and sexual orientation law.


Why A Fundamental Right To A Quality Education Is Not Enough, James G. Wilson Jan 2000

Why A Fundamental Right To A Quality Education Is Not Enough, James G. Wilson

Law Faculty Articles and Essays

This article relies upon the political and economic analysis of such great thinkers as Aristotle and Rousseau to understand and normatively evaluate constitutional caselaw in general and education cases in particular. The article's title contains its conclusion: a judicially created right to a quality education is a laudable, but possibly counterproductive and definitely insufficient condition, for creating a humane constitutional system. The rest of society needs to do far more to protect the average citizen and worker from the ever-ravenous ruling class. All the edification in the world will not mean much if there are only a few decent jobs …


The Empty State And Nobody's Market: The Political Economy Of Non-Responsibility And The Judicial Disappearing Of The Civil Rights Movement, Kenneth M. Casebeer Jan 2000

The Empty State And Nobody's Market: The Political Economy Of Non-Responsibility And The Judicial Disappearing Of The Civil Rights Movement, Kenneth M. Casebeer

University of Miami Law Review

No abstract provided.


"Trapped" In Sing Sing: Transgendered Prisoners Caught In The Gender Binarism, Darren Rosenblum Jan 2000

"Trapped" In Sing Sing: Transgendered Prisoners Caught In The Gender Binarism, Darren Rosenblum

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

This Article first summarizes gender, transgendered identity, and legal issues facing transgendered people to contextualize the lives of transgendered prisoners. Parts II and III explore respectively the placement and treatment issues that complicate the incarceration of the transgendered. Corrections authorities, through indifference or incompetence, foster a shockingly inhumane daily existence for transgendered prisoners. In Part V, I examine the plight of transgendered prisoners through the metaphor of the miners' canary. Transgendered prisoners signal the grave dangers facing all of us in a wide array of social structures, elucidating the apparently intractable problems of gender. This Article simultaneously explores a human …


The Voting Rights Act And The "New And Improved" Intent Test: Old Wine In New Bottles, Randolph M. Mclaughlin Jan 2000

The Voting Rights Act And The "New And Improved" Intent Test: Old Wine In New Bottles, Randolph M. Mclaughlin

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

Since the Supreme Court injected the issue of intent into the voting rights arena in Mobile v. Bolden,1 there has been a long and persistent struggle to reverse that decision. In 1982, Congress thought it had put the question of the quantum and quality of proof required to establish a violation of section 2 of the Voting Rights Act to rest when Congress amended that section. However, the courts quickly began a rear guard action to undermine congressional efforts to eliminate the intent requirement as an element of a plaintiff's claim. Both the Supreme Court and the circuit courts have …


En/Gendering Equality: Seeking Relief Under Title Vii Against Employment Discrimination Based On Sexual Orientation, Anthony E. Varona, Jeffrey M. Monks Jan 2000

En/Gendering Equality: Seeking Relief Under Title Vii Against Employment Discrimination Based On Sexual Orientation, Anthony E. Varona, Jeffrey M. Monks

Articles

No abstract provided.


The Ninth Circuit's "Hybrid Rights" Error: Three Losers Do Not Make A Winner In Thomas V. Anchorage Equal Rights Commission, Eric J. Neal Jan 2000

The Ninth Circuit's "Hybrid Rights" Error: Three Losers Do Not Make A Winner In Thomas V. Anchorage Equal Rights Commission, Eric J. Neal

Seattle University Law Review

Because the Ninth Circuit, in reaching its Thomas decision, relied on Smith's hybrid rights language, this Note will focus on the court's analysis of that subject. By applying the hybrid rights' dicta instead of following the actual holding in Smith, the Ninth Circuit reached a conclusion that is illogical and does not comport with current Supreme Court free exercise jurisprudence. This Note will discuss the Thomas court's analysis and will propose a logical interpretation of Smith that more closely reflects the Supreme Court's actual position regarding the Free Exercise Clause.


Civil Challenges To The Use Of Low-Bid Contracts For Indigent Defense, Margaret H. Lemos Jan 2000

Civil Challenges To The Use Of Low-Bid Contracts For Indigent Defense, Margaret H. Lemos

Faculty Scholarship

In recent years, increasing attention has been directed to the problem of adequate representation for indigent criminal defendants. While overwhelming caseloads and inadequate funding plague indigent defense systems of all types, there is a growing consensus in the legal community that low-bid contract systems-under which the state or locality's indigent defense work is assigned to the attorney willing to accept the lowest fee-pose particularly serious obstacles to effective representation. In this Note, Margaret Lemos argues that the problems typical of indigent defense programs in general-and low-bid contract systems in particular-can and should be addressed through § 1983 civil actions alleging …


Personal Rights And Rule Dependence: Can The Two Co-Exist?, Matthew D. Adler Jan 2000

Personal Rights And Rule Dependence: Can The Two Co-Exist?, Matthew D. Adler

Faculty Scholarship

Constitutional doctrine is typically "rule-dependent." Typically, a constitutional litigant will not prevail unless she can show that a particular kind of legal rule is in force, e.g., a rule that discriminates against "suspect classes" in violation of the Equal Protection Clause, or that targets speech in violation of the First Amendment, or that is motivated by a religious purpose in violation of the Establishment Clause. Further, the litigant must typically establish a violation of her "personal rights." The Supreme Court has consistently stated that a reviewing court should not invalidate an unconstitutional governmental action at the instance of a claimant …


Rights And Rules: An Overview, Matthew D. Adler, Michael C. Dorf Jan 2000

Rights And Rules: An Overview, Matthew D. Adler, Michael C. Dorf

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Comparing Race And Sex Discrimination In Custody Cases, Katharine T. Bartlett Jan 2000

Comparing Race And Sex Discrimination In Custody Cases, Katharine T. Bartlett

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Anjelino V. New York Times Co.: Granting Men Standing To Fight Against Injuries Received As A Result Of Sexual Discrimination Towards Female Co-Workers, Christine Coyne Jan 2000

Anjelino V. New York Times Co.: Granting Men Standing To Fight Against Injuries Received As A Result Of Sexual Discrimination Towards Female Co-Workers, Christine Coyne

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Critical Race Theory And International Law: Convergence And Divergence, Ruth Gordon Jan 2000

Critical Race Theory And International Law: Convergence And Divergence, Ruth Gordon

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Discrimination After Death, Mark E. Wojcik Jan 2000

Discrimination After Death, Mark E. Wojcik

Oklahoma Law Review

No abstract provided.


Couples: Marriage, Civil Union, And Domestic Partnership, David L. Chambers Jan 2000

Couples: Marriage, Civil Union, And Domestic Partnership, David L. Chambers

Book Chapters

In this country, during the last decades of the twentieth century, thousands of lesbians married other women and thousands of gay men married other men. Many of these couples recited traditional vows in churches and synagogues. Others have pledged to each other in their own backyards in words that they wrote themselves. But not one of these thousands of solemn occasions was recognized as creating a legally valid marriage. In the United States, each state has its own statute defining who can marry, and as far as the states were concerned, these couples were playing dress up. One state has …


Protecting The Sacred Sites Of Indigenous People In U.S. Courts: Reconciling Native American Religion And The Right To Exclude, Kevin J. Worthen Jan 2000

Protecting The Sacred Sites Of Indigenous People In U.S. Courts: Reconciling Native American Religion And The Right To Exclude, Kevin J. Worthen

Faculty Scholarship

The key to understanding current U. S. caselaw concerning the protection of Native American sacred sites is arguably found in the dissenting opinion of an eighteen-year old case involving not religious freedom, not sacred sites, and not cultural heritage - but the right of Indian tribes to impose severance taxes on non-tribal members who extract oil and gas from tribal lands. In Merrion v. Jicarilla Apache Tribe, Justice Stevens refused to join the majority’s conclusion that the inherent sovereignty of the Jicarilla Apache Tribe included the power to impose such a tax. In his view, a tribe’s authority to regulate …


Whatever Happened To Anti-Semitism? How Social Science Theories Identify Discrimination And Promote Coalitions Between "Different" Minorities, Clark Freshman Jan 2000

Whatever Happened To Anti-Semitism? How Social Science Theories Identify Discrimination And Promote Coalitions Between "Different" Minorities, Clark Freshman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Thou Shalt Not Discriminate: The Application Of Title Vii's Undue Hardship Standard In Balint V. Carson City, Polly Hayes Jan 2000

Thou Shalt Not Discriminate: The Application Of Title Vii's Undue Hardship Standard In Balint V. Carson City, Polly Hayes

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Critical Race Theory And International Law: The View Of An Insider-Outsider, Makau Mutua Jan 2000

Critical Race Theory And International Law: The View Of An Insider-Outsider, Makau Mutua

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Civilization And Commerce: The Concept Of Governance In Historical Perspective, Antony Anghie Jan 2000

Civilization And Commerce: The Concept Of Governance In Historical Perspective, Antony Anghie

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Shadows: Du Bois And The Colonial Prospect, 1925, Nathaniel Berman Jan 2000

Shadows: Du Bois And The Colonial Prospect, 1925, Nathaniel Berman

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Retelling Good Governance Narratives On Africa's Economic And Political Predicaments: Continuities And Discontinuities In Legal Outcomes Between Markets And States, James Thuo Gathii Jan 2000

Retelling Good Governance Narratives On Africa's Economic And Political Predicaments: Continuities And Discontinuities In Legal Outcomes Between Markets And States, James Thuo Gathii

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


Global Markets, Racial Spaces And The Role Of Critical Race Theory In The Struggle For Community Control Of Investments: An Institutional Class Analysis, Elizabeth M. Iglesias Jan 2000

Global Markets, Racial Spaces And The Role Of Critical Race Theory In The Struggle For Community Control Of Investments: An Institutional Class Analysis, Elizabeth M. Iglesias

Villanova Law Review (1956 - )

No abstract provided.


The Arbitrary Path Of Due Process, Harry F. Tepker Jan 2000

The Arbitrary Path Of Due Process, Harry F. Tepker

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.


A Citizen Of Fine Spirit, Douglas R. Heidenreich Jan 2000

A Citizen Of Fine Spirit, Douglas R. Heidenreich

Faculty Scholarship

William T. Francis was (1869-1929), by most measures, the most successful of the early African American alumni of William Mitchell College of Law's predecessor law schools. Francis was a skilled lawyer, an adroit politician, a popular orator, a vigorous crusader for human and civil rights, and a respected U.S. diplomat.


Blood Will Tell: Scientific Racism And The Legal Prohibitions Against Miscegenation, Keith E. Sealing Jan 2000

Blood Will Tell: Scientific Racism And The Legal Prohibitions Against Miscegenation, Keith E. Sealing

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

This article first examines the miscegenation paradigm in terms of a seven-point conceptual framework that not merely allowed but practically demanded anti-miscegenation laws, then looks at the legal arguments state courts used to justify the constitutionality of such laws through 1967. Next, it analyzes the Biblical argument, which in its own right justified miscegenation, but also had a major influence on the development of the three major strands of scientific racism: monogenism, polygenism and Darwinian theory. It then probes the concept upon which the entire edifice is constructed-race--and discusses the continuing vitality of this construct. Next, this article turns to …


Cracking The Code: "De-Coding" Colorblind Slurs During The Congressional Crack Cocaine Debates, Richard Dvorak Jan 2000

Cracking The Code: "De-Coding" Colorblind Slurs During The Congressional Crack Cocaine Debates, Richard Dvorak

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

This article proposes "de-coding" as a method for unveiling the racist purpose behind the enactment of race-neutral legislation. Through the use of "code words," defined as “phrases and symbols which refer indirectly to racial themes, but do not directly challenge popular democratic or egalitarian ideals,” legislators can appeal to racist sentiments without appearing racist. More importantly, they can do so without leaving evidence that can be traced back as an intent to discriminate. This article proposes to use "de-coding" as a method to unmask the racist purpose behind the enactment of the 100:1 crack versus powder cocaine ratio for mandatory …