Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons^™

A Unified Approach To Causation In Disparate Treatment Cases: Using Sexual Harassment By Supervisors As The Causal Nexus For The Discriminatory Motivating Factor In Mixed Motive Cases, Margaret E. Johnson

All Faculty Scholarship

This Comment examines a unified approach for disparate treatment mixed motives claims paired with sexual harassment claims under Title VII. The Author argues that because of the policy for nondiscriminatory and desegregated work environments embodied in Title VII, and because of the documented harm resulting from sexual harassment, courts should allow the burden of proof to shift to the defendant if the plaintiff demonstrates that her supervisor sexually harassed her, or condoned the harassment, and that the harassing supervisor made an employment decision that was adverse to her.

A Date With Justice: Prostitution And The Decriminalization Debate, Margaret A. Baldwin

Cardozo Journal of Equal Rights & Social Justice

The article critiques the decriminalization of prostitution, arguing that it fails to address the systemic exploitation and violence faced by women in prostitution. The author contends that decriminalization would empower pimps, johns, and legal systems to further exploit women, as it legitimizes their power dynamics. The analysis emphasizes the need to prioritize the survival and empowerment of prostituted women over legal reforms that benefit their exploiters.

You've Built The Bridge, Why Don't You Cross It? A Call For State Labor Laws Prohibiting Private Employment Discrimination On The Basis Of Sexual Orientation, David E. Morrison

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

The call for legal reform to prevent discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation has been prevalent since at least the 1970s. Part I of this Note examines sexual orientation as a protected status at the federal and state level. Tracing the development of case law interpreting Title VII, it is evident that current federal laws have been of little use to gay men and lesbians. As a result, employment discrimination against homosexuals has been widespread. Part II of this Note discusses how the foundation for reform already has been created at the state level. This foundation began with state …

The Newly Disenfranchised: A Constitutional Right Withheld, Herman R. Brown Jr.

University of the District of Columbia Law Review

Traditionally, Blacks and women have been denied their constitutional rights based strictly on race and sex. This brand of disenfranchisement has in many instances made these groups feel like "second class" citizens. Although recently, these groups have been able to share in some rights previously withheld, the "playing field of equality of rights" is still not level. For example, women still earn less pay for comparable work performed by their male counterparts. Blacks continue to be shut out of the system based strictly on race. Just as women and Blacks have been denied their rights, other groups have suffered similar …

Words That Deny, Devalue, And Punish: Judicial Responses To Fetus-Envy?, Sherry F. Colb

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

Abstract needed.

Moving Toward Equal Treatment Of Homosexuals, John Cary Sims

McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

The New York Law School Reporter, Vol. 9, No. 3, November, 1991, New York Law School

Student Newspapers

No abstract provided.

Family, Marriage, And The Same-Sex Couple, Lisa R. Zimmer

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Foundering On The Seas Of Hopelessness, Mary C. Dunlap

Michigan Law Review

A Review of Gays/Justice: A Study of Ethics, Society, and Law by Richard D. Mohn

New York State Club Association V. City Of New York: Private Club Sex Discrimination, Isabelle Mouysset

West Virginia Law Review

No abstract provided.

Watkins V. United States Army And The Employment Rights Of Lesbians And Gay Men, Arthur S. Leonard

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Bowers V. Hardwick: No Constitutional Protection For Private Consensual Homosexual Intimacy, Joan Brinson Dressler

North Carolina Central Law Review

No abstract provided.

Board Of Directors Of Rotary International V. Rotary Club Of Duarte: Redefining Associational Rights, Robert N. Johnson

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Bowers V. Hardwick: The Constitutionality Of Georgia's Sodomy Statute, 20 J. Marshall L. Rev. 325 (1986), James J. Bromberek

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Sterilization Of Mentally Retarded Persons: Reproductive Rights And Family Privacy, Elizabeth S. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

Sterilization is one of the most frequently chosen forms of contraception in the world; many persons who do not want to have children select this simple, safe, and effective means of avoiding unwanted pregnancy. For individuals who are mentally disabled, however, sterilization has more ominous associations. Until recently, involuntary sterilization was used as a weapon of the state in the war against mental deficiency. Under eugenic sterilization laws in effect in many states, retarded persons were routinely sterilized without their consent or knowledge.

Sterilization law has undergone a radical transformation in recent years. Influenced by a distaste for eugenic sterilization …

Civil Liberties For Homosexuals: The Law In Limbo, Kenneth Lasson

All Faculty Scholarship

This article will examine the recent surge in litigation arising from assertions by homosexuals of their constitutional rights - cases that reflect the law in flux and conflict - and will demonstrate that both constitutional principles and social philosophy generally require resolution of the conflicts in favor of equality, without regard to sexual preference.

The Legal And Economic Implications Of Sexual Harassment, Suzanne E. Andrews

North Carolina Central Law Review

No abstract provided.

Book Review Of Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making Of A Homosexual Minority In The United States 1940–1970, By John D’Emilio, Arthur S. Leonard

Other Publications

No abstract provided.

Court Opinion, Gay Alliance Of Students V. Matthews, U.S. Court Of Appeals Fourth District, 1976 October 28

VCU Gay Alliance of Students Collection

Twenty-three page typewritten court opinion from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, with opinions from Judges Winter and Markey.

Gay Academic Union Third Annual Conference Program, 1975 November 28-30, Gay Academic Union

VCU Gay Alliance of Students Collection

Forty-four page program for the Gay Academic Union Third Annual Conference at Columbia University, which took place November 28-30, 1975. The program includes a list of sessions, abstracts of the sessions, participant biographies, lists of the conference sponsors and conference committee, and advertisements from Inter Typographics, Inc., R.A.V. Associates, and Christopher Street That New Magazine, Inc.. There is handwriting throughout the program.

Memorandum, Gay Alliance Of Students V. Matthews, United States District Court For The Eastern District Of Virginia Richmond Division, 1975 November 7

VCU Gay Alliance of Students Collection

Twenty-two typewritten pages and two handwritten pages (on the back of typewritten pages) memorandum by Judge D. Dortch Warriner, United States District Judge, in regards to Gay Alliance of Students v. Matthews.

Conjugal Visitation Rights And The Appropriate Standard Of Judicial Review For Prison Regulations, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

Conjugal visitation rights allow prison inmates and spouses to visit privately and have sexual relations. A number of countries, particularly in Latin America, permit conjugal visits. Although in the United States only Mississippi and California currently permit conjugal visitation, the experience of these two states shows that such programs are workable. Conjugal visitation has met with varied reaction in the literature, but persuasive arguments have been made that it would offer potential psychological benefits to the prisoner, reduce prison homosexuality, and allow the inmate to preserve his or her marital ties. Nevertheless, the reaction of penal administrators in this country …

The Constitutionality Of Laws Forbidding Private Homosexual Conduct, Michigan Law Review

Michigan Law Review

The laws of forty-three states and the District of Columbia impose criminal penalties on consenting adults who engage in private homosexual conduct. Most of these laws are sodomy statutes, which also prohibit oral and anal intercourse between heterosexuals and sexual acts with animals. Two states have statutes explicitly limited to homosexual conduct. These statutes also prohibit nonconsensual homosexual activity and homosexual acts involving a minor, but this Note addresses only prohibitions on private consensual adult homosexual conduct.

Gay Alliance Of Students Statement Of Purpose, 1974

VCU Gay Alliance of Students Collection

One page handwritten document listing five items in the Gay Alliance of Students Statement of Purpose. Transcription:
"The Gay Alliance of Students exists
To bring together in a unified and supportive community men and women of all orientations who oppose discrimination, especially discrimination based on sex, and sexual or affectional preferences.
To establish a forum on human sexuality, emphasizing the gay experience.
To serve as a resource to the university and, in concert, with other organizations, the community.
To improve the quality of student life especially gay student life, by identifying, evaluating and increasing the university's responsiveness to our needs. …