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Constitutional Law

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Articles 2581 - 2610 of 3262

Full-Text Articles in Civil Rights and Discrimination

Discrimination Cases In The Supreme Court's 1997 Term, Eileen Kaufman Jan 1999

Discrimination Cases In The Supreme Court's 1997 Term, Eileen Kaufman

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Caste, Class, And Equal Citizenship, William E. Forbath Jan 1999

Caste, Class, And Equal Citizenship, William E. Forbath

Michigan Law Review

There is a familiar egalitarian constitutional tradition and another we have largely forgotten. The familiar one springs from Brown v. Board of Education; its roots lie in the Reconstruction era. Court-centered and countermajoritarian, it takes aim at caste and racial subordination. The forgotten one also originated with Reconstruction, but it was a majoritarian tradition, addressing its arguments to lawmakers and citizens, not to courts. Aimed against harsh class inequalities, it centered on decent work and livelihoods, social provision, and a measure of economic independence and democracy. Borrowing a phrase from its Progressive Era proponents, I will call it the social …

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Do Parents Have The Legal Authority To Consent To The Surgical Amputation Of Normal, Healthy Tissue From Their Infant Children?: The Practice Of Circumcision In The United States , Ross Povenmire Jan 1999

Do Parents Have The Legal Authority To Consent To The Surgical Amputation Of Normal, Healthy Tissue From Their Infant Children?: The Practice Of Circumcision In The United States , Ross Povenmire

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

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About The Conference, Journal Of Gender, Social Policy & The Law Jan 1999

About The Conference, Journal Of Gender, Social Policy & The Law

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

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Agency, Equality, And Antidiscrimination Law , Tracy E. Higgins, Laura A. Rosenbury Jan 1999

Agency, Equality, And Antidiscrimination Law , Tracy E. Higgins, Laura A. Rosenbury

Faculty Scholarship

The Supreme Court increasingly has interpreted the Equal Protection Clause as a mandate for the state to treat citizens as if they were equal-as a limitation on the state's ability to draw distinctions on the basis of characteristics such as race and, to a lesser extent, gender. In the context of race, the Court has struck down not only race-specific policies designed to harm the historically oppressed, but race conscious policies designed to foster racial equality. Although in theory the Court has left open the possibility that benign uses of race may be constitutional under some set of facts, in …

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In The Wake Of Hopwood: An Update On Affirmative Action In The Education Arena, Carla Pratt Jan 1999

In The Wake Of Hopwood: An Update On Affirmative Action In The Education Arena, Carla Pratt

Faculty Articles

No abstract provided.

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Toward A Formative Project Of Securing Freedom And Equality, Linda C. Mcclain Jan 1999

Toward A Formative Project Of Securing Freedom And Equality, Linda C. Mcclain

Faculty Scholarship

This Symposium offers an occasion to pursue two important tasks: (1) identifying normative and constitutional foundations for an affimnative governmental responsibility to engage in a "formative project" that would foster persons' capacities for democratic and personal self-government;' and (2) exploring the mix of normative and empirical inquiries necessary to shape the proper goals and parameters of such a project. These tasks are relevant to my larger project of attempting to develop a synthetic, or feminist and liberal, normative account of rights, responsibilities, and governmental promotion of good, self-governing lives.2 That account argues for governmental responsibility to foster the preconditions for …

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The Supreme Court, Sexual Citizenship And The Idea Of Progress, Kendall Thomas Jan 1999

The Supreme Court, Sexual Citizenship And The Idea Of Progress, Kendall Thomas

Faculty Scholarship

Is American Progressive Constitutionalism dead ... yet? I propose to seek the beginnings of an answer to this question in the pages of a recent decision by the United States Supreme Court. I do feel obliged to say this, not because I am committed to a court-centered adjudicative conception of American constitutionalism; to the contrary. But rather, because the decision on which I want to focus seems to me to offer a rich resource for critical reflection on the idea of self-government whose connections to Progressive Constitutionalism give us our topic this afternoon.

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Equal Rights, Special Rights, And The Nature Of Antidiscrimination Law, Peter J. Rubin Nov 1998

Equal Rights, Special Rights, And The Nature Of Antidiscrimination Law, Peter J. Rubin

Michigan Law Review

Despite the continued belief held by most Americans that certain characteristics should not form the basis for adverse decisions about individuals in employment, housing, public accommodations, and the provision of a wide range of governmental and private services and opportunities, antidiscrimination laws have increasingly come under attack on the ground that they provide members of the group against whom discrimination is forbidden with "special rights." The "special rights" objection has been voiced most strongly, but not exclusively, against laws that seek to prohibit discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. This line of attack has not always been effective, but …

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Constitutional Remedies, Section 1983 And The Common Law, Michael L. Wells Sep 1998

Constitutional Remedies, Section 1983 And The Common Law, Michael L. Wells

Scholarly Works

Constitutional tort law marries the substantive rights granted by the Constitution to the remedial mechanism of tort law. The sweeping language of 42 U.S.C. 1983 provides that "[e]very person who, under color of any [state law] subjects, or causes to be subjected, any [person] to the deprivation of any [constitutional rights] shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress." Constitutional tort suits raise, in a new context, many tort-like remedial questions relating to causation, immunity, and damages--and therein lies a problem. The usual source of answers to …

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Same-Sex Sexual Harassment Claims After Oncale: Defining The Boundaries Of Actionable Conduct , Richard F. Storrow Apr 1998

Same-Sex Sexual Harassment Claims After Oncale: Defining The Boundaries Of Actionable Conduct , Richard F. Storrow

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Antidiscrimination And Affirmative Action Policies: Economic Efficiency And The Constitution, Edward M. Iacobucci Apr 1998

Antidiscrimination And Affirmative Action Policies: Economic Efficiency And The Constitution, Edward M. Iacobucci

Osgoode Hall Law Journal

This article assesses the economic efficiency of race-based antidiscrimination and affirmative action policies with a view to assessing relevant Canadian and American constitutional law. The article reviews economic arguments about why antidiscrimination laws may be efficient in addressing externalities, in hastening the exit of bigoted employers from the market, and in preventing the potentially inefficient use of race as a proxy for information; affirmative action may be efficient in accounting for differential signaling costs across race. The article concludes that economic analysis supports the approach in section 15 of the Charter which generally bans discriminatory government action, but recognizes that …

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A Constitution Of Democratic Experimentalism, Michael C. Dorf, Charles F. Sabel Mar 1998

A Constitution Of Democratic Experimentalism, Michael C. Dorf, Charles F. Sabel

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

In this Article, Professors Dorf and Sabel identify a new form of government, democratic experimentalism, in which power is decentralized to enable citizens and other actors to utilize their local knowledge to fit solutions to their individual circumstances, but in which regional and national coordinating bodies require actors to share their knowledge with others facing similar problems. This information pooling, informed by the example of novel kinds of coordination within and among private firms, both increases the efficiency of public administration by encouraging mutual learning among its parts and heightens its accountability through participation of citizens in the decisions that …

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Human Rights Of Women In Central And Eastern Europe, Julie Mertus Jan 1998

Human Rights Of Women In Central And Eastern Europe, Julie Mertus

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

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Same-Sex Sexual Harassment After Oncale V. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc.:Overcoming The History Of Judicial Discrimination In Light Of The "Common Sense" Standard, Jennifer J. Ator Jan 1998

Same-Sex Sexual Harassment After Oncale V. Sundowner Offshore Services, Inc.:Overcoming The History Of Judicial Discrimination In Light Of The "Common Sense" Standard, Jennifer J. Ator

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

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Damages For Unconstitutional Affirmative Action: An Analysis Of The Monetary Claims In Hopwood V. Texas, Richard Henry Seamon Jan 1998

Damages For Unconstitutional Affirmative Action: An Analysis Of The Monetary Claims In Hopwood V. Texas, Richard Henry Seamon

Articles

No abstract provided.

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Affirmative Action: Where Is It Coming From And Where Is It Going?, Denise Page Hood Jan 1998

Affirmative Action: Where Is It Coming From And Where Is It Going?, Denise Page Hood

Michigan Journal of Race and Law

A review of We Wont Go Back: Making the Case for Affirmative Action by Charles R. Lawrence III & Mari J. Matsuda

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The Future Of Affirmative Action: The Legal Imperative Nationally And The Ohio Experience, Jack P. Desario, Thomas L. Colaluca, Gina A. Kuhlman Jan 1998

The Future Of Affirmative Action: The Legal Imperative Nationally And The Ohio Experience, Jack P. Desario, Thomas L. Colaluca, Gina A. Kuhlman

Cleveland State Law Review

This presentation of the legal future of affirmative action will be divided into five sections. The introductory material serves as a general introduction to the issues. The second section will review the origins and evolution of affirmative action. This section will also attempt to provide a definition of this complex concept. The third will provide a detailed analysis of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke. Bakke represents the Supreme Court's first attempt to resolve the legal complexities of affirmative action. The Court's holdings in Bakke have shaped the debate for over 20 years. The fourth segment of this …

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Thou Shalt Not Sue The Church: Denying Court Access To Ministerial Employees, Shawna Meyer Eikenberry Jan 1998

Thou Shalt Not Sue The Church: Denying Court Access To Ministerial Employees, Shawna Meyer Eikenberry

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Protecting Basic Rights Of Citizens, Ellen Catsman Freidin, Ann C. Mcginley Jan 1998

Protecting Basic Rights Of Citizens, Ellen Catsman Freidin, Ann C. Mcginley

Scholarly Works

Revision 9 suggests three important changes to the basic rights provision of the Florida Constitution. First, it would add “female and male alike” to define “natural persons who are equal before the law.” This change expressly recognizes equality of the sexes. Second, it would prohibit the government from depriving a person of any right because of the person’s national origin. Finally, the revision prohibits the government from depriving a person of any right because of “physical disability,” replacing the currently existing protection for “physical handicap.”

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Affirmative Action Awash In Confusion: Backward-Looking-Future-Oriented Justifications For Race-Conscious Measures, Ann C. Mcginley Jan 1998

Affirmative Action Awash In Confusion: Backward-Looking-Future-Oriented Justifications For Race-Conscious Measures, Ann C. Mcginley

Scholarly Works

The Third Circuit Court of Appeals, sitting en banc, decided Taxman v. Board of Education of the Township of Piscataway, in August 1996. Eight judges agreed that he Board of Education of Piscataway Township, New Jersey violated Title VII of the Civil Rights Act by using race, in accordance with its affirmative action policy, to break a tie between two teachers in the Business Department at Piscataway High School when determining which teacher to lay off. A strong dissent by Chief Judge Sloviter was joined by two other Court of Appeals judges. The majority decision is remarkable in its breadth, …

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The Right Books For The "Rights" Course—A Review Of Four Civil Rights Casebooks, Stephen Shapiro Jan 1998

The Right Books For The "Rights" Course—A Review Of Four Civil Rights Casebooks, Stephen Shapiro

Seattle University Law Review

This essay originally started out as a review of Charles Abernathy's casebook, <em>Civil Rights and Constitutional Litigation</em>, which the author was using to teach his "Civil Rights Litigation" course at the University of Baltimore. Since at some point in his career the author has used three of the four major casebooks available to law faculty teaching Civil Rights (the Abernathy casebook, Eisenberg's <em>Civil Rights Legislation</em>, and Low and Jeffries's <em>Civil Rights Actions</em>), he decided to extend this review to all four books. All four are quite good, including the newest, Nahmod, Wells & Eaton's <em>Constitutional Torts</em>. They all differ, however, …

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Universalism, Liberal Theory, And The Problem Of Gay Marriage, Robin West Jan 1998

Universalism, Liberal Theory, And The Problem Of Gay Marriage, Robin West

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Liberalism, both contemporary and classical, rests at heart on a theory of human nature, and at the center of that theory lies one core commitment: all human beings, qua human beings, are essentially rational. There are two equally important implications. The first we might call the "universalist" assumption: all human beings, not just some, are rational -- not just white people, men, freemen, property owners, aristocrats, or citizens, but all of us. In this central, defining respect, then, we are all the same: we all share in this universal, natural, human trait. The second implication, we might call the "individualist" …

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Women And The Promise Of Equal Citizenship, Jennifer S. Hendricks Jan 1998

Women And The Promise Of Equal Citizenship, Jennifer S. Hendricks

Publications

Anticipating the decision in United States v. Morrison (2000), holding that the civil rights remedy of the Violence Against Women Act was not a legitimate exercise of Congress's power to enforce the Equal Protection Clause, this article argues that the Act could be upheld as an exercise of Congress's authority under the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Congress's authority under the Citizenship Clause is analogous to its authority under the "badges and incidents" doctrine of the Thirteenth Amendment, which allows Congress to provide protection from discriminatory violence. This theory would also guide interpretation of the act to focus on …

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New York Public School Financing Litigation, Honorable Leon D. Lazer Jan 1998

New York Public School Financing Litigation, Honorable Leon D. Lazer

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Equal Protection, Supreme Court, New York County: Walter V. City Of New York Police Department Jan 1998

Equal Protection, Supreme Court, New York County: Walter V. City Of New York Police Department

Touro Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Batson Ethics For Prosecutors And Trial Court Judges, Sheri Lynn Johnson Jan 1998

Batson Ethics For Prosecutors And Trial Court Judges, Sheri Lynn Johnson

Cornell Law Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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The Dream That Will Not Die: Martin Luther King, Jr., And The Continuing American Revolution, Henry Mcgee Jan 1998

The Dream That Will Not Die: Martin Luther King, Jr., And The Continuing American Revolution, Henry Mcgee

Faculty Articles

Professor Henry W. McGee, Jr. reviews Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, By David J. Garrow. Bearing the Cross depicts Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., while neither a lawyer nor a judge, belonged in the pantheon of American constitutional giants. From the Gethsemane of an Alabama jail, Dr. King carried the cross of freedom to the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, and ultimately to his own crucifixion on the balcony of a Memphis motel. The story of how a black Baptist minister caused the Constitution to be applied to all Americans is one …

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The Violence Against Women Act Of 1994: Connecting Gender-Motivated Violence To Interstate Commerce, Judi L. Lemos Jan 1998

The Violence Against Women Act Of 1994: Connecting Gender-Motivated Violence To Interstate Commerce, Judi L. Lemos

Seattle University Law Review

This Comment explores whether the Supreme Court will grant certiorari in the Brzonkala v. Virginia Polytech and State University, and whether the Court will uphold the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) as a constitutional use of the commerce power. Part I explains the provisions of VAWA. Part II scrutinizes the development of Commerce Clause jurisprudence, which culminated in the Lopez decision. Part III analyzes the panel's Fourth Circuit ruling in Brzonkala. Part IV reviews the Supreme Court's handling of post-Lopez Commerce Clause cases and discusses whether the Court will grant certiorari to a challenge of VAWA's constitutionality. …

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Fables Of The Deconstruction: The Practical Failures Of Gay And Lesbian Theory In The Realm Of Employment Discrimination, Theodore A. Schroeder Jan 1998

Fables Of The Deconstruction: The Practical Failures Of Gay And Lesbian Theory In The Realm Of Employment Discrimination, Theodore A. Schroeder

American University Journal of Gender, Social Policy & the Law

No abstract provided.

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