Civil Law Commons^™

Searches And The Misunderstood History Of Suspicion And Probable Cause: Part One, Fabio Arcila

ExpressO

This article, the first of a two-part series, argues that during the Framers’ era many if not most judges believed they could issue search warrants without independently assessing the adequacy of probable cause, and that this view persisted even after the Fourth Amendment became effective. This argument challenges the leading originalist account of the Fourth Amendment, which Professor Thomas Davies published in the Michigan Law Review in 1999.

The focus in this first article is upon an analysis of the common law and how it reflected the Fourth Amendment’s restrictions. Learned treatises in particular, and to a lesser extent a …

Bond Repudiation, Tax Codes, The Appropriations Process And Restitution Post-Eminent Domain Reform, John H. Ryskamp

ExpressO

This brief comment suggests where the anti-eminent domain movement might be heading next.

The Focused Attention Of Others: A Conceptual And Normative Model Of Personal And Legal Privacy, Jeffery L. Johnson

ExpressO

The article defends an analysis of privacy as those areas of a person’s life where s/he is entitled to immunity from the illegitimate focused attention of others. It goes on to argue that such a model encompasses the concept of privacy in colloquial and legal contexts. The article concludes with an analysis of the normative value of privacy.

The Legality Of Governmental Responses To Terrorism And The Dichotomous Characterization Of Terrorists As Criminals Or Enemy Combatants, Gregory E. Maggs

ExpressO

This article argues that the United States and other nations ought to create specialized laws to regulate governmental responses to terrorism, rather than debating whether the current laws of war or the current rules of law enforcement should apply. These specialized laws would see terrorism as a problem that sometimes lies between traditional crime and traditional warfare, and would establish rules designed to address governmental responses to it.

Mental Health Courts And Title Ii Of The Ada: Accessibility To State Court Systems For Individuals With Mental Disabilities And The Need For Diversion, S. Elizabeth Malloy

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

Access to the judicial system, a fundamental right that has paramount importance in our society, can often present obstacles to people with disabilities in a variety of significant ways. Yet Title II mandates that state and local judicial facilities be accessible to individuals with disabilities. Recent shifts in paradigmatic approaches to special populations such as drug offenders and offenders with mental disabilities have lead to the creation of mental health courts specifically designed to address the needs of the persons with mental disabilities in order to avoid incarceration. Early outcomes in states like Ohio suggest mental health courts may better …

First Amendment Cases In The October 2004 Term, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Breaking The Bank: Revisiting Central Bank Of Denver After Enron And Sarbanes-Oxley, Celia Taylor

ExpressO

No abstract provided.

Rhetorical Holy War: Polygamy, Homosexuality, And The Paradox Of Community And Autonomy, Gregory C. Pingree

ExpressO

The article explores the rhetorical strategies deployed in both legal and cultural narratives of Mormon polygamy in nineteenth-century America. It demonstrates how an understanding of that unique communal experience, and the narratives by which it was represented, informs the classic paradox of community and autonomy – the tension between the collective and the individual. The article concludes by using the Mormon polygamy analysis to illuminate a contemporary social situation that underscores the paradox of community and autonomy – homosexuality and the so-called culture wars over family values and the meaning of marriage.

Opening Remarks: Advocating For Change, Kurt Mundorff

Cardozo Public Law, Policy & Ethics Journal

The article critiques the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) for focusing narrowly on parental responsibility while neglecting broader societal factors like poverty and racism. It highlights the challenges in predicting child abuse and the negative outcomes of foster care, arguing that the system's approach is flawed and in need of reform.

2003-2004 Supreme Court Term: Another Losing Season For The First Amendment, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Constitutional Accommodation And The Rule(S) Of Courts, Lorne Sossin

Articles & Book Chapters

Constitutional authority for the development and implementation of the rules of court lies with both the legislature, by its statutory power, and the judiciary, by the constitutional principles of judicial independence. The court rules in question here are those that govern court accessibility as well as the roles and responsibilities of parties in civil litigation. The three existing models of rule-making are court-led, where a majority of government officials, and collaborative, which lacks an evident majority of either. These rule-making bodies do not control court fees, the executive does, but in a system with any model, the judiciary always has …

Death By A Thousand Signatures: The Rise Of Restrictive Ballot Access Laws And The Decline Of Electoral Competition In The United States, Oliver Hall

Seattle University Law Review

This Article explores one instance of the countermajoritarian problem in American democracy: how to protect the rights of minor parties and independent candidates participating in an electoral system dominated by two major parties. In particular, this Article focuses on the effect of modern ballot access laws on candidates' rights, arguing that courts ought to treat these laws as a presumptively impermissible form of "collusion in restraint of democracy." Although the article borrows the language of antitrust law, this argument is rooted in core constitutional principles and rights guaranteed under the First and Fourteenth Amendments. Nevertheless, the analogy to antitrust law …

Mental Disorder And The Civil/Criminal Distinction, Grant H. Morris

University of San Diego Public Law and Legal Theory Research Paper Series

This essay, written as part of a symposium issue to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the University of San Diego Law School, discusses the evaporating distinction between sentence-serving convicts and mentally disordered nonconvicts who are involved in, or who were involved in, the criminal process–people we label as both bad and mad. By examining one Supreme Court case from each of the decades that follow the opening of the University of San Diego School of Law, the essay demonstrates how the promise that nonconvict mentally disordered persons would be treated equally with other civilly committed mental patients was made and …

A State's Power To Enter Into A Consent Decree That Violates State Law Provisions: What "Findings" Of A Federal Violation Are Sufficient To Justify A Consent Decree That Trumps State Law?, David W. Swift

ExpressO

In the last forty years federal courts have played a prominent role in reshaping our public institutions. And while some scholars question the efficacy of these structural injuctions, the authority of federal courts to order such relief is generally unquestioned. What is open to debate, however, is whether state officials can agree to a remedy they would not have had the authority to order themselves; and if so, to what extent must an underlying constitutional violation be proved so as to justify the remedy?

This article discusses the competing theories and concludes that a remedy that violates state law may …

International Child Abductions: The Challenges Facing America , Charles F. Hall

ExpressO

International child abductors often escape domestic law enforcement and disappear without consequence or resolution. International child abductions occur too frequently; in the United States alone, the number of children abducted abroad every year has risen to over 1,000. Currently, 11,000 American children live abroad with their abductors. These abductions occur despite international treaties and the Congressional resolutions that have significantly stiffened the penalties for those caught. Effectively combating international child abductions requires drafting resolutions that are acceptable across the diverse societies and cultures of the international community. Without such resolutions to fill the gaps of current treaties this problem will …

Plainly Not "Error": Adjudicative Retroactivity On Direct Review, Meir Katz

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Supreme Court 2002 Term - The Property Cases: Iolta, Qui Tam Actions, And Punitive Damages (Symposium: The Fifteenth Annual Supreme Court Review), Leon D. Lazer

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

First Amendment Decisions - 2002 Term, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Equal Justice Under The Law: Why Iolta Programs Do Not Violate The First Amendment, Hillary A. Webber

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Civil Rights Plaintiffs And John Doe Defendants: A Study In § 1983 Procedure, Howard M. Wasserman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Rehnquist's Vietnam: Constitutional Separatism And The Stealth Advance Of Martial Law, Diane H. Mazur

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Concept Of Equality In Civil Procedure, William B. Rubenstein

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Storm Arrives: The First Amendment Cases In The Supreme Court's 1999-2000 Term, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Latest Word From The Supreme Court On Punitive Damages (Symposium: The Thirteenth Annual Supreme Court Review), Leon D. Lazer

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

The Calm After The Storm: First Amendment Cases In The Supreme Court's 2000-2001 Term, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Calm Before The Storm: First Amendment Cases In The 1998-99 Term, Joel Gora

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Municipalities' Suits Against Gun Manufacturers - Legal Folly, Lawrence S. Greenwald, Cynthia A. Shay

Journal of Health Care Law and Policy

No abstract provided.

Legal Beagle: Ece's Best Friend May Be The Civil Law, Gerard V. Bradley

Journal Articles

The Everson no-aid principle is still the law, though barely so. We are within sight, meaning that we are within a single vote on the Supreme Court, of return to the tradition described by the bishops. Consummation of this development must loom large in any plan for legal action in light of ECE. Short of the tradition's second coming, the only potential civil law cost of implementing ECE is this: if a Catholic college is deemed to be "pervasively sectarian" then, but only then, "direct" public aid to the institution will be constitutionally suspect. But no court is likely to …

Is The Excessive Fines Clause Excessively Kind To Money Launderers, Drug Dealers, And Tax Evaders, 33 J. Marshall L. Rev. 243 (1999), Ann Jennings Maron

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.

Boggs V. Boggs: Creating Real-Life Cinderellas, 33 J. Marshall L. Rev. 271 (1999), Heather J. Rose

UIC Law Review

No abstract provided.