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Articles 61 - 90 of 208

Full-Text Articles in Business Organizations Law

Warranty, Product Liability And Transaction Structure: The Problem Of Amazon, Edward J. Janger, Aaron D. Twerski Oct 2020

Warranty, Product Liability And Transaction Structure: The Problem Of Amazon, Edward J. Janger, Aaron D. Twerski

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Unmasking The Villain: Exposing Scammers’ Identities To Defeat Harmful Calls, Katherine Teng Jun 2020

Unmasking The Villain: Exposing Scammers’ Identities To Defeat Harmful Calls, Katherine Teng

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Since 1991, Congress has attempted to limit unwanted phone calls through legislative efforts. However, past and current laws remain ineffective as scam call complaints continue to increase while the harm of these calls remains severe. Currently, the laws affecting telecommunication regulation focus on reactive measures rather than preventative solutions. Most recently, Congress has passed the Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act, which will require telecommunication companies to implement SHAKEN/STIR technology to end scam calls before they reach consumers. While this is the most progressive legislation addressing scam calls, this Note will suggest that phone numbers be registered to …


“Estonia’S Gift To The World”: The Implementation Of A Blockchain Protocol For Corporate Governance In New York, Sydney Lauren Abualy Jun 2020

“Estonia’S Gift To The World”: The Implementation Of A Blockchain Protocol For Corporate Governance In New York, Sydney Lauren Abualy

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The traditional procedures of corporate governance are not designed to resolve issues related to close outcomes of corporate votes, empty voting practices, the proxy voting protocol, verification of shareholder identities, and access to corporate records. Blockchain technology allows all corporate shareholders to participate in corporate governance more conveniently, with increased transparency, on a secure network. Estonia sought to revolutionize corporate governance by facilitating the development of a blockchain based e-voting protocol for shareholders of companies listed on the Tallinn Stock Exchange to vote in shareholder meetings. After unsuccessful attempts, New York stands well behind other states, such as Delaware, in …


Revising The Debt Limit For “Small Business Debtors”: The Legislative Half-Measure Of The Small Business Reorganization Act, Michael C. Blackmon Jun 2020

Revising The Debt Limit For “Small Business Debtors”: The Legislative Half-Measure Of The Small Business Reorganization Act, Michael C. Blackmon

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Bankruptcy law changed drastically in 2019 with the passage of several bills. This Note will examine two of them. First, the Family Farmer Relief Act of 2019 raised the debt limit of the family farmer from $4,411,400 to $10,000,000. This enables more financially distressed family farmers to be eligible for Chapter 12 relief, a reorganizational tool designed for farmers. Second, the Small Business Reorganization Act of 2019 created Subchapter V – Small Business Debtor Reorganization in Chapter 11. This new Subchapter streamlined the reorganization process for small business debtors by removing roadblocks which often derail a reorganization of a small …


The Criminal, Regulatory, And Civil Issues Surrounding Intellectual Property And Cybersecurity, Ernest Edward Badway, Christie Mcguinness Jun 2020

The Criminal, Regulatory, And Civil Issues Surrounding Intellectual Property And Cybersecurity, Ernest Edward Badway, Christie Mcguinness

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Cyber-attacks have affected all organizations and individual consumers. Dissemination of relevant information and attention to strong information security practices is an important tool in fighting this cyber “pandemic.” Additionally, the legal and regulatory liability companies face from cyber-attacks as well as general strategies and practical solutions companies may implement to protect against cyber-intrusions and respond effectively in the event of an attack are considered. There are many iterations of cyber-crime, and we address the various methods cybercriminals use and the many ways cyber-attacks can take place, as well as the entities and victims affected. Moreover, the legal liability and regulatory …


A Taxonomy Of Cryptocurrency Enforcement Actions, Peter J. Henning Jun 2020

A Taxonomy Of Cryptocurrency Enforcement Actions, Peter J. Henning

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

This article looks at how the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) have pursued cases involving cryptocurrencies. A number of prosecutions have been brought against defendants who misled investors into believing that they were obtaining cryptocurrencies when in fact there were simply false statements and schemes to defraud, such as Ponzi schemes. When a company has attempted to issue a cryptocurrency to investors, the SEC has relied on Section 5(a) and 5(c) of the Securities Act of 1933 to require that issuers file a registration statement with the Commission. This is not an easy process …


The Heavy Hand Of Amazon: A Seller Not A Neutral Platform, Edward J. Janger, Aaron D. Twerski Jun 2020

The Heavy Hand Of Amazon: A Seller Not A Neutral Platform, Edward J. Janger, Aaron D. Twerski

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Since the adoption of Section 402A of the Second Restatement of Torts, every party in a product’s distribution chain has been potentially liable for injuries caused by product defects. Consumers who buy from reputable sellers are almost always guaranteed to have a solvent defendant if injured by a product defect. Amazon, though responsible for a vast number of retail sales, has sought to avoid liability by claiming that it is not a seller but a neutral platform that merely facilitates third-party sales to consumers. With two significant exceptions, most courts have sided with Amazon and concluded that Amazon is not …


Value Tracing And Priority In Cross-Border Group Bankruptcies: Solving The Nortel Problem From The Bottom Up, Edward Janger, Stephan Madaus Apr 2020

Value Tracing And Priority In Cross-Border Group Bankruptcies: Solving The Nortel Problem From The Bottom Up, Edward Janger, Stephan Madaus

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Compliance Elites, Miriam Baer Apr 2020

Compliance Elites, Miriam Baer

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Little Power Struggles Everywhere: Attacks On The Administrative State At The Securities And Exchange Commission, Roberta S. Karmel Apr 2020

Little Power Struggles Everywhere: Attacks On The Administrative State At The Securities And Exchange Commission, Roberta S. Karmel

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Foundation Regulation In Our Age Of Impact, Dana Brakman Reiser Apr 2020

Foundation Regulation In Our Age Of Impact, Dana Brakman Reiser

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


The Proceduralist Inversion–A Response To Skeel, Edward Janger, Adam J. Levitin Jan 2020

The Proceduralist Inversion–A Response To Skeel, Edward Janger, Adam J. Levitin

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Three Conceptions Of Corporate Crime (And One Avenue For Reform), Miriam H. Baer Jan 2020

Three Conceptions Of Corporate Crime (And One Avenue For Reform), Miriam H. Baer

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


The Information Shortfalls Of Prosecuting Irresponsible Executives, Miriam H. Baer Jan 2020

The Information Shortfalls Of Prosecuting Irresponsible Executives, Miriam H. Baer

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Buyer Beware: Variation And Opacity In Esg And Esg Index Funds, Dana Brakman Reiser, Anne Tucker Jan 2020

Buyer Beware: Variation And Opacity In Esg And Esg Index Funds, Dana Brakman Reiser, Anne Tucker

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Chipping Away At Compliance: How Compliance Programs Lose Legitimacy And Its Impact On Unethical Behavior, David Hess Dec 2019

Chipping Away At Compliance: How Compliance Programs Lose Legitimacy And Its Impact On Unethical Behavior, David Hess

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Employee perceptions of an organization’s compliance program are critical. A program that has lost legitimacy with its employees is not just ineffective, but it creates more harm than good by leading to more unethical behavior. This Article identifies ways in which compliance programs can start to lose legitimacy, explains how that lost legitimacy leads to increased wrongdoing, and then concludes by setting out some basic reforms focused on helping stop this downward spiral and protecting the legitimacy of the compliance function.


Third-Party Funding: The Road To Compatibility In International Arbitration, Vienna Messina Dec 2019

Third-Party Funding: The Road To Compatibility In International Arbitration, Vienna Messina

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

Third-party funding in global commerce and dispute resolution has gained considerable traction in the last few decades. The rise in complex international arbitration cases has encouraged a demand for third-party funding arrangements since the disputes involve large amounts of money in addition to high legal costs. This Note explores the implications of third-party funding on the practice of international arbitration, particularly with the expansion of arbitral institutions’ doctrinal rules to address the use of third-party funding. Much of the pre-existing research and literature highlights the issues that third-party funding poses in international arbitration proceedings, but fails to consider a broader, …


Social Responsibility Regulation And Its Challenges To Corporate Compliance, Stephen Kim Park Dec 2019

Social Responsibility Regulation And Its Challenges To Corporate Compliance, Stephen Kim Park

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

This Article addresses the intersection of corporate social responsibility and corporate compliance. In this context, the focus of this Article is on regulation that seeks to enhance socially responsible corporate conduct and its implications for the compliance function. Social responsibility regulation raises operational concerns for companies, including problems associated with assessing social performance, the proliferation and fragmentation of legal obligations, and the contested nature of the social issues that it addresses. As laws mandating socially responsible corporate conduct continue to grow in number and expand in scope, corporations will increasingly need to acknowledge and respond to these challenges.


“Fair Enough”? Revising The Yellowstone Injunction To Fit New York’S Commercial Leasing Landscape And Promote Judicial Economy, Gabriel W. Block Dec 2019

“Fair Enough”? Revising The Yellowstone Injunction To Fit New York’S Commercial Leasing Landscape And Promote Judicial Economy, Gabriel W. Block

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The Yellowstone injunction is an equitable remedy that tolls any applicable cure period and gives tenants a better opportunity to maintain their leasehold when they have defaulted under their lease. The remedy is available to commercial tenants in New York City and to commercial and residential tenants throughout the State. This Note examines the Yellowstone injunction in the context of New York City’s commercial tenants, who employ it most frequently and benefit most from its protections. This Note examines the development and application of the Yellowstone injunction and proposes changing the doctrine to exclude cases of monetary defaults and expired …


Artificial Intelligence & Artificial Prices: Safeguarding Securities Markets From Manipulation By Non-Human Actors, Daniel W. Slemmer Dec 2019

Artificial Intelligence & Artificial Prices: Safeguarding Securities Markets From Manipulation By Non-Human Actors, Daniel W. Slemmer

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Securities traders are currently competing to use Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) in order to make more profitable decisions in the marketplace. While A.I. provides superior abilities in recognizing market patterns, its complexity can obscure its decision-making process beyond human comprehension. Problematically, the current securities laws prohibiting manipulation of securities prices rest liability for violations on a trader’s intent. In order to prepare for A.I. market participants, both courts and regulators need to accept that human concepts of decision-making will be inadequate in regulating A.I. behavior. However, the wealth of case law in the market manipulation doctrine need not be cast aside. …


Emerging Trends In Corporate Enforcement And Corporate Compliance: Symposium Introduction, James Fanto, Miriam Baer Oct 2019

Emerging Trends In Corporate Enforcement And Corporate Compliance: Symposium Introduction, James Fanto, Miriam Baer

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Partnership-Related Relatedness: Measuring Partners' Capital Interests And Profits Interests, Bradley T. Borden Sep 2019

Partnership-Related Relatedness: Measuring Partners' Capital Interests And Profits Interests, Bradley T. Borden

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


The King Of The Casl: Canada’S Anti-Spam Law Invades The United States, Arthur Shaykevich Jun 2019

The King Of The Casl: Canada’S Anti-Spam Law Invades The United States, Arthur Shaykevich

Brooklyn Law Review

U.S. businesses periodically adjust their marketing practices to foreign law innovations. Several years ago, U.S. businesses emailing into Canada had to incorporate Canada’s Anti-Spam Law, otherwise known as CASL. Businesses that believed they email only U.S.-based customers likely dismissed CASL as not applicable. Others may never have heard of the law altogether. As this note discusses, CASL created a compliance conundrum for U.S. businesses. Since CASL methodically differs from the U.S. anti-spam law, CAN-SPAM, it may be in a business’s best interest to apply this law to its Canadian subset and not to the entire email population. Neither the law …


Investing In A Qualified Opportunity Fund: A Viable Alternative To A Section 1031 Drop-Swap Cash-Out, Bradley T. Borden May 2019

Investing In A Qualified Opportunity Fund: A Viable Alternative To A Section 1031 Drop-Swap Cash-Out, Bradley T. Borden

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Activist Shareholders At De Facto Controlled Companies, Gaia Balp May 2019

Activist Shareholders At De Facto Controlled Companies, Gaia Balp

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Activist campaigns are likely to increasingly target controlled companies. Studies concerning activism at controlled companies focus on shareholder-empowering tools, such as the right to nominate and elect minority directors on the board, as a pathway for limiting the principal-principal agency problem. However, not enough attention has been paid to the distinction between de jure and de facto controlled companies. Building on a recent case concerning a leading Italian corporation, this Article analyzes the possible unexpected corporate governance consequences of successful activist intervention at de facto controlled companies, showing that, where minority shareholders are granted the right to appoint directors on …


Basic And Non-Basic Tax Tips For Leasing Lawyers, Bradley T. Borden Mar 2019

Basic And Non-Basic Tax Tips For Leasing Lawyers, Bradley T. Borden

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Rating Analyst Degrees Of Freedom, Vijay Raghavan Jan 2019

Rating Analyst Degrees Of Freedom, Vijay Raghavan

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


The Creditors' Bargain Reconstituted: Comments On Barry Adler's The Creditors' Bargain Revisited, Edward Janger Jan 2019

The Creditors' Bargain Reconstituted: Comments On Barry Adler's The Creditors' Bargain Revisited, Edward Janger

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Shareholders United?, Andrew K. Jennings Jan 2019

Shareholders United?, Andrew K. Jennings

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Basic And Non-Basic Tax Tips For Leasing Lawyers, Bradley T. Borden Jan 2019

Basic And Non-Basic Tax Tips For Leasing Lawyers, Bradley T. Borden

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.