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Articles 151 - 180 of 228
Full-Text Articles in Administrative Law
Acting Like An Administrative Agency: The Federal Circuit En Banc, Ryan G. Vacca
Acting Like An Administrative Agency: The Federal Circuit En Banc, Ryan G. Vacca
Law Faculty Scholarship
When Congress created the Federal Circuit in 1982, it thought it was creating a court of appeals. Little did it know that it was also creating a quasi-administrative agency that would engage in substantive rulemaking and set policy in a manner substantially similar to administrative agencies. In this Article, I examine the Federal Circuit's practices when it orders a case to be heard en banc and illustrate how these practices cause the Federal Circuit to look very much like an administrative agency engaging in substantive rulemaking. The number and breadth of questions the Federal Circuit agrees to hear en banc …
Supervising Managed Services, James B. Speta
Supervising Managed Services, James B. Speta
Faculty Working Papers
Many Internet-access providers simultaneously offer Internet access and other services, such as traditional video channels, video on demand, voice calling, and other emerging services, through a single, converged platform. These other services—which can be called "managed services" because the carrier offers them only to its subscribers in a manner designed to ensure some quality of service—in many circumstances will compete with services that are offered by unaffiliated parties as applications or services on the Internet. This situation creates an important interaction effect between the domains of Internet access and managed services, an effect that has largely been missing from the …
Gaming The Past: The Theory And Practice Of Historic Baselines In The Administrative State, J.B. Ruhl, James Salzman
Gaming The Past: The Theory And Practice Of Historic Baselines In The Administrative State, J.B. Ruhl, James Salzman
Vanderbilt Law Review
In 1988, candidate George H. W. Bush was in a tight race for the presidency, behind in the polls to the Democratic challenger, Michael Dukakis. Stung by the D+ grade given by the League of Conservation Voters, Bush was searching for a way to claw back some of the environmental vote.' He saw an opening in wetlands. Perceived as worthless swamps and wasted development opportunities for most of our nation's history, conversion of wetlands for agricultural and urban land uses has resulted in a staggering loss of resources. Beginning in the 1970s, however, views started to change, with growing recognition …
Political Factors And Enforcement Of The Nursing Home Regulatory Regime, Philip C. Aka, Lucinda M. Deason, Augustine Hammond
Political Factors And Enforcement Of The Nursing Home Regulatory Regime, Philip C. Aka, Lucinda M. Deason, Augustine Hammond
Journal of Law and Health
This study analyzes the influence of political factors, oversight, and nursing home affiliation or ownership status on the enforcement of the nursing home regulatory regime, signified by the Nursing Home Reform Act ("NHRA") and its progeny. Specifically speaking, it measures, using the statistical technique of regression analysis, factors that account for variations across states in the number of deficiencies (or violations of quality standards) cited by nursing home inspectors across the states. This work is a first of its kind, an analysis not government-related, by a set of public administration scholars that systematically studies the influence of political forces on …
Substituting Substantive For Procedural Review Of Guidance Documents, Mark Seidenfeld
Substituting Substantive For Procedural Review Of Guidance Documents, Mark Seidenfeld
Scholarly Publications
No abstract provided.
The United States Court Of Appeals For Veterans Claims: Has It Mastered Chevron's Step Zero?, Linda Jellum
The United States Court Of Appeals For Veterans Claims: Has It Mastered Chevron's Step Zero?, Linda Jellum
Articles
No abstract provided.
Punctuated Equilibrium: A Model For Administrative Evolution, 44 J. Marshall L. Rev. 353 (2011), Mark C. Niles
Punctuated Equilibrium: A Model For Administrative Evolution, 44 J. Marshall L. Rev. 353 (2011), Mark C. Niles
UIC Law Review
No abstract provided.
Nursing The Primary Care Shortage Back To Health: How Expanding Nurse Practitioner Autonomy Can Safely And Economically Meet The Growing Demand For Basic Health Care , Michael B. Zand
Journal of Law and Health
This article first discusses the history and educational requirements of the Nurse Practitioner profession. It then discusses the policy reasons why Nurse Practitioners should, and do, play an important role in the country's health care delivery system. The core of the article deals with the legal issues surrounding the NP's scope of practice including the need for collaborative agreements with physicians, authority to prescribe drugs, and identification. Finally the article discusses how NPs fit into the health insurance scheme and their liability for malpractice.
Toward Legitimacy Through Collaborative Governance: An Analysis Of The Effect Of South Carolina's Office Of Regulatory Staff On Public Utility Regulation, William H. Ellerbe
Toward Legitimacy Through Collaborative Governance: An Analysis Of The Effect Of South Carolina's Office Of Regulatory Staff On Public Utility Regulation, William H. Ellerbe
Michigan Telecommunications & Technology Law Review
In 2004 the South Carolina General Assembly instituted a major reform to its system of public utility regulation. Previously, the Public Service Commission, the administrative agency in charge of regulating public utilities, both adjudicated utility proceedings and, through its staff,a advocated for the public interest. A scandal concerning revelations of extensive ex parte communications between regulated utilities and members of the Public Service Commission led to the 2004 reform, which created the Office of Regulatory Staff (ORS) as a separate agency to perform the Commission's advocative functions. In my research, I use data on fuel factor proceedings before and after …
Heads I Win, Tails You Lose: Reconciling Brown V. Gardner's Presumption That Interpretive Doubt Be Resolved In Veterans' Favor With Chevron, Linda Jellum
Articles
In Chevron U.S.A. Inc. v. Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., the United States Supreme Court held that agencies should determine the meaning of ambiguous statutes. But in the veterans law case Brown v. Gardner, the Supreme Court directed lower courts to resolve interpretive doubt in ambiguous statutes in favor of veterans. Which interpretation controls when a statute is ambiguous-the agency's reasonable interpretation or the veteran's interpretation? To date, none of the courts faced with this conflict have resolved this question clearly or definitively; indeed, the United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims recently asked the Supreme Court …
Winter 2011 Utton Center Newsletter, Utton Center, University Of New Mexico - School Of Law
Winter 2011 Utton Center Newsletter, Utton Center, University Of New Mexico - School Of Law
Publications
No abstract provided.
Substance, Procedure, And The Divided Patent Power, Joseph S. Miller
Substance, Procedure, And The Divided Patent Power, Joseph S. Miller
Scholarly Works
The Patent Office has the power to issue rules that “shall govern the conduct of proceedings in the Office,” 35 U.S.C. § 2(b)(2), but not the power to issue substantive rules. It has been this way since 1870, when Congress first granted the Office this regulatory power, in nearly these same words. Just how broad is this grant? How should a reviewing court determine whether a challenged Patent Office rule is procedural (and thus valid) or substantive (and thus invalid)? It is remarkable that in 2010, 140 years after Congress gave the Patent Office this power, the proper sorting standard …
Capture In Financial Regulation: Can We Redirect It Toward The Common Good?, Lawrence G. Baxter
Capture In Financial Regulation: Can We Redirect It Toward The Common Good?, Lawrence G. Baxter
Faculty Scholarship
“Regulatory capture” is central to regulatory analysis yet is a troublesome concept. It is difficult to prove and sometimes seems refuted by outcomes unfavorable to powerful interests. Nevertheless, the process of bank regulation and supervision fosters a closeness between regulator and regulated that would seem to be conducive to “capture” or at least to fostering undue sympathy by regulators for the companies they oversee. The influence of very large financial institutions has also become so great that financial regulation appears to have become excessively distorted in favor of these entities and to the detriment of many other legitimate interests, including …
Comparing Regulatory Oversight Bodies Across The Atlantic: The Office Of Information And Regulatory Affairs In The Us And The Impact Assessment Board In The Eu, Jonathan B. Wiener, Alberto Alemanno
Comparing Regulatory Oversight Bodies Across The Atlantic: The Office Of Information And Regulatory Affairs In The Us And The Impact Assessment Board In The Eu, Jonathan B. Wiener, Alberto Alemanno
Faculty Scholarship
‘Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?’ asked the Roman poet Juvenal – ‘who will watch the watchers, who will guard the guardians?’ As legislative and regulatory processes around the globe progressively put greater emphasis on impact assessment and accountability, we ask: who oversees the regulators? Although regulation can often be necessary and beneficial, it can also impose its own costs. As a result, many governments have embraced, or are considering embracing, regulatory oversight--frequently relying on economic analysis as a tool of evaluation. We are especially interested in the emergence over the last four decades of a new set of institutional actors, the …
Adaptive Regulation In The Amoral Bazaar, Lawrence G. Baxter
Adaptive Regulation In The Amoral Bazaar, Lawrence G. Baxter
Faculty Scholarship
Twelfth Oliver Schreiner Memorial Lecture,delivered on 20 October 2010 at the School of Law, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Many gradual changes in science, law and society are crystallizing to shape a significant transformation in administrative law. The doctrinal framework within which Justice Schreiner himself attempted to modernize how law should regulate government and private economic activity seems from our vantage point to be quite antiquated. In explaining why, my examples will come from the world of financial services, but they could easily be found anywhere in the area of law and regulation. First I will outline the …
State Enforcement Of Federal Law, Margaret H. Lemos
State Enforcement Of Federal Law, Margaret H. Lemos
Faculty Scholarship
Federal law is enforced through a combination of public and private efforts. Virtually all federal civil statutes vest enforcement authority in a federal agency; some also create private rights of action that permit private parties to sue to enforce federal law. Decades of commentary on the choice between public and private enforcement have generated a remarkably stable set of arguments about the strengths and weaknesses of each type. But the conventional wisdom tells only part of the story, as it ignores variations within the category of public enforcement. In fact, there are two distinct types of public enforcement. Many federal …
Would The Reins Act Rein In Federal Regulation?, Jonathan H. Adler
Would The Reins Act Rein In Federal Regulation?, Jonathan H. Adler
Faculty Publications
Federal regulation reaches nearly all aspects of modern life and is pervasive in the modern economy. Much of this regulation may be necessary or advisable, but there is understandable concern that regulatory agencies act outside the authority delegated to them by Congress. The proposed Regulations of the Executive in Need of Scrutiny (REINS) Act is intended to remedy this by requiring that major regulations receive the approval of Congress through an expedited process. Critics of the REINS Act claim it would severely curtain important regulatory efforts and allow for all sorts of congressional gamesmanship. In fact, the REINS Act would …
The Case For Rebalancing Antitrust And Regulation, Howard A. Shelanski
The Case For Rebalancing Antitrust And Regulation, Howard A. Shelanski
Michigan Law Review
The continued growth of forensic DNA databases has brought about greater interest in a search method known as "familial" or "kinship" matching. Whereas a typical database search seeks the source of a crime-scene stain by making an exact match between a known person and the DNA sample, familial searching instead looks for partial matches in order to find potential relatives of the source. The use of a familial DNA search to identify the alleged "Grim Sleeper" killer in California brought national attention to the method, which has many proponents. In contrast, this Article argues against the practice of familial searching …
Coming Clean And Cleaning Up: Does Voluntary Self-Reporting Indicate Effective Self-Policing?, Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel
Coming Clean And Cleaning Up: Does Voluntary Self-Reporting Indicate Effective Self-Policing?, Jodi L. Short, Michael W. Toffel
Faculty Scholarship
No abstract provided.
Irs's Recent Uncertain Tax Positions Initiative: A Tangle Of Accounting, Tax And Privilege Issues, 9 Depaul Bus. & Comm. L.J. 401 (2011), Kathryn J. Kennedy
Irs's Recent Uncertain Tax Positions Initiative: A Tangle Of Accounting, Tax And Privilege Issues, 9 Depaul Bus. & Comm. L.J. 401 (2011), Kathryn J. Kennedy
UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship
Given the extremely limited source of resources available to the IRS in recent years, it's not surprising that it is exploring all sorts of avenues to increase its efficiency, particularly relying on corporate taxpayers to self report questionable tax positions. Under the banner of "corporate governance" and "transparency," the Service issued a series of proposals in 2010 requiring disclosure of uncertain tax positions ("UTPs") by corporate taxpayers. The Service essentially piggybacked on the recently imposed 2006 audit requirements that reserves be posted for contingent tax liabilities (i.e., tax positions that could later not be sustained, and therefore had to be …
Disclosing The President’S Role In Rulemaking: A Critique Of The Reform Proposals, Stephen M. Johnson
Disclosing The President’S Role In Rulemaking: A Critique Of The Reform Proposals, Stephen M. Johnson
Articles
Whether for want of time, expertise, or political will, Congress frequently drafts laws that leave important questions unanswered. Ever since the New Deal era, administrative agencies have resolved these questions pursuant to broad delegations of authority from Congress. For decades, academics have debated the appropriate role for the President in the process of settling such questions. In practice, the President and the President's staff often exert strong influence over agencies in their resolution of the unanswered questions. Frequently, though, the President's hand is invisible in the records created by the agencies to justify their decisions. Rather than documenting political influences, …
Coming Clean And Cleaning Up: Does Voluntary Self-Reporting Indicate Effective Self-Policing?, Michael W. Toffel, Jodi Short
Coming Clean And Cleaning Up: Does Voluntary Self-Reporting Indicate Effective Self-Policing?, Michael W. Toffel, Jodi Short
Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works
Administrative agencies are increasingly establishing voluntary self-reporting programs both as an investigative tool and to encourage regulated firms to commit to policing themselves. We investigate whether self-reporting can reliably indicate effective self-policing efforts that might provide opportunities for enforcement efficiencies. We find that regulators used self-reports of legal violations as a heuristic for identifying firms that are effectively policing their own operations, shifting enforcement resources away from voluntary disclosers. We also find that firms that voluntarily disclosed regulatory violations and committed to self-policing improved their regulatory compliance and environmental performance, suggesting that the enforcement relief they received was warranted. Collectively, …
Better Late Than Never: How The Online Advertising Industry’S Response To Proposed Privacy Legislation Eliminates The Need For Regulation, Catherine Schmierer
Better Late Than Never: How The Online Advertising Industry’S Response To Proposed Privacy Legislation Eliminates The Need For Regulation, Catherine Schmierer
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
Although Julie Matlin liked the shoes she saw on Zappos.com, she ultimately left the site without purchasing them. However, it was not the last time she would see that pair of shoes. For the next several days, the shoes followed Ms. Matlin to numerous other websites. “It was as if Zappos had unleashed a persistent salesmen who wouldn’t take no for an answer.” Understandably, Ms. Matlin found this “online stalking” disturbing, but she was more troubled when ads for her online dieting service started following her as well. She stated, “They are still following me around, and it makes me …
Spilling Secrets: Trade Secret Disclosure And Takings In Offshore Drilling Regulation, Michael A. Greene
Spilling Secrets: Trade Secret Disclosure And Takings In Offshore Drilling Regulation, Michael A. Greene
Richmond Journal of Law & Technology
This Article will explore whether the law may require the disclosure of adequate proprietary information to enable effective regulation. Part II will discuss the settled law regarding the property status of trade secrets, the regulatory takings doctrine, the applicability of the Takings Clause of the United States Constitution to proprietary data, and the exactions doctrine. Part III will explore the validity of the mandatory submission of proprietary health, safety, and environmental data to government regulators, with the guarantee that such data will be kept secret from competitors and the public. Part IV will then explore the validity of regulation mandating …
Trade Secrets, Disclosure, And Dissent In A Fracturing Energy Revolution, Hannah J. Wiseman
Trade Secrets, Disclosure, And Dissent In A Fracturing Energy Revolution, Hannah J. Wiseman
Scholarly Publications
In the United States, Congress has traditionally relied, in part, upon citizen participation to control industrial activity and its effects on public welfare. It has also required industry to disclose certain information to the public in order to enable this participation. Early on in the movement toward expanded federal regulation of industry, Congress granted broad standing to individuals in generous “private attorney general” provisions in environmental and business-related statutes. It also required agencies to follow strict notice-and-comment rulemaking procedures, which directed agencies to publicize proposed rules and receive citizen comments. Through statutes such as the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know …
Regulating The Science Of Forensic Evidence: A Broken System Requires A New Federal Agency, Jessica D. Gabel, Ashley D. Champion
Regulating The Science Of Forensic Evidence: A Broken System Requires A New Federal Agency, Jessica D. Gabel, Ashley D. Champion
Faculty Publications By Year
Professor Gabel and Ms. Champion agree with Mr. Goldstein's argument that serious validity and reliability problems plague forensic science, but, using the recent Troy Davis case in Georgia as an illustration, they argue for federal rather than state oversight. Gabel and Champion assert that many states lack the funding to construct an adequate system and that the fragmentation caused by different state systems would be a significant impediment to reform. They suggest a federal agency that, like the Environmental Protection Agency, would set minimum standards but allow states to experiment with enhanced regulation.
A Whole New World Of False-Claims-Act Liability: The 2009 Amendments And Learning Where To Draw The Line, David Baker
A Whole New World Of False-Claims-Act Liability: The 2009 Amendments And Learning Where To Draw The Line, David Baker
Catholic University Law Review
No abstract provided.
Human Rights -- Latin America, Indigenous Peoples -- Latin America, Neoliberalism -- Latin America, Ethnicity.Gov: Global Governance, Indigenous Peoples, And The Right To Prior Consultation In Social Minefields, César Rodríguez-Garavito
Human Rights -- Latin America, Indigenous Peoples -- Latin America, Neoliberalism -- Latin America, Ethnicity.Gov: Global Governance, Indigenous Peoples, And The Right To Prior Consultation In Social Minefields, César Rodríguez-Garavito
Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies
This article explores law's protagonism and effects in contemporary conflicts over development, natural resource extraction, and indigenous peoples' rights. It focuses on the sociolegal site where these conflicts have been most visible and acute: consultations with indigenous peoples prior to the undertaking of economic projects that affect them. I argue that legal disputes over prior consultation are part of a broader process of juridification of ethnic claims, which I call "ethnicity.gov." I examine the plurality of public and private regulations involved in this process and trace their affinity with the procedural logic of neoliberal global governance. I further argue that …
Partner Capture In Public International Organizations, Christopher G. Bradley
Partner Capture In Public International Organizations, Christopher G. Bradley
Law Faculty Scholarly Articles
A sharp rise of public-private partnerships is changing the way the United Nations and other public international organizations work. Organizations eagerly embrace wealthy, experienced partners, such as major foundations and corporations, in order to fund ambitious projects. But safeguards against potential problems have not kept pace with partnership activities. Looking to fundamental principles of public choice and political economy well-known in the U.S. administrative law context, this Article develops a multifaceted notion of “partner capture” to describe the dangers of this expansion in partnership activities for the U.N. and similar organizations. The dangers include agenda distortion, intra-organizational rivalries, reputational damage, …
Reflections On The U.K. Tribunal Reform: A Canadian Perspective, Lorne Sossin
Reflections On The U.K. Tribunal Reform: A Canadian Perspective, Lorne Sossin
Articles & Book Chapters
I have been following the United Kingdom reforms with interest, and in particular, the journey Lord Justice Carnwath has been pursuing with the Tribunal community in the United Kingdom (UK). The establishment of a unified Tribunals system arose out of a desire to bring tribunals more expressly under the umbrella of the justice system in order to better serve parties coming before those tribunals. The rationales for the UK reform were set out in a 2001 review conducted by Sir Andrew Leggett -- “Tribunals for Users -- One system One Service.”I would like to offer a Canadian perspective on the …