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Articles 361 - 390 of 404
Full-Text Articles in Administrative Law
Public Utility Valuation - Rate Base
Public Utility Valuation - Rate Base
Michigan Law Review
The California Railroad Commission, in conducting a hearing in 1930 on natural gas rates charged by the Los Angeles Gas and Electric Corporation, found that the "historical value" of the utility was $60,704,000, and that its "fair value" for rate-making purposes was $65,000,000. This fair. value figure included no specific allowance for going concern value. The company's engineers had estimated the fair value at $95,000,000, on the basis of the "present cost of reproduction" theory. The commission, relying on its fair value figure of $65,000,000, ordered a rate reduction. A three-judge federal court refused to enjoin the enforcement of the …
Burden Of Proof In Rate Cases Involving Inter-Corporate Charges, William E. Treadway
Burden Of Proof In Rate Cases Involving Inter-Corporate Charges, William E. Treadway
Michigan Law Review
The United States Supreme Court has held repeatedly that dealings between intercorporately related companies should be scrutinized closely to prevent any unfair advantage being taken of a subsidiary public utility company by a dominant organization through an exercise of the control inherent in capital stock ownership.1 Yet in an opinion written by Mr. Justice McReynolds in 1923, the court laid down a rule for utilities commissions in rate cases involving intercorporate service-contract charges which, if strictly adhered to, would have sounded the death knell for effective commission regulation.
Administrative Tribunals -Workmen's Compensation - Scope Of Federal Judicial Review Under Longshoremen's And Harbor Workers' Compensation Act
Michigan Law Review
The recent decision of Crowell v. Benson by the United States Supreme Court throws interesting light on the constitutionality of delegating final fact-finding powers to administrative tribunals. The case arose under the Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act which gives deputy commissioners full authority to hear and determine all questions in respect to claims for compensation for disability or death resulting from injuries occurring on the navigable waters of the United States/ The act further provides that if the compensation order is "not in accordance with law" it "may be suspended or set aside in whole or in part, through …
Corporations - New Types Of Securities Under Blue Sky Legislation
Corporations - New Types Of Securities Under Blue Sky Legislation
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff company, in order to secure capital to finance the purchase and construction of retail gasoline stations and bulk plants in Wisconsin, proposed to sell coupon books for the sum of $35 per book. Purchases made with these coupons entitled the holder of the book to certain credits which, upon accumulation, were to be redistributed to him in cash upon presentation of coupons in the amount of 25 cents or more. Along with each coupon book there was to be issued to each purchaser a so-called good-will contract which, after stating its purpose as being to secure the good …
An Important Study Of The Interstate Commerce Commission
An Important Study Of The Interstate Commerce Commission
Michigan Law Review
A review of THE INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION - A STUDY IN ADMINISTRATIVE LAW AND PROCEDURE. By I. L. Sharfman
Trade Restraints - Resale Price Maintenance
Trade Restraints - Resale Price Maintenance
Michigan Law Review
Petition to review an order of the Federal Trade Commission requiring the petitioner to cease and desist certain trade methods found to be unfair. Held, that while the petitioner had a right to refuse to sell goods to those who did not sell them at the suggested resale prices, with the further right to state to them its reasons for so doing, the petitioner was rightly ordered to desist from requiring dealers, placing orders, to give assurance that they would be governed by the suggested resale prices as a condition precedent to the acceptance of the orders. Shakespeare Co. …
Report On The Enforcement Of The Deportation Laws Of The United States, E. Blythe Stason
Report On The Enforcement Of The Deportation Laws Of The United States, E. Blythe Stason
Michigan Law Review
This report is concurred in by nine of the eleven members of the Commission. Two members, Henry W. Anderson and Kenneth Mackintosh, file dissenting statements. The Report is accompanied by a thoroughly interesting research study of the administration of the deportation laws, prepared by Reuben Oppenheimer. Since this study constitutes the basis of the report, and since the majority of the Commission concur in the conclusions and recommendations set forth in it, the following remarks will deal primarily with the study itself.
Administrative Tribunals-Right To Federal Injunction Against Administrative Orders
Administrative Tribunals-Right To Federal Injunction Against Administrative Orders
Michigan Law Review
The public utility commission of Ohio refused to permit the plaintiff motor bus company to operate over a portion of the route for which application was made for a certificate. The plaintiff applied to the federal district court for an injunction against enforcement of the commission's order on the ground that it amounted to a deprivation of property without due process. A temporary injunction was granted. Thereafter, the plaintiff took a statutory appeal to the state supreme court, which affirmed the order, after which the plaintiff sought a permanent injunction in the federal court. Held, the decision of the …
Public Utilities-Power Of Interstate Commerce Commision To Give Certificate Of Convenience And Necessity
Michigan Law Review
Certain coal fields in West Virginia are served by the Chesapeake and Ohio, the Norfolk and Western, and the Virginian railroads. The Chesapeake and the Norfolk compete for the westbound coal traffic coming over the Virginian which has no lines in the western part of these fields. The Interstate Commerce Commission authorized the Virginian to build a short connecting line which made possible much cheaper carriage over the Chesapeake, and authorized the Norfolk to construct a similar line in order to compete on equal terms. The Chesapeake sought a reversal on the ground that the Interstate Commerce Commission is not …
Administrative Finality, A. Martin Tollefson
Administrative Finality, A. Martin Tollefson
Michigan Law Review
The purpose of this article is two-fold. In the first place it is intended to set forth certain determining factors (a) as to whether or not administrative decisions are subject to review in cases where their finality is challenged before the courts and (b) if subject to review, to what extent. The second purpose is to call attention to the need for improvement in this country along the lines of executive or administrative justice from the standpoint of better agencies and better- facilities for disposing of litigated questions within the administrative tribunals. It should be said at the outset, however, …
Administrative Tribunals--Judicial Notice
Administrative Tribunals--Judicial Notice
Michigan Law Review
The plaintiff corporation, a retail distributor of gas, contracted for its supply over a three-year period from a service company, and filed its rate schedule with the public utilities commission. The commission ordered a lower rate, its order being based on files of schedules of other distributing companies, which were found to show that the plaintiff's contract was excessive and that a lower rate could have been contracted for. These files were not introduced into evidence, but the commission took notice of them as a matter of public record. Plaintiff petitioned for an injunction against enforcement of the order. Held …
Administative Tribunals-Judicial Review Of Legislative Functions
Administative Tribunals-Judicial Review Of Legislative Functions
Michigan Law Review
On refusal of the Federal Radio Commission to renew its license for a broadcasting station with the existing terms, on the ground that public convenience and necessity did not require it, the applicant company availed itself of a statutory appeal to the court of appeals of the District of Columbia which reversed the finding as to public convenience and necessity. The commission applied to the United States Supreme Court for a writ of certiorari. Held, writ dismissed on the theory that the court had no jurisdiction to review the exercise pf an administrative or legislative power, and that the …
Carriers-Division Of Joint Rates
Carriers-Division Of Joint Rates
Michigan Law Review
The divisions here involved were those to be made in joint rates between points in southwestern territory and those in western trunk-line territory, or via western territory to and from eastern points. The line between western and southwestern territory passes through St. Louis and other Missouri and Illinois towns. The divisions of these joint rates between the carriers in these territories had been in existence for many years and were without uniform or rational basis. The Interstate Commerce Commission, investigating these divisions, found them more favor able to southwestern lines than present circumstances justified. Conditions in southwestern territory had become …
Cooperative Associations And The Public, John Hanna
Cooperative Associations And The Public, John Hanna
Michigan Law Review
The American Institute of Cooperation at its first summer meeting in Philadelphia in 1925, devoted many hours to a consideration of the definition of agricultural cooperation. Even at that time cooperative associations had been described, if not defined, by federal legislation. The Bureau of Internal Revenue, the War Finance Corporation and the Intermediate Credit Banks, had also been compelled on numerous occasions to decide whether or not a particular association was entitled to the privileges accorded cooperatives. A determination of the nature of a cooperative was implied in the standard marketing acts adopted in nearly all of the American states. …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
Administrative Tribunals-Operation Of Administrative Orders As Res Judicata
Administrative Tribunals-Operation Of Administrative Orders As Res Judicata
Michigan Law Review
To the layman res judicata is simply another one of those esoteric legal subterfuges by which lawyers evade the simple facts and win lawsuits for their clients. So he shrugs his shoulders at the whole silly business and confines his interest in the law to the dramatic trio: great crimes, great names, and great figures. To the lawyer, principle is dominant. Though he may quibble over its spelling, he recognizes res judicata as a sound working principle and is interested in the popular case mainly because good legal talent will be employed, capable arguments presented, and sound decisions reached.
Administrative Law-Delegation Of Legislative Power To Administrative Tribunals
Administrative Law-Delegation Of Legislative Power To Administrative Tribunals
Michigan Law Review
Thirty years ago it was generally said and believed that no part of the legislative power could be delegated to any other department of government or to any administrative officer or officers. That was a fundamental principle of constitutional law thought essential to the integrity and maintenance of the system of government established by the constitution. But as social and industrial problems became more complex, calling for an ever greater amount of governmental regulation, legislative bodies found themselves unable to attend to the ever increasing volume of technical detail. Furthermore, the nature of the problems was often such as to …
Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper
Due Process Of Law In State Labor Legislation, Fowler Vincent Harper
Michigan Law Review
With this material in mind, is it possible to arrive at any useful conclusions as to what constitutes due process of law in labor legislation? In each group of cases, there seem to be two distinct, though inseparable functions of the judicial process of reviewing the legislation in question. The courts, in brief, are arriving at conclusions both of fact and of law. The impression was, at one time prevalent that the extent of review of certain types of labor legislation was limited to the reasonableness of the' statute as respects the end sought and the means of attaining that …
Congress And The National Administration, John A. Farlie
Congress And The National Administration, John A. Farlie
Michigan Law Review
Under the Constitution of the United States, Congress is vested with legislative powers; and under the classical doctrine of the separation of powers, it is primarily a law-making organ. A recent writer on government has, however, analyzed its functions under seven heads, as follows: as a constituent assembly, a canvassing board and electoral college, an organ of public opinion, a board of directors, an organ of legislation, an executive council, and a high court of justice. In its capacity as board of directors, he also states that "the whole power of direction, supervision and control of administrative affairs is legally …
Public Utility Valuation For Rate Making Purposes
Public Utility Valuation For Rate Making Purposes
Michigan Law Review
Ever since Munn v. Illinois (1876) 94 U. S. 113, which first decided that the charges to be made for services rendered by public utilities were to be subject to governmental regulation, the courts have been confronted with a problem, so elusive and indefinite, that over five decades of litigation and wrangling have failed to provide a satisfactory solution. The so called "rule" of Smyth v. Ames (1898) 169 U. S. 466, specifying the elements to be considered in ascertaining the value of public utilities for the purpose of rate-making, has only served to submerge the problem further in its …
Public Utilities -Statutory Review By The State Supreme Court Of A Decision By The Commission
Public Utilities -Statutory Review By The State Supreme Court Of A Decision By The Commission
Michigan Law Review
Fifteen states in enacting public utility laws creating public utility commissions, have provided for an appeal on review of commission decisions, by the supreme court of the state. Other states provide for review by lower state courts with a subsequent appeal therefrom to the supreme court. No doubt, the direct appeal goes hand in hand with the more expeditious legal procedure exemplified by the creation of such administrative tribunals. In most states, including eight of the above fifteen, the constitutions provide that the jurisdiction of the supreme courts shall be appellate only, except for a few prerogative writs of original …
Administrative Law-Evidence-Probative Value Of Hearsay Testimony Before Administrative Tribunals
Administrative Law-Evidence-Probative Value Of Hearsay Testimony Before Administrative Tribunals
Michigan Law Review
In the recent case of Lloyd-McAlpine Logging Co. v. Whitefish (Wis. 1926) 206 N. W. 914, the plaintiff brought action to vacate the award of the Industrial Commission in favor of the children of the deceased workman, who was killed in the course of his employment with the plaintiff company. Under the Wisconsin statute (Stat. 1925, sec. 102.11 (3) (c)) in awarding compensation to the children, a showing that they were living with the deceased and that there is no surviving dependent parent, is required. The Commission, on the testimony of a witness whose expressions were mere conclusions, with no …
Recent Important Decisions
Michigan Law Review
A collection of recent important court decisions.
Public Utilities-Power Of Commission To Change Rate Paid By Private User Under Special Contract With The Utility
Michigan Law Review
Within the last decade the right of the state to change the rates of a public utility, as fixed by contract, has been presented to the courts numerous times. An examination of the cases on the subject shows that much of the law has now become settled.
Conclusiveness Of The Federal Trade Commission's Findings As To Facts, Gregory Hankin
Conclusiveness Of The Federal Trade Commission's Findings As To Facts, Gregory Hankin
Michigan Law Review
The Federal Trade Commission Act and the Clayton Act provide that the Commission's findings as to facts, if supported by testimony, shall be conclusive. Now that the Commission has functioned for almost ten years and a considerable number of its findings have been reviewed by the courts, it is interesting to examine the effect of this statutory provision. In other words, are the findings of the Federal Trade Commission as to facts, if supported by testimony, actually conclusive on the courts when appeal is taken to the Circuit Court of Appeals? This we shall discuss apart from the question--"What, as …
Fishing Expeditions By Commissions, John Leland Mechem
Fishing Expeditions By Commissions, John Leland Mechem
Michigan Law Review
Can Congress, under the Commerce Clause of the Constitution, delegate visitorial powers over private corporations engaged in interstate commerce, to the extent of granting unlimited and unrestricted examination and inspection of private papers and effects, with the right to copy them?