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Articles 61 - 90 of 138

Full-Text Articles in Administrative Law

Not So Fair Use: The Shortcomings Of Current Copyright Law In Music Sampling, Marissa Brown May 2021

Not So Fair Use: The Shortcomings Of Current Copyright Law In Music Sampling, Marissa Brown

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The current enforcement method of the fair use doctrine is not suitable to handle the ever-evolving music industry. The fair use doctrine allows a copyright protected work to be used without getting it approved by the original owner of the work. This is seen often in music sampling. Music sampling is extremely prevalent in today’s music industry; however, federal court is currently the only arena that sampling disputes can be resolved in. This has led to inconsistencies across circuits, unfairness, and exacerbated the backlog of the federal court docket. While many have pointed out both the inefficiency and unfairness of …


Regents: Resurrecting Animus/Renewing Discriminatory Intent, William Araiza Jan 2021

Regents: Resurrecting Animus/Renewing Discriminatory Intent, William Araiza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


The Regulatory Production Of Vaccine Hesitancy, Eugene Mccarthy Dec 2020

The Regulatory Production Of Vaccine Hesitancy, Eugene Mccarthy

Brooklyn Law Review

This article argues that U.S. vaccine law produces the “anti-vax” movement. The anti-vax movement is a growing problem, as more than half of American parents have concerns about vaccinating their children. Remarkably, these “vaccine-hesitant” individuals tend to be highly educated, wealthy, and experienced parents. Three legal structures cause vaccine hesitancy: strict immunization mandates, lax regulatory oversight, and blanket limited liability for vaccine manufacturers. The United States stands alone with regard to its vaccine mandates—no other developed democracy requires its citizens to receive such a large number of childhood vaccines. Meanwhile, the law permits financial conflicts of interest in vaccine approval …


Two Politicizations Of U.S. Antitrust Law, Frank Pasquale, Jacqueline Green Dec 2020

Two Politicizations Of U.S. Antitrust Law, Frank Pasquale, Jacqueline Green

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Critics have accused the Trump Department of Justice (DOJ) and Trump-appointee-chaired Federal Trade Commission (FTC) of populism, deviating from the more technocratic standards that governed agency interventions during the Bush and Obama eras. The broad brush of politicization has been applied to the administration's handling of a wide variety of topics, ranging from marijuana and media mergers, to landmark lawsuits against Google and Facebook. But a more discerning eye is necessary here. The concept of the political has both authoritarian and democratic registers. The federal Google and Facebook antitrust cases reflected the democratization of high technology antitrust. Meanwhile, troublingly authoritarian …


Door Shut And Ears Plugged: How Consumer Reporting Casts Identity Theft Victims Out Of Financial Society And How The Law Can Be Harmonized To Bring Them Back In, Ryan Bolger Dec 2020

Door Shut And Ears Plugged: How Consumer Reporting Casts Identity Theft Victims Out Of Financial Society And How The Law Can Be Harmonized To Bring Them Back In, Ryan Bolger

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Consumer Reporting Agencies (CRAs) are the gatekeepers to the American economy. As the chief informants for prospective lenders, landlords, and employers, they exert immense power over the day-to-day decisions of who gets what. Despite these high stakes, the CRAs run consumer reporting as an automated electronic process that causes a lot of reporting errors, disqualifying consumers from essential goods, services, and opportunities. This is painfully true in the context of identity theft, where perverse incentives pollute the integrity of consumer reporting, piling undue harm onto identity theft victims. The law provides a remedy for this problem, but circuit courts are …


The Political Face Of Antitrust, Spencer Weber Waller, Jacob E. Morse Dec 2020

The Political Face Of Antitrust, Spencer Weber Waller, Jacob E. Morse

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The last twenty years have brought antitrust back to the fore as a political issue of greater salience. Several booms and busts in the economy have highlighted the issue of corporate power in the economy and the political system. The growing influence and aggressiveness of the European Union and other jurisdictions’ competition laws have highlighted the relative retreat in the United States. Political movements in the United States have brought issues of corporate power and its abuse back into the public limelight and with them a greater political salience for antitrust in the election cycle of 2020.


Splendid Isolation: Va’S Failure To Provide Due Process Protections And Access To Justice To Veterans And Their Caregivers, Yelena Duterte Dec 2020

Splendid Isolation: Va’S Failure To Provide Due Process Protections And Access To Justice To Veterans And Their Caregivers, Yelena Duterte

Journal of Law and Policy

Imagine you are a spouse and caregiver of a severely injured post-9/11 veteran. Your spouse served in the Marine Corps, with several deployments to Iraq. During their last deployment, your spouse sustained a severe traumatic brain injury and suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder. Due to these injuries, they need consistent care throughout the day. Thankfully, upon their return, the VA provided a caregiver program that allowed you to step away from your job and focus on caring for your spouse full time. As part of this program, you received a caregiver stipend of $2,400 per month, healthcare, and support from …


The Hunt For Loot: Proposed Solutions To More Effectively Regulate Addictive Gambling Mechanics In Video Games, Andrew Brewer Dec 2020

The Hunt For Loot: Proposed Solutions To More Effectively Regulate Addictive Gambling Mechanics In Video Games, Andrew Brewer

Journal of Law and Policy

Over the past decade, more and more video game developers have embraced “loot boxes” as a lucrative source of revenue. But recent concerns over the potential harms of loot boxes, particularly to children, have raised questions about their use and prompted attempts to regulate them throughout the world. This Note explores recent attempts—both foreign and domestic—to regulate loot boxes and proposes new solutions based on those strategies’ shortcomings. By carefully and competently defining terms and exceptions, and providing for more aggressive oversight of agency regulatory efforts, federally-crafted loot box legislation can more effectively protect children from predatory gambling mechanics in …


How Single-Candidate Super Pacs Changed The Game And How To Change It Back: Adopting A Presumption Of Coordination And Fixing The Fec’S Gridlock, Sarah E. Adams Jun 2020

How Single-Candidate Super Pacs Changed The Game And How To Change It Back: Adopting A Presumption Of Coordination And Fixing The Fec’S Gridlock, Sarah E. Adams

Brooklyn Law Review

A series of Supreme Court decisions chipping away at campaign finance regulations, particularly the regulation of expenditure-only groups, has resulted in a proliferation of single-candidate Super PACs. While purportedly independent of the candidate, in reality, single-candidate Super PACs operate as an extension of the candidate’s own campaign team. This note argues that single-candidate Super PACs, now operating as fundamental extensions of candidates’ campaigns, pose quid pro quo corruption risks by acting as surrogates for donors who have maxed out on contributions made directly to a candidate. This note will prove that curbing the proliferation of candidate Super PAC coordination, and …


Debugging Irs Notice 2014-21: Creating A Viable Cryptocurrency Taxation Plan, Alex Ankier Jun 2020

Debugging Irs Notice 2014-21: Creating A Viable Cryptocurrency Taxation Plan, Alex Ankier

Brooklyn Law Review

In 2014, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) issued Notice 2014-21 in an attempt to address issues with cryptocurrency taxation, essentially reaching the conclusion that cryptocurrency must be treated like property for purposes of taxation. In the time since the IRS pronouncement, several academics have called for an alternative treatment known as “currency treatment.” Each treatment inadequately addresses the comprehensive issues surrounding cryptocurrency because they offer wholesale treatment to nuanced issues with valid concerns from each side. To truly allow this emerging industry to flourish and gain societal acceptance, artful policymaking is required. This note provides an example of such policymaking. …


Unmasking The Villain: Exposing Scammers’ Identities To Defeat Harmful Calls, Katherine Teng Jun 2020

Unmasking The Villain: Exposing Scammers’ Identities To Defeat Harmful Calls, Katherine Teng

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Since 1991, Congress has attempted to limit unwanted phone calls through legislative efforts. However, past and current laws remain ineffective as scam call complaints continue to increase while the harm of these calls remains severe. Currently, the laws affecting telecommunication regulation focus on reactive measures rather than preventative solutions. Most recently, Congress has passed the Telephone Robocall Abuse Criminal Enforcement and Deterrence Act, which will require telecommunication companies to implement SHAKEN/STIR technology to end scam calls before they reach consumers. While this is the most progressive legislation addressing scam calls, this Note will suggest that phone numbers be registered to …


Saving Small Business From The Big Impact Of Data Breach: A Tiered Federal Approach To Data Protection Law, Nadia Udeshi Jun 2020

Saving Small Business From The Big Impact Of Data Breach: A Tiered Federal Approach To Data Protection Law, Nadia Udeshi

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Small businesses provide a significant positive impact on the American economy. However, the current fragmented federal and state data protection and breach notification legal scheme puts the viability of small businesses at risk. While the probability of data breaches occurring continues to increase, small businesses lack the financial and technological resources to contend with the various state and federal laws that impose different monetary penalties and remedial requirements in the event of such breaches. To preserve the viability of small businesses, Congress should enact a centralized, multi-tiered federal data protection and breach notification framework that preempts state laws, imposes minimum …


“Estonia’S Gift To The World”: The Implementation Of A Blockchain Protocol For Corporate Governance In New York, Sydney Lauren Abualy Jun 2020

“Estonia’S Gift To The World”: The Implementation Of A Blockchain Protocol For Corporate Governance In New York, Sydney Lauren Abualy

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

The traditional procedures of corporate governance are not designed to resolve issues related to close outcomes of corporate votes, empty voting practices, the proxy voting protocol, verification of shareholder identities, and access to corporate records. Blockchain technology allows all corporate shareholders to participate in corporate governance more conveniently, with increased transparency, on a secure network. Estonia sought to revolutionize corporate governance by facilitating the development of a blockchain based e-voting protocol for shareholders of companies listed on the Tallinn Stock Exchange to vote in shareholder meetings. After unsuccessful attempts, New York stands well behind other states, such as Delaware, in …


The Criminal, Regulatory, And Civil Issues Surrounding Intellectual Property And Cybersecurity, Ernest Edward Badway, Christie Mcguinness Jun 2020

The Criminal, Regulatory, And Civil Issues Surrounding Intellectual Property And Cybersecurity, Ernest Edward Badway, Christie Mcguinness

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Cyber-attacks have affected all organizations and individual consumers. Dissemination of relevant information and attention to strong information security practices is an important tool in fighting this cyber “pandemic.” Additionally, the legal and regulatory liability companies face from cyber-attacks as well as general strategies and practical solutions companies may implement to protect against cyber-intrusions and respond effectively in the event of an attack are considered. There are many iterations of cyber-crime, and we address the various methods cybercriminals use and the many ways cyber-attacks can take place, as well as the entities and victims affected. Moreover, the legal liability and regulatory …


A Taxonomy Of Cryptocurrency Enforcement Actions, Peter J. Henning Jun 2020

A Taxonomy Of Cryptocurrency Enforcement Actions, Peter J. Henning

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

This article looks at how the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Department of Justice (DOJ) have pursued cases involving cryptocurrencies. A number of prosecutions have been brought against defendants who misled investors into believing that they were obtaining cryptocurrencies when in fact there were simply false statements and schemes to defraud, such as Ponzi schemes. When a company has attempted to issue a cryptocurrency to investors, the SEC has relied on Section 5(a) and 5(c) of the Securities Act of 1933 to require that issuers file a registration statement with the Commission. This is not an easy process …


The Institutional Design Of Community Control, K. Sabeel Rahman, Jocelyn Simonson Jun 2020

The Institutional Design Of Community Control, K. Sabeel Rahman, Jocelyn Simonson

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Reconsidering Confidential Settlements In The #Metoo Era, Minna J. Kotkin Jan 2020

Reconsidering Confidential Settlements In The #Metoo Era, Minna J. Kotkin

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Of Sustainable Development In Africa: Addressing The (In)Congruence Of Plastic Bag Regulations With International Trade Rules, Regis Y, Simo Dec 2019

Of Sustainable Development In Africa: Addressing The (In)Congruence Of Plastic Bag Regulations With International Trade Rules, Regis Y, Simo

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

Several aspects of the trade policies of African countries suffer from neglect in the legal literature. When they are the object of research, the focus is sometimes limited to their participation in the dispute settlement system or on the enforceability of special and differential treatment provisions. While practice displays that African countries have almost never been the target of complaints for a number a reasons, those approaches do not always take into consideration African countries’ domestic measures affecting the flow of goods and services, which could eventually trigger disputes. This paper intends to fill that gap and add to the …


The Hard Look Doctrine: How Disparate Impact Theory Can Inform Agencies On Proper Implementation Of Nepa Regulations, Monica Mercola Dec 2019

The Hard Look Doctrine: How Disparate Impact Theory Can Inform Agencies On Proper Implementation Of Nepa Regulations, Monica Mercola

Journal of Law and Policy

Executive Order 12898—Federal Actions to Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations—was issued to achieve “environmental protection for all communities” by drawing federal agencies’ attention to the environmental and human health effects brought about by their actions. The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) sets forth a detailed process which aims to ensure that each agency will have available, and will consider, a carefully detailed compilation of information concerning significant environmental impacts resulting from federal actions before taking those actions. Realizing the Executive Order’s goal, however, is rendered problematic, in part because of the difficulty in challenging an Environmental …


Offshore Drilling: Combating Regulatory Uncertainty With Contract Law Protection, Jordan M. Steele May 2019

Offshore Drilling: Combating Regulatory Uncertainty With Contract Law Protection, Jordan M. Steele

Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, Financial & Commercial Law

Offshore drilling accounts for billions of dollars in tax revenue every year. It is a pillar of the energy industry and is crucial to the economy. A recent flurry of deregulation, accelerating with the arrival of the Trump administration, highlights the tremendous impact politics has upon the profitability of this sector. The Secretary of the Interior, under the direction of the President, wields the power to regulate and make determinations into where, when, and how private companies can drill offshore. These private companies have contracts with the government for the opportunity to produce and develop oil or gas on the …


Balancing Political Power: Community Economic Development And Institutional Design, K. Sabeel Rahman Jan 2019

Balancing Political Power: Community Economic Development And Institutional Design, K. Sabeel Rahman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Invasion Of The Content-Neutrality Rule, William D. Araiza Jan 2019

Invasion Of The Content-Neutrality Rule, William D. Araiza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Against Aviation Orthodoxy: India's Foreign Investment Regime For The Airline Industry, Jae Woon Lee, Umakanth Varottil Dec 2018

Against Aviation Orthodoxy: India's Foreign Investment Regime For The Airline Industry, Jae Woon Lee, Umakanth Varottil

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

The foreign investment regime governing the airline industry has been the subject matter of considerable debate. Our goal in this article is to supplement the literature by embarking on an analysis of the foreign investment regime in India and to cautiously suggest that India’s new regulatory reforms could be a harbinger for other states. A study of the foreign investment regime in the airline industry in India is both interesting and timely, for at least two reasons. First, India has nearly everything that bodes well for the growth of an aviation market, and it is one of the fastest growing …


Infrastructural Exclusion And The Fight For The City: Power, Democracy, And The Case Of America's Water Crisis, K. Sabeel Rahman Oct 2018

Infrastructural Exclusion And The Fight For The City: Power, Democracy, And The Case Of America's Water Crisis, K. Sabeel Rahman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Demanding Due Process: Time To Amend 8 U.S.C. § 1226(C) And Limit Indefinite Detention Of Criminal Immigrants, Allison M. Cunneen Jul 2018

Demanding Due Process: Time To Amend 8 U.S.C. § 1226(C) And Limit Indefinite Detention Of Criminal Immigrants, Allison M. Cunneen

Brooklyn Law Review

Under 8 U.S.C. § 1226(c), Congress mandates that the Attorney General detain criminal immigrants upon release from prison. The statute neither provides a temporal limitation to detention nor does it afford a criminal immigrant periodic bond hearings to determine whether he or she is a flight risk or danger to the community. Thus, until an immigration judge decides whether a criminal immigrant should be removed from the United States, that person remains detained. With the unprecedent backlog in immigration courts, criminal immigrants are waiting longer for a removal hearing, which means longer time spent in detention with no opportunity for …


The New Welfare Rights, Susannah Camic Tahk Jun 2018

The New Welfare Rights, Susannah Camic Tahk

Brooklyn Law Review

Participating in the tax system gives rise to what could be enormously powerful rights for poor people. The tax system has become one of the main tools the United States uses to fight poverty. A thick bundle of tax rights accompanies the many tax antipoverty programs. This paper is the first to recognize the potentially substantial rights that poor people have through the tax code. For decades, poverty law advocates and scholars have lamented the decline of the “welfare rights” that poor people once had in their benefits. No one has yet recognized that in fact poor people still have …


Syria Under Pinheiro: Reformulating Syrian Domestic Law For Decentralized Reconstruction, George Somi Jun 2018

Syria Under Pinheiro: Reformulating Syrian Domestic Law For Decentralized Reconstruction, George Somi

Brooklyn Journal of International Law

According to the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees; since 2011; the Syrian conflict has generated roughly 5.4 million refugees; while approximately 6.5 million people are internally displaced within the country; making it the largest internally displaced population in the world. Rebuilding Syria’s infrastructure; homes; and businesses will be an immense task; with cost estimates ranging between $250–$350 billion USD. The Syrian government and the international community have already started to contemplate postwar reconstruction and even wartime reconstruction; despite the ongoing fighting. This Note operates under the assumption that the Syrian government of President Bashar al-Assad will; at a minimum; …


The Time Has Come For Congress To Finish Its Work On Harmonizing The Definition Of "Employee", Russel A. Hollrah, Patrick A. Hollrah May 2018

The Time Has Come For Congress To Finish Its Work On Harmonizing The Definition Of "Employee", Russel A. Hollrah, Patrick A. Hollrah

Journal of Law and Policy

The meaning of the term “employee” is critically important for the purposes of laws governing work relationships. This is because these laws, for the most part, cover only employees, and do not cover self-employed individuals, commonly referred to as independent contractors or independent entrepreneurs. Currently more than ten different tests are used to determine whether an individual qualifies as an “employee” for purposes of federal and state statutes. This multiplicity of tests has frequently left independent entrepreneurs and their clients uncertain whether their contractual relationships will be respected for purposes of applicable statutes. This exposes companies doing business with independent …


Reconstructing The Administrative State In An Era Of Economic And Democratic Crisis, K. Sabeel Rahman Apr 2018

Reconstructing The Administrative State In An Era Of Economic And Democratic Crisis, K. Sabeel Rahman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.


No Cake For You: Discrimination, Dignity, And Refusals To Serve, William Araiza Apr 2018

No Cake For You: Discrimination, Dignity, And Refusals To Serve, William Araiza

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.