Law Commons^™

Class Or Series?: Chancery Court Clarifies Process For Validating Flawed Spac Stockholder Votes, Robert S. Reder, Alexander Stanham

Vanderbilt Law Review En Banc

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Recent Modifications In Egyptian Building Regulations On Urban Development And Socioeconomic Conditions Over The Past Decade, Mohamed M. Abohelal

Journal of Engineering Research

Over the past decade, Egypt has witnessed significant transformations in its urban regulatory framework, particularly through successive amendments to the Unified Building Law No. 119 of 2008. These legislative changes, implemented in 2015, 2021, and 2024, reflect evolving state strategies to manage urban growth, streamline construction processes, and address challenges in regulatory compliance. The 2015 amendments sought to enhance administrative coordination and facilitate permit acquisition, while the 2021 reforms imposed stringent restrictions on building height, coverage ratios, and facade dimensions, provoking widespread controversy due to their misalignment with local urban realities and economic capacities. In response to ensuing public and …

Optical Signature As A Modern Means Of Judicial Evidence A Comparative Study, Fadia Mohamed Ismail

Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University Journal of Legal Studies

In light of the development taking place in information technology, the patterns of contracts began to shift from the physical (traditional) pattern to the technological (immaterial) pattern, which is carried out through the Internet and is called electronic contracts. These contracts include optical signature, which is a prerequisite for their validity and enforcement. In the light of electronic commerce, if disputes arise related to these electronic contracts, the signature has an important role in proving and resolving these disputes before the courts. Also, the biggest problem facing the litigants to establish disputes that take place over the Internet is information …

Civil Confrontation Of The Phenomenon Of Building On Agricultural Land For Residential Purposes, Mahmoud Adel Mahmoud

Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University Journal of Legal Studies

The growing population is making city centers housing inadequate for residents, leading to urban spread that takes away green areas. This situation creates problems, mainly an imbalance in the urban environment and a risk to agricultural land, which is essential for food security. In Iraq, lawmakers have established ways to protect agricultural land from development. Still, poor enforcement of these laws has worsened these issues, resulting in the loss of green spaces with each new residential expansion. From this view, our study's issue has come up, focusing on whether the rules made by the Iraqi legislator are good enough to …

Copyright Law Year In Review 2024-2025 With Ip Litigation Statistics, Marketa Trimble

Media & Informal Publications

Professor Trimble delivered a presentation on U.S. copyright law developments and IP litigation statistics at the annual conference for the Intellectual Property Law Section of the State Bar of Nevada. The event took place on September 12, 2025 at the William S. Boyd School of Law.

Report Of The National Expert For The United States In Mapping Third Party Litigation Funding In The European Union, Maya Steinitz

Faculty Scholarship

Commercial third-party litigation funding (“TPLF”) is not centrally regulated in the United States.  It is subject to the overlapping jurisdiction of state and federal courts, state and federal legislatures, regulatory agencies, and bar associations. Legislation, regulation, and oversight of TPLF is being undertaken at each of those levels – much of it centered around the questions of when and whether TPLF should be disclosed; how to mitigate conflicts of interest created by TPLF (including the potential for claimants to lose control over their case to funders); and the identification of any foreign individuals, entities, or countries that may be providing …

Cardozo Law News Brief: September 12, 2025, Benjamin N. Cardozo School Of Law

Cardozo Law News Briefs

This Cardozo Law News Brief highlights Professor Lindsay Nash’s comments to WNYC on the risks of racial profiling in immigration enforcement following recent Supreme Court cases, and Professor Stew Sterk’s remarks to Reuters on the political misuse of prosecutorial discretion. It also features faculty scholarship and news, including Professor Wilfred Codrington III’s presentations at the 2025 FSU Election Law Conference and SUNY New Paltz, Professor Rebecca Ingber’s appearances on multiple podcasts discussing U.S. military actions, Professor Burton Lipshie’s upcoming lectures to New York judges, Professor Nash’s paper presentation at University of Arizona Law, and Professor Gabor Rona’s published letter to …

Ai-Enabled Autonomous Weapons And Human Control: Part Ii: Human Control And Military Commanders, Lena Trabucco

International Law Studies

This article is the second installment of a three-part series exploring human control throughout the entire life cycle of an autonomous weapon system (AWS). The series aims to understand the decision-making process and identify key decision-makers to see how human judgment is embedded into an AWS's parameters. Each article in this series focuses on a different stage of the life cycle. The first article discussed the roles and responsibilities of software developers and designers during the design and development phase. This article looks at the role of commanders in decision-making related to AWS deployment. The third article in the series …

Should Tax-Free Triangular Mergers Be Eliminated?, Reuven Avi-Yonah

Articles

The tax advantages of reverse triangular mergers under section 368(a)(2)(E) are well known. They enable the acquiring corporation (P) to use up to 60 percent cash consideration to acquire the stock of target (T) through a merger with a controlled subsidiary (S), with T surviving. This amount of boot is higher than what is allowed under a B or C reorganization. Because it is a triangular merger, it avoids exposing the assets of P to the liabilities of T (unlike a direct merger), and because it is equivalent to a stock acquisition, it avoids having to transfer assets, which is …

Academic Success Session In Professionalism, Cardozo Office Of Academic Success

2025–2026 Flyers

Outlining for Law School

Happy Hour Hosted By Jlsa, Jewish Law Students Association (Jlsa)

2025–2026 Flyers

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Colorado River Basin Storage Suggests Need For Immediate Action, Jack Schmidt, Anne Castle, John Fleck, Eric Kuhn, Kathryn Sorensen, Katherine Tara

The Traveling Wilburys of the Colorado River

Consumptive water use in the Colorado River Basin continues to outpace natural flow. The dwindling reserve stored in reservoirs that has long sustained this shortfall might soon be exhausted. Immediate steps should be taken to reduce current consumptive uses in the Upper and Lower Basins.

“Ni Hao” At The Southern Border: Crafting The U.S. Policy Response To The Post-Pandemic Cohort Of Chinese Migrants, Wei Luo

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

Undocumented migrants feature prominently in modern American politics. One group of migrants, however, has drawn relatively little attention—those from the People’s Republic of China. Leading up to the 2024 election, Chinese migrants were the fastest growing group of migrants entering from the U.S.-Mexico border. This Article proposes that U.S. policymakers take a three-prong approach to responding to Chinese migrants who have entered the country in recent years or who may enter in the future. First, use asylum law as an instrument of U.S. foreign policy and grant asylum to Chinese migrants in numbers appropriate to advance America’s national interest in …

The Unamerican Dream: Breaking The Barriers Of Standardized Testing For Ell Students In A Post-Affirmative Action Era, Laura Rua

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

This comment examines the impact of standardized testing on English Language Learners (ELL) in K–12 education. It explores the complexities and challenges these students face, including language barriers and cultural differences, which can significantly influence their test performance and educational outcomes. By analyzing existing research and legal frameworks, this comment assesses shortcomings of bilingual education in Texas and its under-preparation for ELL students to take standardized testing and whether current testing practices adequately accommodate the needs of ELL students.Ultimately, this comment proposes policy recommendations aimed at promoting fair and equitable assessment practices in bilingual education for K–12 ELL students.

Your Turn Texas: A Failed Bill For Conviction Integrity Units And Funding, Jasmine Silva

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

This comment reviews the history and consequences of wrongful convictions, explores the proposed Conviction Integrity Act of 2021, and scrutinizes Texas's role in exonerations. The root of wrongful convictions depends on various factors. However, the slow overturn of wrongful convictions largely depends on the lack of funding conviction integrity units and innocence organizations receive. The devastating truth is that there are many known wrongfully incarcerated persons sitting in prison because of the amount of funds necessary to reinvestigate a possible exoneration. This comment walks through the Conviction Integrity Act of 2021, a bill proposed by Senator Klobuchar and Senator Cornyn, …

Roger Williams University Launches 12 New Academic Programs For Fall 2025 9-10-2025, Jordan J. Phelan

Life of the Law School (1993- )

No abstract provided.

Peremptory Norms And The Right To Self-Determination: The Case Of Puerto Rico, Carlos Chevere-Lugo, Sigrid Vendrell-Polanco

The Scholar: St. Mary's Law Review on Race and Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Unemployment Action Center General Body Meeting, Unemployment Action Center, Cardozo Chapter

2025–2026 Flyers

The Unemployment Action Center ("UAC") is a student run non-profit organization that provides free legal representation for claimants seeking unemployment benefits.

All Things Adr, Kukin Program For Conflict Resolution

2025–2026 Flyers

Join us for lunch with the Kukin Program faculty and student leaders to learn about:

The Certificate in Dispute Resolution

Dispute Resolution Courses & Clinics

The Dispute Resolution Competition Honor Society

The Dispute Resolution Society

Trade Agreements Have Helped Prohibit Forced Labor, Desiree Leclercq

Scholarly Works

While policymakers today debate the future of trade policy, the real story lies in the proven wins quietly shaping economies and improving lives worldwide. This series showcases ten compelling wins in international trade that demonstrate the success of crossborder commerce and open trade policies.

Presenting The Jacob Burns Center Award For Professional Courage To Elizabeth (Liz) Oyer, Jacob Burns Center For Ethics In The Practice Of Law, Elizabeth (Liz) Oyer

2025 Event Invitations

Liz Oyer served in the Department of Justice as United States Pardon Attorney from April 2022 to March 2025, overseeing the Office of the Pardon Attorney. In that role, she was responsible for reviewing applications from individuals across the country seeking pardons and commutations of sentence and preparing recommendations for the President concerning the exercise of his constitutional clemency power. The Pardon Attorney is a career-reserved position in the Senior Executive Service; it is not a political appointment.

Dispute Resolution: Why Ireland Works For International Business Law, Kukin Program For Conflict Resolution, Hon. Loretta A. Preska, Hon Justice David Barniville, Sarah Murphy, Matthew York, Simone K. Lelchuk

2025 Event Invitations

As international commerce becomes increasingly complex, the choice of forum and governing law is more critical than ever. This distinguished panel will explore how Ireland’s legal system - confidential and cost-effective and can provide businesses with efficient dispute resolution without lengthy court processes - offers a compelling and reliable jurisdiction for international dispute resolution.

Presentation Of The Jacob Burns Center Award For Professional Courage To: Liv Oyer, Jacob Burns Center For Ethics In The Practice Of Law

2025–2026 Flyers

Ms. Oyer will be joined in conversation with Professor Jessica Roth, Co-Director of the Jacob Burns Center for Ethics in the practice of Law.

The Impact Of Public Relations Strategies On The Effectiveness Of Epidemic Management In Jordan: A Case Study Of Covid-19, Hazem Jamil Al-Rahahleh

Middle East Journal of Communication Studies

This study aimed to explore the impact of public relations strategies on the effectiveness of epidemic management in Jordan, using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study. The study employed the descriptive-analytical method, which is based on the systematic description and interpretation of social and media phenomena. The findings revealed that public relations play a pivotal strategic role in managing health crises by building public trust, preparing communication plans, and formulating awareness messages in coordination with relevant authorities. The study recommended the need to enhance the training of public relations personnel in managing communication during health crises, to continue diversifying …

Profit Shifting And The States: A Short Primer, David Gamage

Faculty Publications

This essay argues that corporate profit shifting remains one of the most significant challenges for U.S. state tax systems. Multinational enterprises continue to shift billions in profits to offshore tax havens, eroding state tax bases, distorting market competition, and forcing a greater reliance on more regressive taxes. We contend that the dominant "water's-edge" combined reporting method used by most states is structurally inadequate to combat modern profit-shifting techniques, which primarily involve the manipulation of intangible assets. The recent transformation of federal tax law (from GILTI to NCTI) and the global adoption of the OECD's Pillar 2 minimum tax framework create …

Too Scared To Use: Living Wills And Orderly Liquidation Of Too-Big-To-Fail Financial Institutions, Jeffery Y. Zhang

Law & Economics Working Papers

The term “too big to fail” became ubiquitous following the 2007-2008 Global Financial Crisis. Lawmakers, regulators, and scholars wondered if there was a better way forward than issuing an array of ad hoc bailout packages to large financial institutions. Congress, in enacting the Dodd-Frank Act, sought to address the concern by creating a new regulatory framework to resolve large financial institutions in an orderly manner.

First, Congress required too-big-to-fail institutions to file “living wills,” essentially planning documents that describe the institution’s path to a safe failure under the Bankruptcy Code—a failure that would not impact system-wide financial stability. Second, Congress …

Alpharetta Underwriters, Llc V. Argonaut Mgmt. Svcs., Order On Pending Motions, Wesley B. Tailor

Superior Court of Fulton County: Metro Atlanta Business Case Division Opinions

No abstract provided.

Season 2 Episode 5: Quitting Ain't Easy, Sara Gras

Season 02

Where there is gambling, there are addicted gamblers. Gambling addiction is more than just an economic problem – it can have a profoundly serious impact on the lives of individuals who are affected – but the research on, and funding for treatment of, compulsive gambling is only a fraction of what is available for substance use disorders. The rapid growth of sports betting has created a new challenge in this space, impacting a new demographic of young men. This episode provides some foundational information about gambling addiction and recovery as a foundation for a discussion of responsible gaming and industry …

Volunteers Needed For The Red Mass, Michael Love

The Red Mass

In his weekly email to members of NDLS, St. Thomas More Society, Michael Love asks for Red Mass volunteers,

Mmu: 09/08/25–09/14/25, Student Bar Association

Monday Morning Update

This Week @ NDLS

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