Law Commons^™

The Loper Bright Ripple Effect: Brace For Impact, Small Businesses, Dominick Mendoza

University of the Pacific Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Native American Graves Protection And Repatriation Act As A Model Of Cultural Sovereignty For Protecting Indigenous Sacred Site, Michalyn Steele

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Ames, The Seventh Amendment, And The Honest Belief Trap Tautologizing Title Vii, Amos N. Jones

SMU Law Review Forum

A widely covered Sixth Circuit decision on July 29, 2025, against a tenured African American female law professor at the University of Michigan has dramatically materialized in the face of the unanimous decision of the Supreme Court of the United States only weeks earlier in Ames v. Ohio Department of Youth Services, decided on June 5, 2025. The Court had just eliminated another basis for employment-discrimination case dismissals, centering its original-textualist interpretative mode under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and buttressing plaintiffs’ Seventh Amendment rights to trial by jury. Meanwhile, the Michigan panel in Beny …

Llms Are Bad Judges. So Use A Classifier Instead., Jack Kieffaber, Kimo Gandall, Steven Foster, Kenny Mclaren

SMU Law Review Forum

Large Language Models suffer from prompt variance—meaning they’ll give you totally different legal answers depending on how you phrase your question. Jonathan Choi demonstrated this recently when he asked ChatGPT five legal questions, each rephrased 2,000 times, and watched as the bot spat out different answers every time. When you tell somebody that AI is going to replace the judge, the lawyer, and the legal system in the next twenty years, Choi’s article has become the go-to rebuttal; it’s the crown jewel of the “AI bad” genre.

Choi’s absolutely right that LLM’s are bad judges. And, if every AI was …

A Blunt Reality: How § 922(G)(3) Of The Gun Control Act Violates The Second Amendment Rights Of Marijuana Users, Christian Z. Macdonald

SMU Law Review Forum

Over 98% of Americans live in a state that has some form of legal marijuana, with over half of Americans having used the drug at least once. The United States also has a strong historical tradition of individual gun ownership for the purposes of self-defense, with gun ownership currently at its highest level in decades. In this modern era of both rising gun ownership and marijuana usage, could it truly be the case that any American who uses cannabinoids forfeits her presumptively protected constitutional right to firearm possession? The answer depends upon whether 18 U.S.C. § 922(g)(3) unconstitutionally infringes on …

Systemic Exploitation Of Farmworkers: The Depreciation Of H-2a Farmworkers' Wages And The Effect On Similarly Situated Domestic Jobs, Brady Clark

William & Mary Business Law Review

Immigration has played a key role in helping the U.S. economy grow and provide labor to a variety of industries. One of the key pieces of this growth has been the H-2A visa program, which allows farm workers from other countries to come to the United States to help farmers plant, grow, and harvest. Yet, the H-2A program is riddled with problems that give complete power to the farm owner and strip the farm worker of any ability to stop a farm owner’s abuse. Because of this power, farm owners can take advantage of their H-2A workers, paying them lower …

Toward Digital Corporate Law: Revisiting Corporate Law's Responses To Technology, Chen Wang, Ke Xu

William & Mary Business Law Review

This Article examines the dynamic relationship between emerging technologies and corporate law, raising fundamental questions about whether these technological advancements require reshaping traditional legal doctrines. It investigates key aspects of corporate law—including corporate formation, governance, and finance—through a comparative analysis of Chinese and U.S. legal frameworks. This Article critically assesses the ability of contemporary corporate law to respond effectively to technological challenges posed by artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in relation to evolving fiduciary duties of corporate agents and shifts in the balance of power between shareholders and management. Furthermore, this Article proposes innovative strategies for future corporate law development, advocating …

Enhancing Nigeria’S Compliance With International Maritime Anti-Corruption Framework, Usman Abdulrahman

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Environmental Regulations And The Exploitation Of Deep Seabed Minerals : A New Era For The“Mining Code” Of The International Seabed Authority (Isa)?, Mikyla D'Antoinette Frederick-Winter

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Wreck Removal : Assessing Nigeria’S Compliance With The Nairobi Wreck Removal Convention 2007, Richard Oritsejomayo Iyinbo

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Technology Transfer In The Implementation Of The Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction Agreement, Christine Nzambi Mulatya

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, North Carolina Journal Of Law & Technology

North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology

No abstract provided.

Take It Down Or Take It Too Far? The Legal Fallout Of New Online Takedown Powers, Taylor Greeno

North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology

No abstract provided.

Code As Counselor: How Robo-Will Platforms Are Productizing Estate Planning Services, John Speirs

North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology

No abstract provided.

Piggy Banks To Paychecks: Ensuring Child Content Creators' Protection Against Financial Exploitation By Parents And Guardians, Spencer S. Vora

North Carolina Journal of Law & Technology

No abstract provided.

Sovereign Power Constitutionalism, Curtis A. Bradley

University of Chicago Law Review

The text of the U.S. Constitution seems to be missing a host of governmental powers that we take for granted, including powers relating to immigration, Indian affairs, acquisition of territory and resources, and the regulation and protection of U.S. citizens abroad. The Supreme Court suggested an explanation for these and other missing powers in its famous 1936 decision, United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp. Upon becoming a nation, the Court contended, the United States automatically acquired powers “equal to the right and power of the other members of the international family”—powers that inhered in the government “as necessary concomitants of …

The Contractualization Of Disability Rights Law, Yaron Covo

University of Chicago Law Review

What body of law determines the content and scope of disability rights in the United States? The conventional wisdom is that the rights of disabled individuals are enshrined in and shaped by an array of civil rights statutes. While this answer is correct, it is incomplete. As this Article shows, U.S. disability rights are also built upon contract law concepts and doctrines. For example, in interpreting disability rights statutes, courts have turned to the parol evidence rule, the duty of good faith, and the doctrines of impossibility, materiality, duress, and mistake. Although not explicitly enumerated in disability rights statutes, these …

Legal Realignment, Richard Re

University of Chicago Law Review

The United States is undergoing a legal realignment, in that salient legal views recently associated with the right are now being espoused by the left, and vice versa. The clearest example involves Chevron deference: a doctrine once championed by conservatives like Justice Antonin Scalia has now been overruled in Loper Bright v. Raimondo—over dissenting votes by all three of the Court’s liberals. Similar points can be made about standing, stare decisis, textualism, positivism, and more. The basic reason for this transformation is straightforward: legal ideologies in power favor discretion, whereas those out of power favor constraint. Conservatives now firmly control …

Complete Preemption Via Historical Evolution, Ryan Jain-Liu

University of Chicago Law Review

Complete preemption is a jurisdictional doctrine that applies when a federal statute so wholly envelops certain state law claims that those claims effectively cease to exist. Aside from an explicit complete preemption hook, the Supreme Court has recognized just one way for a federal statute to completely preempt state law claims: it must provide an exclusive federal remedy and also have a special nature that makes it especially federal. Courts shirk this second prong to their own detriment. One example of complete preemption generating confusion is § 303(i) of the Bankruptcy Code, which provides remedies for involuntary debtors against bad …

The Progression Of Deinstitutionalization And Its Effects On The American South: A Judicial Analysis Of 20th-Century United States Supreme Court Decisions, Eva-Marie V. Jones

Honors College Theses

This thesis explores the effects of four landmark Supreme Court cases on the deinstitutionalization movement in the American south. Previous literature frequently discusses the legislative implications of this era; however, no law is applicable without the interpretation and application of the judiciary, which so often contextualizes the greater public perspective. Rarely has an analysis of judicial decisions involving psychiatric care merged with regional focus, and certainly not in a format accessible to the average individual.

From unmarked graves to abandoned infrastructure, the legacy of historic psychiatric care in the United States has been largely obscured – yet its consequences continue …

Chimeric Contacts And Consent: The Ill-Reasoned Expansion Of Corporate Jurisdictional Exposure, James Paul George

Faculty Scholarship

Two recent Supreme Court decisions have imposed aspects of general jurisdiction in a way that exposes corporations and possibly other legal actors to litigation in spuriously connected forums. One case-Ford Motor Company v. Montana-reached a fair result but with strained reasoning that will support unfair results. The second case-Mallory v. Norfolk Southern Railroad Company-was wrong on the facts and the law, imposing general jurisdiction based on a vaguely worded corporate registration statute validated by a more than century-old precedent based on Pennoyer v. Neff's limited territorial model. Both decisions were the result of conceptual corners the Supreme Court has created …

Cisg (2025 Survey), Wayne R. Barnes

Faculty Scholarship

This survey article discusses cases during the prior year, which are decided based on one or more provisions of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG). The CISG is a United Nations treaty that provides a uniform international sales law. It was adopted in Vienna in 1980 and went into effect in 1988. The CISG governs contracts for the international sale of goods between businesses located in different countries that have ratified the treaty. It has been adopted by 95+ countries, including major trading nations like the United States, China, and most European countries. …

Trips And Its Futures, Peter K. Yu

Faculty Scholarship

The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement) was adopted on 15 April 1994, along with the estab-lishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO). With the WTO’s recent celebration of its thirtieth anniversary, it is high time we explore what the future will hold for this agreement. This chapter begins by revisiting the past to examine whether the TRIPS Agreement would be adopted if it were negotiated today. The chapter then discusses whether WTO members will undertake a major overhaul of this agreement in the future. Taking note of the fast-evolving international norm-setting environment and …

Assembly-Line Public Defense, David S. Abrams, Priyanka Goonetilleke

Faculty Scholarship

Each year, millions of Americans rely on public defenders to fulfill their Sixth Amendment right to counsel. Despite being the linchpin of the criminal justice system, public defense remains both underfunded and understudied. This Article provides empirical analysis to contribute to a critical question: How should public defender systems be structured?

Criminal justice advocates, scholars, and the American Bar Association strongly favor vertical representation in public defense. Under this model, a single public defender represents a defendant throughout their case, from their initial appearance through sentencing. The alternative approach—horizontal representation—operates like an assembly line: Different attorneys handle each stage of …

The Forgotten Weapon: Section 891 And The Origins Of U.S. Retaliatory Tax Policy, Reuven S. Avi-Yonah, Gianluca Mazzoni

Articles

The original version of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (P.L. 119-21) included section 899, which would have imposed retaliatory taxes on individuals and corporations from countries that apply “discriminatory or extraterritorial” taxes to U.S. corporations, defined specifically to include digital services taxes and the undertaxed profits rule of pillar 2.

However, on June 26 Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced that a compromise was reached on the UTPR, and as a result, section 899 was removed from the OBBBA. Now that section 899 is gone, section 891 is the most important part of the United States’ legislative armory against “discriminatory …

Book Review - Board-Shareholder Dialogue: Policy Debate, Legal Constraints And Best Practices Edited By Luca Enriques And Giovanni Strampelli, Cambridge, Cup, 2024, 574 Pp., £130.00 (Hardback) Isbn: 9781009360760, Martin Petrin

Articles & Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

Critical Approaches To Jurisdiction: The Struggle For Control Of Indigenous Lands And Resources, Dayna Scott

Articles & Book Chapters

This chapter questions the starting assumptions in thinking through questions of “jurisdiction” in public law, specifically in relation to assertions of inherent Indigenous territorial governing authority. It reviews the common conceptual images of jurisdiction we employ in law schools and offers resources from critical interdisciplinary theory for new conceptions. In highlighting examples of the present exercise of Indigenous territorial jurisdiction, such as the Kunst'aa guu— Kunst'aayah Reconciliation Protocol and the Tsleil-Waututh Sacred Trust Assessment of the Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) project, the chapter urges public law scholars to adopt an orientation of prefiguration in order to bring into being conceptualizations …

Candid Traffic Cameras: Why Illinois’S Automated License Plate Reader System Should Be Restricted, Michael Lathwell

Northern Illinois University Law Review

This article examines the constitutionality of automated license plate reader (ALPR) cameras. ALPR cameras are permanently affixed on the highway and record the license plate number of every passing vehicle. The system is used by police to locate stolen vehicles, track fleeing suspects, and for other crime prevention purposes. In 2019, the Tamara Clayton Expressway Camera Act was passed by the Illinois General Assembly, which allowed for the installation of these cameras in Illinois. But the constitutionality of these cameras has been challenged as a Fourth Amendment violation, because although the camera network has many valid purposes, it also poses …

Above The Law? Exploring Satellite Surveillance Under The Illinois Bill Of Rights, Maxwell A. Ruttenberg

Northern Illinois University Law Review

Since the Soviet Union’s launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite in 1957, our atmosphere has seen a boom in the number of satellites in orbit. Today, it is estimated that there are between five and ten thousand satellites in orbit, most of them owned by private corporations. Our skies will continue to be filled in the coming years as current players increase their satellite fleets, new players arise in the aerospace industry, and nations continue their focus on the uses of space exploration and technology. With the increase of satellites above, communities must now be on alert to an invasion …

Vol. 46, No. 1, Fall 2025: Table Of Contents, Northern Illinois University Law Review

Northern Illinois University Law Review

Table of Contents and Masthead for Volume 46, Issue 1 of the Northern Illinois Law Review